Pre-service teachers and visual arts education. A study based on artistic creation as a way of interrogating reality / Los futuros docentes y la enseñanza de las artes visuales. Un estudio basado en la creación artística como forma de interrogar la realidad     

Xana Morales-Caruncho  Pedro Chacón-Gordillo 《Infancia y Aprendizaje》2018,41(2):287-324

: This study explores pre-service teachers’ knowledge of visual arts education and their ability to undertake creative processes. It is a study conducted with 88 primary school student teachers from a university in southern Spain. The participants were required to produce an artistic piece in which they were asked to reflect their thoughts on visual art education. The resulting pieces served as a tool for inquiry which enabled us to evaluate their theoretical and practical knowledge after performing an analysis of their form and content. After analysing the data, we concluded that future teachers are aware that arts education develops many types of skills, although they are only partially able to carry out a satisfactory artistic creation process. Therefore, it is essential to reinforce the training of pre-service teachers in the domain of artistic processes. Questioning pre-service teachers directly, and doing so through artistic creation, has allowed us to ascertain their level of knowledge of the visual arts.  相似文献   

Creating a school that matters: networking for school-community development     

Thurídur Jóhannsdóttir 《课程研究杂志》2018,50(3):297-314

This study of the creation of a new upper secondary school in Iceland focuses on the way in which networking and collaboration across school boundaries contributed to a new form for school practice. The aim is to understand the value of school–community interaction and how the collaboration has expanded both the activities of the school and the local community. A cultural-historical approach is used to analyse how contradictions in practice act as catalysts for development. Data were generated over a three-year period mainly through ethnographic methods. The expansive learning theory provided methods for identifying contradictions and the way in which they were being addressed in developing the school. The interplay of conceptual and material tools was fundamental in dealing with the contradictions. The principal’s clear conceptual vision on the role of education for individuals and society supported by the ideology of the national curriculum facilitated the process. Digital applications and the Internet served as material tools for implementing and coordinating the new school. Networking across traditional boundaries widened the object of school learning and made school practice responsive to societal changes. To conclude: Transcending traditional boundaries through school-community collaboration have promoted a qualitative transformation in school learning.  相似文献   

Validity and reliability of a novel iPhone app for the measurement of barbell velocity and 1RM on the bench-press exercise     

Carlos Balsalobre-Fernández  David Marchante  Mario Muñoz-López  Sergio L. Jiménez 《Journal of sports sciences》2018,36(1):64-70

The purpose of this study was to analyse the validity and reliability of a novel iPhone app (named: PowerLift) for the measurement of mean velocity on the bench-press exercise. Additionally, the accuracy of the estimation of the 1-Repetition maximum (1RM) using the load–velocity relationship was tested. To do this, 10 powerlifters (Mean (SD): age = 26.5 ± 6.5 years; bench press 1RM · kg^?1 = 1.34 ± 0.25) completed an incremental test on the bench-press exercise with 5 different loads (75–100% 1RM), while the mean velocity of the barbell was registered using a linear transducer (LT) and Powerlift. Results showed a very high correlation between the LT and the app (r = 0.94, SEE = 0.028 m · s^?1) for the measurement of mean velocity. Bland–Altman plots (R² = 0.011) and intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC = 0.965) revealed a very high agreement between both devices. A systematic bias by which the app registered slightly higher values than the LT (P < 0.05; mean difference (SD) between instruments = 0.008 ± 0.03 m · s^?1). Finally, actual and estimated 1RM using the app were highly correlated (r = 0.98, mean difference (SD) = 5.5 ± 9.6 kg, P < 0.05). The app was found to be highly valid and reliable in comparison with a LT. These findings could have valuable practical applications for strength and conditioning coaches who wish to measure barbell velocity in the bench-press exercise.  相似文献   

Clustering performances in the NBA according to players’ anthropometric attributes and playing experience     

Shaoliang Zhang  Alberto Lorenzo  Miguel-Angel Gómez  Nuno Mateus  Bruno Gonçalves  Jaime Sampaio 《Journal of sports sciences》2018,36(22):2511-2520

The aim of this study was: (i) to group basketball players into similar clusters based on a combination of anthropometric characteristics and playing experience; and (ii) explore the distribution of players (included starters and non-starters) from different levels of teams within the obtained clusters. The game-related statistics from 699 regular season balanced games were analyzed using a two-step cluster model and a discriminant analysis. The clustering process allowed identifying five different player profiles: Top height and weight (HW) with low experience, TopHW-LowE; Middle HW with middle experience, MiddleHW-MiddleE; Middle HW with top experience, MiddleHW-TopE; Low HW with low experience, LowHW-LowE; Low HW with middle experience, LowHW-MiddleE. Discriminant analysis showed that TopHW-LowE group was highlighted by two-point field goals made and missed, offensive and defensive rebounds, blocks, and personal fouls; whereas the LowHW-LowE group made fewest passes and touches. The players from weaker teams were mostly distributed in LowHW-LowE group, whereas players from stronger teams were mainly grouped in LowHW-MiddleE group; and players that participated in the finals were allocated in the MiddleHW-MiddleE group. These results provide alternative references for basketball staff concerning the process of evaluating performance.  相似文献   

Application of antigenic biomarkers for Mycobacterium tuberculosis     

Rodríguez-Hernández  Elba  Quintas-Granados  Laura Itzel  Flores-Villalva  Susana  Cantó-Alarcón  Jorge Germinal  Milián-Suazo  Feliciano 《Journal of Zhejiang University. Science. B》2020,21(11):856-870

Journal of Zhejiang University-SCIENCE B - The study and characterization of biomolecules involved in the interaction between mycobacteria and their hosts are crucial to determine their roles in...  相似文献   

Affective influences in the knowledge of mathematics   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Inés María Gómez-Chacón 《Educational Studies in Mathematics》2000,43(2):149-168

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The Identification of High Ability Students: results of a detection process in Navarra (Spain)     

Javier Tourón  Charo Repáraz  Felisa Peralta 《High Ability Studies》1999,10(2):163-181

This article focuses on the development and analysis of a two‐stage early detection process (screening and diagnostic) for high ability students carried out in the region of Navarra (Spain) on a random sample of 1,274 elementary school students. Spanish versions of the Raven Progressive Matrices (SPM), the Renzulli Scales for Rating Behavioural Characteristics of Superior Students (SRBCSS), and participants’ academic achievement were the main variables in the initial screening phase. The Spanish edition of WISC‐R, as well as the Young Children's Academic Intrinsic Motivation Inventory (Gottfried, 1986), and the Self‐concept Questionnaire (Marsh, 1988), were the main variables in the diagnostic phase. The findings of the detection process show that the WISC‐R results were incompatible with those expected in accordance with the normal distribution of IQs. Results may suggest a clear problem with scoring rules, the Spanish norms for the test, or both. These possibilities are discussed in light of the results obtained. The paramount importance of validating and developing adequate instruments for the identification of the gifted is emphasized.  相似文献   

Sensitivity of instrumental responses to an upshift in water deprivation     

Matías López  Concepción Paredes-olay 《Learning & behavior》1999,27(3):280-287

The role of incentive learning in instrumental performance following an upshift in the degree of water deprivation was analyzed in three experiments. In Experiments 1A and 1B, rats trained to perform an instrumental action reinforced by either sucrose or maltodextrin solutions when in a low-deprivation state were shifted to a high-deprivation state and tested in extinction. This shift in water deprivation increased performance only if the animals had been exposed to the reinforcer in the high-deprivation state prior to testing. In Experiment 2, the role of the instrumental contingency in mediating the preexposure effect observed in the first two studies was examined by training rats to make two instrumental actions for different outcomes. The preexposure experience with the outcomes produced a relative increase in performance of the action reinforced with the incentive preexposed in the high-deprivation state when a choice between the two response alternatives was conducted in that state. These experiments support the conclusion that instrumental performance following revaluation of the reinforcer by an upshift in the level of thirst depends on a process of incentive learning.  相似文献   

Eccentric flywheel post-activation potentiation influences swimming start performance kinetics     

Francisco Cuenca-Fernández  Gracia López-Contreras  Luis Mourão  Karla de Jesus  Kelly de Jesus  Rodrigo Zacca 《Journal of sports sciences》2019,37(4):443-451

This study aimed to assess the effects of post-activation potentiation in the strength related variables of a kick start. Thirteen competitive swimmers performed three kick starts after a standardized warm up (denoted USUAL) and another after inducing post-activation through five isotonic repetitions on an eccentric flywheel (denoted PAP). A T-test was used to quantify differences between USUAL and PAP warm up. The best trial of each subject achieved by natural conditions (denoted PEAK) was compared with data obtained after PAP. An instrumented starting block with independent triaxial force plates, collected the strength variables related with the impulse at take off. Improvements in the vertical components of force were observed after PAP compared with USUAL, meanwhile no differences were detected on the horizontal components of it. The velocity at take off was higher after PAP compared with USUAL (4.32 ± 0.88 vs 3.93 ± 0.60 m*s-1; p = 0.02). No differences in force or velocity were detected comparing PAP with PEAK (4.13 ± 0.62 m*s-1, p = 0.11). The PAP warm-up increased vertical force and it was transferred to a higher resultant velocity at take-off. This improvement would equal the best result possible obtained in natural conditions after some trials.  相似文献   

Environmental correlates of total and domain-specific sedentary behaviour in young people. The UP&DOWN study     

Verónica Cabanas-Sánchez  Rocío Izquierdo-Gómez  Laura García-Cervantes  José Castro-Piñero  Julio Conde-Caveda  Oscar L. Veiga 《European Journal of Sport Science》2019,19(5):696-706

This study investigated the associations between the characteristics of the nearby physical environment with the total and domain-specific leisure-time sedentary behaviour (SB) in young people. The study included 1578 youth (9–18 years) from the UP&DOWN study. Total leisure-time SB was objectively-assessed by accelerometers. Participants self-reported the time spent during leisure-time in different domains of SB (i.e. screen-based, educational-based, social-based, and other-based SB). Information regarding the basic characteristics of the house, the perceived neighbourhood environment, the amount of physical activity facilities, equipment and materials attainable at home, and the media equipment available at home and in the own bedroom was collected. Linear mixed models were performed, including school and city as random effects. The availability of yard was related to lower total SB and time spent surfing the Internet in boys, but not in girls. More favourable perceived neighbourhood environment was associated with lower total SB and time spent playing video games in girls, but not in boys. The amount of physical activity materials at home was negatively associated with screen-based SB, while the availability of a computer in the own bedroom was positively related to the time spent surfing the Internet in boys and girls. The number of televisions at home and having a computer in the own bedroom was associated with lower time in educational-based SB in boys and girls, respectively. Increasing the number of PA materials at home and decreasing the number of TVs at home and the availability of a computer in the bedroom could improve SB profiles of youth.  相似文献