Nordic walking practice might improve plantar pressure distribution     

Pérez-Soriano P  Llana-Belloch S  Martínez-Nova A  Morey-Klapsing G  Encarnación-Martínez A 《Research quarterly for exercise and sport》2011,82(4):593-599

Nordic walking (NW), characterized by the use of two walking poles, is becoming increasingly popular (Morgulec-Adamowicz, Marszalek, & Jagustyn, 2011). We studied walking pressure patterns of 20 experienced and 30 beginner Nordic walkers. Plantar pressures from nine foot zones were measured during trials performed at two walking speeds (preferred and 20% faster), and under two walking conditions (NW vs. normal walking). In comparison to normal walking, NW experience led to a significant (p < .05) pressure reduction of about 50% on the central metatarsals. No significant increases were detected in other foot regions. The differences between experienced and beginners during normal walking including a 40% pressure reduction on the metatarsal area, suggests that regular NW practice might also have a beneficial effect on plantar pressure when walking without poles.  相似文献   

Revisiting Quality Television: Audience Perceptions     

Alberto Bayo-Moriones  Cristina Etayo  Alfonso Sánchez-Tabernero 《媒体管理杂志》2013,15(3):193-215

ABSTRACT

This article analyzes what the audience understands by the concept of quality as applied to television channels. This research also examines the influence of the perceived quality of the different programs broadcasted by a channel on the perceived quality of the whole channel. The empirical part is based on the answers provided by a sample of 405 respondents in Spain. The factors found to be associated with the idea of quality television by the audience are somewhat different depending on the method used to assess it, which points to the existence of social desirability bias when asking directly about it. Notwithstanding these differences, entertainment is the characteristic that the audience most consistently associates with the concept of quality in television channels. The results also show that news programs, movies and magazines, and talk shows are the genres with a greatest influence on the assessment of the quality of a television channel by the audience.  相似文献   

Instrucción,aprendizaje e interacción profesor-alumno. Un estudio de observación en el aula     

María Cruz García  Alberto Rosa  Ignacio Montero  Etiedem 《Infancia y Aprendizaje》2013,36(51-52):79-97

Resumen

Este trabajo aborda el estudio de la incidencia de los procesos de enseñanza en el aumento de conocimientos y destrezas de un grupo de niños paralíticos cerebrales en los primeros ciclos de enseñanza formal. Ello se hace a través de la puesta en relación de la ganancia que los sujetos manifiestan en sus rendimientos en una prueba criterial con datos de observaciones sobre las actividades realizadas en el aula. Los resultados muestran la existencia de un progreso en todas las áreas evaluadas, sin que parezca influir el nivel de afectación motora o del habla. Se observa que sólo menos de un tercio de las tareas escolares se plantean por encima del nivel de conocimientos previos del alumno, en estos casos la forma de interacción entre alumno y profesor toman características peculiares que permiten caracterizar la forma de trabajo en la zona de desarrollo próximo.  相似文献   

Learning with Adults: A Critical Pedagogical Introduction     

Carlos Alberto Torres 《International Journal of Lifelong Education》2013,32(6):846-848

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Why is it Difficult to Grasp the Impacts of the Portuguese Quality Assurance System?     

Amélia Veiga  Maria João Rosa  Diana Dias  Alberto Amaral 《European Journal of Education》2013,48(3):454-470

This article analyses the impacts of the Portuguese quality assurance system on academic cultures, using the Cultural Theory proposed by Douglas (1970, 1982) and developed by Thompson, Ellis and Wildavsky (1990) as an explanatory framework for Portuguese academics' preference formation in relation to quality assessment. The Portuguese higher education system has been undergoing a change of paradigm by moving from traditional collegial system to a legal framework influenced by New Public Management. The former institutional context, where academic collegiality was the basis of democratic decision, promoted the egalitarian way of life, where the group dimension is stronger. However, recent legislation has promoted two different logics. On the one hand it has decreased the influence of the group dimension by favouring individualistic values and beliefs. On the other, it has reinforced the grid dimension through greater centralisation of power and separation of roles of universities and polytechnics, thus promoting the hierarchic way of life. The new legislation framework has produced changes that have strongly modified traditional governance structures and mechanisms and are likely to affect academics' perceptions of quality assurance processes and impacts as much as they influence the development of beliefs and values.  相似文献   

Comparing the Fit of Item Response Theory and Factor Analysis Models     

Alberto Maydeu-Olivares  Li Cai  Adolfo Hernández 《Structural equation modeling》2013,20(3):333-356

Linear factor analysis (FA) models can be reliably tested using test statistics based on residual covariances. We show that the same statistics can be used to reliably test the fit of item response theory (IRT) models for ordinal data (under some conditions). Hence, the fit of an FA model and of an IRT model to the same data set can now be compared. When applied to a binary data set, our experience suggests that IRT and FA models yield similar fits. However, when the data are polytomous ordinal, IRT models yield a better fit because they involve a higher number of parameters. But when fit is assessed using the root mean square error of approximation (RMSEA), similar fits are obtained again. We explain why. These test statistics have little power to distinguish between FA and IRT models; they are unable to detect that linear FA is misspecified when applied to ordinal data generated under an IRT model.  相似文献   

College Students’ Perceptions of Prejudice and Discrimination and Their Feelings of Alienation: A Construct Validation Approach 1     

Alberto F. Cabrera  Amaury Nora 《Review of Education, Pedagogy & Cultural Studies》2013,35(3-4):387-409

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Match activity and physiological load during a clay-court tennis tournament in elite female players     

Jaime Fernandez-Fernandez  David Sanz-Rivas  Benjamin Fernandez-Garcia  Alberto Mendez-Villanueva 《Journal of sports sciences》2013,31(14):1589-1595

Abstract

The aim of this study was to determine the match activity and physiological demands of women's tennis during a 3-day clay-court tennis tournament. The activity profile of eight players was determined by filming each competitive match with video cameras. Metabolic-perceptual measurements–blood samples and individual ratings of perceived exertion (RPE)–were taken while the players were sitting during permitted changeover breaks in play. The activity profile of the players was as follows: strokes per rally, 2.5 ± 1.6; rally duration, 7.2 ± 5.2 s; rest time between rallies, 15.5 ± 7.3 s; effective playing time, 21.6 ± 6.1%; work-to-rest ratio, 1:2.1. Blood lactate concentration [2.2 ± 0.9 mmol · l^?1 (n = 50) vs. 2.2 ± 0.7 mmol · l^?1 (n = 48)] and RPE values [12.2 ± 2.4 (n = 57) vs. 12 ± 2.3 (n = 57)] were not significantly different (P = 0.65–0.78) between service and return games. The results highlight the importance of taking these factors (i.e. activity patterns and physiological profile) into account when planning training strategies for competitive females players. As such, tennis training regimes should be adapted to the specific demands imposed by match-play in female players on a clay-court surface.  相似文献   

Jean Piaget     

Alberto Munari 《Prospects》1994,24(1-2):311-327

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Biomedical innovation at the laboratory, clinical and commercial interface: A new method for mapping research projects, publications and patents in the field of microarrays     

Andrei Mogoutov  Alberto Cambrosio  Peter Keating  Philippe Mustar   《Journal of Informetrics》2008,2(4):341-353

Using the example of microarrays, one of the constitutive technologies of post-genomic biomedicine, this paper introduces a method for analyzing publications, patents and research grants as proxies for “triple-helix interfaces” between university, industry and government activities. Our method creates bridges that allow one to move seamlessly between publication, patent and research project databases that use different fields and formats, and contain different information. These links do not require pre-defined categories in order to search for correspondences between sub-topics or research areas in the three databases. Finally, our results are not restricted to quantitative information but, rather, allow one to carry out qualitative investigations of the content of research activities. Our approach draws on a combination of text-mining and network analysis/mapping software packages.  相似文献