How teachers design their materials: Implications for instructional design     

Stephen T. Kerr 《Instructional Science》1981,10(4):363-378

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Leading educational change and improvement at scale: some inconvenient truths about system performance     

Alma Harris  Michelle Jones 《International Journal of Leadership in Education》2017,20(5):632-641

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Reviews: 6     

Stephen J Bostock 《British journal of educational technology : journal of the Council for Educational Technology》2003,34(5):681-682

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Challenges and Opportunities in Religious Education: Re-Considering Practitioners’ Approaches in Scottish Secondary Schools     

Stephen C. Scholes 《Religious education (Chicago, Ill.)》2020,115(2):184-200

Abstract

In Scotland, and particularly with regards to non-denominational RE, known as Religious and Moral Education (RME), a current focus of debates is on how and why practitioners are implementing or deviating from legal and curricular expectations. Using the findings of a small-scale qualitative practitioner enquiry centered on one local education authority in Scotland, this article advances recent discussions and engages with comparative international scholarship by identifying the challenges and opportunities in relation to the provision of RME and arguing that practitioners are motivated by the demands of learners and the priorities of school leaders, rather than official expectations.  相似文献   

The unintended consequences of school inspection: the prevalence of inspection side-effects in Austria,the Czech Republic,England, Ireland,the Netherlands,Sweden, and Switzerland     

Karen L. Jones  Peter Tymms  David Kemethofer  Joe O’Hara  Gerry McNamara  Stephan Huber 《牛津教育评论》2017,43(6):805-822

It has been widely documented that accountability systems, including school inspections, bring with them unintended side effects. These unintended effects are often negative and have the potential to undo the intended positive effects. However the empirical evidence is limited. Through a European comparative study we have had the rare opportunity to collect empirical evidence and study the effects (both intended and unintended) of school inspections (a key system of accountability) in a systematic way, across seven countries. We present the findings of the unintended effects in this paper. Survey self-report responses from school principals in each country, with differing school inspection systems, are analysed to measure the prevalence of these unintended effects and to investigate the part played by pressure to do well in inspections. A key finding is that increasing pressure in school inspection systems is associated with the undesired effect of the narrowing and refocusing of the curriculum and instructional strategies. We also show that a proportion of school principals admit to misrepresenting the school in data sent to the inspectorate and show evidence for formalisation/proceduralisation (excessive focus on records) and ossification (fear of experimentation in teaching), although these factors are less related to changes in pressure.  相似文献   

How do instructional designers evaluate? A qualitative study of evaluation in practice     

David D. Williams  Joseph B. South  Stephen C. Yanchar  Brent G. Wilson  Stephanie Allen 《Educational technology research and development : ETR & D》2011,59(6):885-907

This study employed a qualitative research design to investigate how instructional designers use evaluation in everyday design practice. While past research has examined how designers spend their time, how they generally make decisions, and expert-novice differences, little attention has been paid to use of context, input, process, or product evaluation, from the perspective of practicing designers. Based on interviews of practitioners, our findings included ten themes regarding how designers use evaluation to improve their products. While these results substantiate to some degree the claim that practitioners believe clients will not pay for formal evaluations, they also suggest that practitioners use evaluation in important but less formal ways. Other conclusions regarding the role of evaluation in design are provided and future directions for training and research are discussed.  相似文献   

Neuroscience,Early Childhood Education and Play: We are Doing it Right!     

Stephen Rushton 《Early Childhood Education Journal》2011,39(2):89-94

This editorial examines neuroscience and its impact on the field of education. Starting with a narrative between two young children, the author intertwines research with basic principles of learning, using the interaction between two 4-year-olds to illustrate the precepts. The four principles are: (1) the brain is uniquely organized; (2) the brain is continually growing; (3) a “brain-compatible” classroom enables connection of learning to positive emotions; and (4) children’s brains need to be immersed in real-life, hands-on, and meaningful learning experiences. The editorial concludes with an illustration of how the brain works while two children are playing at the small animal center in their classroom.  相似文献   

Organizational Characteristics and Use of Personal Computer Software by Graduate Students in Makerere University     

Bakkabulindi Fred Edward K.  Oyebade Stephen Adebanjo 《美中教育评论》2011,(3):331-338

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Between eclecticism and orthodoxy in instructional design     

Stephen C. Yanchar  Bruce W. Gabbitas 《Educational technology research and development : ETR & D》2011,59(3):383-398

This paper presents the concept of critical flexibility as an alternative to eclecticism in instructional design. Eclecticism is often viewed as a persuasive alternative to theoretical orthodoxy (i.e., rigid use of a single perspective or process) due to the openness and flexibility it purports to offer. In contrast, the authors argue that eclecticism ignores or discourages critical reflection regarding background understanding (e.g., implicit assumptions and values) and perpetuates the lack of openness and flexibility commonly associated with orthodoxy. Critical flexibility, as an alternative to eclecticism, emphasizes an awareness of background understanding, but construes it as capable of being explicated, critically examined, adjusted in specific contexts, and refined or developed over time to facilitate increasingly flexible and effective design practices. The authors clarify the nature of critical flexibility as a general way of being involved in the design process, suggest how it helps overcome the traditional theory–practice split, and discuss several of its implications for scholarship and training.  相似文献   

Development of a set of scales to measure selected scientific attitudes     

Bruce Jones  Bill Butts 《Research in Science Education》1983,13(1):133-140

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