Psychodata: disassembling the psychological,economic, and statistical infrastructure of ‘social-emotional learning’     

Ben Williamson 《教育政策杂志》2021,36(1):129-154

ABSTRACT

Psychology and economics are powerful sources of expert knowledge in contemporary governance. Social and emotional learning (SEL) is becoming a priority in education policy in many parts of the world. Based on the enumeration of students’ ‘noncognitive’ skills, SEL consists of a ‘psycho-economic’ combination of psychometrics with economic analysis, and is producing novel forms of statistical ‘psychodata’ about students. Constituted by an expanding infrastructure of technologies, metrics, people, money and policies, SEL has travelled transnationally through the advocacy of psychologists, economists, and behavioural scientists, with support from think tank coalitions, philanthropies, software companies, investment schemes, and international organizations. The article examines the emerging SEL infrastructure, identifying how psychological and economics experts are producing policy-relevant scientific knowledge and statistical psychodata to influence the direction of SEL policies. It examines how the OECD Study on Social and Emotional Skills, a large-scale computer-based assessment, makes ‘personality’ an international focus for policy intervention and ‘human capital’ formation, thereby translating measurable socio-emotional indicators into predicted socio-economic outcomes. The SEL measurement infrastructure instantiates psychological governance within education, one underpinned by a political rationality in which society is measured effectively through scientific fact-finding and subjects are managed affectively through psychological intervention.  相似文献   

全球化时代的全球性问题--以环境问题为例     

刘奔 《三明学院学报》2006,23(1):4-7

全球性问题是具有全局性、战略性的重大问题。环境问题已成为现实的全球性问题之一。在经济全球化的时代,环境破坏之提升为全球性问题,其根源在于资本主义生产方式的全球化所造成的一系列社会矛盾。从全球化的视野看环境问题,不能脱离国际经济和国际政治关系。环境问题与社会主义的命运密切相关;在我国,环境问题的解决状况是衡量改革是否坚持社会主义方向的重要标准之一。  相似文献   

Competing sources of stimulus value in anticipatory contrast     

Ben A. Williams  Margaret A. McDevitt 《Learning & behavior》2001,29(4):302-310

In previous studies of anticipatory contrast, identical target components (A and B) preceded either a lower (extinction) or a richer schedule. Higher response rates occurred during the target preceding the lower rate of reinforcement, whereas preference was in favor of the target preceding the richer schedule. In Experiment 1, the response and preference measures were positively related when additional stimuli, with no reinforcement of their own, preceded the target components. The effect of these additional stimuli was presumed to be due to their overshadowing of the Pavlovian association between the target components and their following schedules. Experiment 2 also demonstrated a consistent relation between response rate and preference in a conditioned reinforcement procedure. In the absence of a strong Pavlovian association, anticipatory contrast, like other forms of contrast in free-operant procedures, reflects an increase in the value of the target component with an unchanged reinforcement schedule.  相似文献   

Literacy corps Iran's gamble to conquer illiteracy     

Ben M. Harris 《International Review of Education/Internationale Zeitschrift für Erziehungswissenschaft/Revue internationale l'éducation》1963,9(4):430-437

Summary TheLiteracy Corps program was launched by Iranian government officials in October 1962 as a radical departure from both traditional and modern approaches to illiteracy among rural children. The program has been rapidly formulated and implemented in the midst of many public statements by government officials. As the program has evolved from formulation, to training, to implementation, this observer has grown increasingly skeptical. As a plan it has been hastily conceived and poorly financed. The military flavor that has been maintained in both selecting and training the teachers seems quite useless to, if not destructive of, an effective educational program. The consistent failure to relate the literacy program to an over-all program of teacher training and elementary school development marks Iran'sLiteracy Corps as a stop-gap measure rather than a bold, basic attack on the country's problem of educational opportunity for all its people.

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Literacy corps — Irans Wagnis im Feldzug gegen das Analphabetentum

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Literacy corps — l'aventure de l'Iran dans sa campagne contre l'analphabetisme

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Data for this analytical report were gathered by the author while in Iran as a Fulbright Professor at The University of Tehran, 1962–63.  相似文献   

INTERVENTION PROGRAMS AND RESEARCH IN JEWISH EDUCATION: Issues and Concerns*     

Miriam Ben‐Peretz 《Journal of Jewish Education》2013,79(1-2):11-19

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STILL WORKING AFTER AGE 70: OLDER PROFESSORS IN ACADEME     

Lorraine T. Dorfman 《Educational gerontology》2013,39(8):695-713

The purpose of this interview study was to examine the perceptions and experiences of tenured university professors who continue to work in their career jobs after age 70. The study utilized the case study method to let professors describe in their own voices the personal, professional, and institutional factors in their decision to keep working beyond the conventional retirement age and their plans for the future. The population under investigation was all tenured professors aged 70-74 at a major public research university, the institutions most likely to be impacted by the end of mandatory retirement (Hammond & Morgan, 1991). Content analysis of the interview tapes revealed the following themes: most professors continued to work because they enjoyed it, or felt that it was important to continue their work, perceived the overall atmosphere in their department and the university as positive, felt little institutional pressure to retire, and had no plans to retire. Economic factors played a relatively small role in continuing to work.  相似文献   

Responsibility and School Choice in Education     

Ben Colburn 《Journal of Philosophy of Education》2012,46(2):207-222

Consider the following argument for school choice, based on an appeal to the virtues of the market: allowing parents some measure of choice over their particular children's education ultimately serves the interests of all children, because creating a market mechanism in state education will produce improvements through the same pressures that lead to greater efficiency and quality when markets are deployed in more familiar contexts. The argument fails, because it is committed to a principle of equal concern, which (after analysis) implies that a market in education is acceptable only if it is right to hold children disadvantaged by their parents' poor market choices substantively responsible for the fact. Since that claim is untenable, the market‐based argument for school choice not only fails, but also turns out to rely on principles which in fact condemn the very policy it was supposed to support.  相似文献   

William Shakespeare     

Ben Jonson 《College Teaching》2013,61(3)

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EDUCATIONAL BROKERAGE: A MECHANISM FOR ESTABLISHING ELDERS AS EDUCATORS     

Ben E. Dickerson  Dennis Myers  Wayne C. Seelbach 《Educational gerontology》2013,39(5):349-357

Although frequently underutilized as educators, older adults can be valuable resources to universities, colleges, and communities. This paper examines some reasons for underutilization of elders and suggests an educational brokerage system as a means of maximizing their educational contributions and rewards. A case study of an emerging brokerage system is presented.  相似文献   

General Mass Communications     

Ben H. Bagdikian  R. Buckminster Fuller 《Communication Booknotes Quarterly》2013,44(7):1-2

Ben H. Bagdikian's The Information Machines: Their Impact on Men and the Media.

R. Buckminster Fuller, I Seem To Be A Verb (Bantam D5235, $1.65).  相似文献