Motivation and Exercise Dependence     

David González-Cutre  Álvaro Sicilia 《Research quarterly for exercise and sport》2013,84(2):318-329

The objective of this study was to use self-determination theory to analyze the relationships of several motivational variables with exercise dependence. The study involved 531 exercisers, ranging in age from 16 to 60 years old, who responded to different questionnaires assessing perception of motivational climate, satisfaction of basic psychological needs, motivation types, and exercise dependence. The results of multiple mediation analysis revealed that ego-involving climate and perceived competence positively predicted exercise dependence in a directed and mediated manner through introjected and external regulation. Gender and age did not moderate the analyzed relationships. These results allow us to better understand the motivational process explaining exercise dependence, demonstrating the negative influence of the ego-involving climate in the context of exercise.  相似文献   

The (Re)Emergence of a Religio-Spiritual Self-Cultivation Focus in Asian Martial Arts Monographs Published in Spain (1906–2009)     

Mikel Pérez-Gutiérrez  David H.K. Brown  Eduardo Álvarez-del-Palacio 《国际体育史杂志》2013,30(2):200-217

This article presents one analytical theme emerging from a bibliometric and content analysis of an annotated bibliography, compiled by the first author, comprising 1564 Asian martial arts monographs published in Spain between 1906 and 2009. The analysis reveals that the use of Asian martial arts and religio-spiritual self-cultivation practices, while very old in their indigenous South East Asian context, only appeared in published texts in Spain from the 1960s and this theme has been increasingly written about in the last two decades. In our analytical discussion, we contextualise this shift from a socio-historical perspective, focusing on three aspects: first and second, how this shift in focus in Asian Martial Art publishing fits with the patterns of societal secularisation in Spain, the rise of the New Age movement and counter-cultural spiritualities across Western culture; third, we comment on how, from this broader socio-historical context, Asian martial arts were well placed to fill ‘cultural spaces’ created by these changes.  相似文献   

List of Reviewers     

Coral Falco  Javier Molina-García  Octavio Álvarez  Isaac Estevan 《Sports biomechanics / International Society of Biomechanics in Sports》2013,12(4):381-382

The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of target distance on temporal and impact force parameters that are important performance factors in taekwondo kicks. Forty-nine taekwondo athletes (age = 24.5 ± 5.9 years; mass = 79.9 ± 10.8 kg) were recruited: 13 male experts, 21 male novices, 8 female experts, and 6 female novices. Impact force, reaction time, and execution time were computed. Three-way repeated measure ANOVAs revealed significant ‘distance’ effect on impact force, reaction time, and execution time (p = 0.001). Comparisons between distance conditions revealed that taekwondo athletes kicked with higher impact force from short distance (17.6 ± 7.5 N/kg) than from long distance (13.1 ± 5.7 N/kg) (p < 0.001), had lower reaction time from short distance (498 ± 90 ms) and normal distance (521 ± 111 ms) than from long distance (602 ± 121 ms) (p < 0.001), and had lower execution time from short distance (261 ± 69 ms/m) than from normal distance (306 ± 105 ms/m) or from long distance (350 ± 106 ms/m) (p = 0.003 and p < 0.001, respectively). In conclusion, target distance affected the kick performance; as distance increases, impact force decreased and reaction time increased. Therefore, when reaction to a simple visual stimulus is needed, kicking from a long distance is not recommended, as longer time is required to respond.  相似文献   

Tensiomyography parameters and jumping and sprinting performance in Brazilian elite soccer players     

Saulo Gil  Irineu Loturco  Valmor Tricoli  Carlos Ugrinowitsch  Ronaldo Kobal  Cesar Cavinato Cal Abad 《Sports biomechanics / International Society of Biomechanics in Sports》2013,12(3):340-350

Tensiomyography has been suggested as an indirect marker of muscle stiffness, which is associated with strength/power performance. Therefore, it is reasonable to suggest that tensiomyography parameters could be associated with power-related motor tasks. The purpose of this study was to investigate the association between tensiomyography parameters (from rectus and biceps femoris) and jumping and sprinting abilities in elite soccer players. In addition, we used tensiomyography parameters to compare the lateral symmetry between dominant and non-dominant legs. Twenty elite soccer players (age: 23.3 ± 4.8 years; height: 183.5 ± 6.6 cm; weight: 77.8 ± 7.5 kg) volunteered to participate in the study. Significant moderate negative correlations between biceps femoris displacement and contact time (r = –0.5, p = 0.03), rectus femoris displacement and contact time (r = –0.51, p = 0.02), and a significant moderate correlation between biceps femoris displacement and reactive strength index (r = 0.5, p = 0.03) were found. There were no correlations between tensiomyography parameters and power-related motor tasks. In addition, no differences in tensiomyography parameters between dominant and non-dominant legs were found. Our data suggest that tensiomyography parameters are not associated with power-related motor tasks performance in elite soccer players.  相似文献   

Pre-service Teachers’ False Beliefs in Superstitions and Pseudosciences in Relation to Science and Technology     

Fuertes-Prieto  Miguel Ángel  Andrés-Sánchez  Santiago  Corrochano-Fernández  Diego  Urones-Jambrina  Carmen  Delgado-Martín  Mª Laura  Herrero-Teijón  Pablo  Ruiz  Camilo 《Science & Education》2020,29(5):1235-1254

Science & Education - In order to increase scientific competence within the general population, it is important that teachers and educators have a realistic image of science and scientists,...  相似文献   

The role of habituation of the response to LiCl in the US-preexposure effect     

de Brugada I  González F  Gil M  Hall G 《Learning & behavior》2005,33(3):363-370

In two experiments, rats received preexposure consisting of six intraperitoneal injections of lithium chloride (LiCl). This treatment reduced the magnitude of the unconditioned response (UR; suppressed consumption of a novel flavor) evoked by an additional injection (Experiment 1) or by oral consumption (Experiment 2) of LiCl. In both experiments, preexposure also attenuated the acquisition of a conditioned aversion with an LiCl injection as the unconditioned stimulus (US) but had no effect on the aversion produced when the US was oral consumption of LiCl (Experiment 2). These results are consistent with the view that the reduced ability of the preexposed US to serve as a reinforcer depends on blocking by injection-related cues and is independent of habituation of the UR recorded in the present study. Possible interpretations of this dissociation are discussed.  相似文献   

Brain,Brow, and Booty: Latina Iconicity in U.S. Popular Culture     

ISABEL MOLINA GUZMÁN  ANGHARAD N. VALDIVIA 《The Communication Review》2013,16(2):205-221

We were shooting on the steps of the Metropolitan Museum one night. It was lit romantically, and Jennifer was wearing an evening gown, looking incredibly stunning. Suddenly there must have been a thousand people screaming her name. It was like witnessing this icon. (Ralph Fiennes in the New York Times, 2002, p. 16, emphasis added)

This stamp, honoring a Mexican artist who has transcended “la frontera” and has become and icon to Hispanics, feminists, and art lovers, will be a further reminder of the continuous cultural contributions of Latinos to the United States. (Cecilia Alvear, President of National Association of Hispanic Journalists (NAHJ) on the occasion of the introduction of the Frida Kahlo U.S. postage st& 2001; emphasis added)

“Nothing Like the Icon on the Fridge” (column about Salma Hayek’s Frida by Stephanie Zacharek in the New York Times, 2002 Zacharek, S. 2002. The New Season/Movies; Nothing Like the Icon on the Fridge. The New York Times, : 41 Sep.8.Section ZA [Google Scholar]).  相似文献   

A Comparative Citation Analysis of Web of Science,Scopus, and Google Scholar     

Michael Levine-Clark  Esther L. Gil 《Journal of Business & Finance Librarianship》2013,18(1):32-46

This article presents the results of a comparative study of Web of Science (WoS), Scopus, and Google Scholar (GS) for a set of 15 business and economics journals. Citations from the three sources were analyzed to determine whether one source is better than another, or whether a new database such as Scopus, or a free database such as GS could replace WoS. The authors concluded that scholars might want to use alternative tools collectively to get a more complete picture of the scholarly impact of an article.  相似文献   

Spanish Secondary-School Science Teachers’ Beliefs About Science-Technology-Society (STS) Issues     

Ángel Vázquez-Alonso  Antonio García-Carmona  María Antonia Manassero-Mas  Antoni Bennàssar-Roig 《Science & Education》2013,22(5):1191-1218

This study analyzes the beliefs about science-technology-society, and other Nature of Science (NOS) themes, of a large sample (613) of Spanish pre- and in-service secondary education teachers through their responses to 30 items of the Questionnaire of Opinions on Science, Technology and Society. The data were processed by means of a multiple response model to generate the belief indices used as the bases for subsequent quantitative and qualitative analyses. Other studies have reported a negative profile of teachers’ understanding in this area, but the diagnosis emerging from the present work is more complex. There was a mix of appropriate beliefs coexisting with others that are inappropriate on the topics analyzed. The overall assessment, however, is negative since clearly teachers need to have a better understanding of these questions. There were scant differences between the pre- and in-service teachers, and hence no decisive evidence that the practice of teaching contributes to improving the in-service teachers’ understanding. These results suggest there is an urgent need to bring the initial and continuing education of science teachers up to date to improve their understanding of these topics of science curricula, and thus improve the teaching of science.  相似文献   

Psicología Educativa y Didáctica de las ciencias: los procesos de enseñanza/aprendizaje de las ciencias como lugar de encuentro     

Daniel Gil 《Infancia y Aprendizaje》2013,36(62-63):171-186

Resumen

Se cuestiona el rechazo aprioristico de buena parte del profesorado de ciencias (incluido el implicado en innovaciones e investigaciones didácticas) hacia las «ciencias de la educación» en general, cuyas contribuciones son consideradas, sin apenas matizaciones, «abstractas», «puramente librescas» y «producidas sin contacto con la realidad de las aulas».

Se cuestiona igualmente la consideración de la didáctica de las ciencias como campo de «aplicación» y se fundamenta la necesidad de reconocerla como un dominio específico de conocimientos que no queda subsumido en el de la psicología educativa ni se reduce a una dimensión práctica.

Se avanzan, por último, algunas propuestas de cooperación.  相似文献