An examination of the correlation amongst trunk flexibility,x-factor and clubhead speed in skilled golfers     

Christopher Joyce 《Journal of sports sciences》2017,35(20):2035-2041

Skilled golfers are reported to be more flexible than lesser able golfers, which may assist in increased x-factor (shoulder–pelvis separation) at the top of the backswing. However, it is unknown if increased flexibility produces faster clubhead speed. The aim of this study was to investigate the correlations amongst trunk flexibility and x-factor, as well as the association between flexibility and clubhead speed in low handicap golfers. Fifteen low handicap male golfers who displayed a modern swing, had their trunk static anatomical end-range of motion (flexibility) and driver swing kinematics were measured. Although Pearson correlations revealed trunk extension and lateral bending were moderately related to x-factor, axial rotation flexibility was not. A generalised linear model (GLM) reported three axial rotation flexibility variables, and six golf swing kinematic variables were associated with faster clubhead speed. The Pearson correlation results suggest that skilled golfers who have increased axial rotation flexibility do not necessarily utilise it to increase x-factor, and the GLM results support the importance of multisegment flexibility and interaction for improving golf performance with skilled golfers.  相似文献   

Self-ratings versus teacher-ratings of adolescents' type A behavior pattern in the normal classroom     

Christopher F. Sharpley  Anne-Maree James  Andrew Mavroudis 《Psychology in the schools》1993,30(2):119-124

Self-ratings versus teacher-ratings of adolescents' Type A Behavior Pattern were compared with 80 eighth-grade and 70 eleventh-grade teenagers from a typical high school in Melbourne, Australia. Data indicated that there were significant differences in the ratings from these two sources, with little predictive power from teachers' ratings to adolescents' ratings. Implications for the reliable and comprehensive assessment of adolescents' Type A Behavior Pattern are discussed.  相似文献   

Visible models of course organization     

Stephen Yelon  Christopher Reznich 《Performance Improvement》1992,31(6):7-11

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An exploratory investigation to detect cross-cultural differences on the PPVT-R     

Christopher F. Sharpley  Jillian M. Stone 《Psychology in the schools》1985,22(4):383-386

The Revised Peabody Picture Vocabulary Test (PPVT-R) was administered to 410 nonreferred Australian children to determine if significant cultural differences were apparent on either Form L or M of the revised test. Data indicated that there were differences that, while statistically nonsigniffcant, could lead to inaccurate clinical classification if all the American items and norms were used. It appears that the PPVT-R is not significantly culturally biased towards white, middle-class children from the USA, and may be used in Australia, but with some care. Implications for practitioners are discussed, with suggestions made to overcome the presence of some minor problems due to lack of familiarity of terms used in some items of the PPVT-R.  相似文献   

Teachers' ratings vs standardized tests: An empirical investigation of agreement between two indices of achievement     

Christopher F. Sharpley  Elizabeth Edgar 《Psychology in the schools》1986,23(1):106-111

The degree of correlation between teachers' ratings of vocabulary, comprehension, mathematics, and verbal intelligence with scores from the Progressive Achievement Tests (PAT) plus the Peabody Picture Vocabulary Test-Revised (PPVT-R) was assessed with 120 boys and 110 girls aged 8.6 to 10.5 years in three southeastern suburban state schools in Melbourne. Teachers' ratings of students' general attitude also were collected. While results indicated that significant correlations did exist between data from the two sets of measures, these accounted for only small amounts of the total variance, suggesting that two almost discrete domains of information were being tapped. The need for reconciliation between these two domains is discussed and the presence of sex bias in teachers' ratings is raised for further study.  相似文献   

Conflict of Learning Styles: University Science Lectures in the Sultanate of Oman     

Arden-Close  Christopher 《Journal of Science Education and Technology》1999,8(4):323-332

This article examines the differing learning styles found in western lecturers and Omani students in science lectures in the Sultanate of Oman. Oman is a country which modernized very recently, and students there were encountering western lecturers and lecturing methods for the first time. The western lecturers found the Omani approach to science, which they characterized as memorization deficient and wished to introduce a problem-solving approach. However, it is argued that some memorization occurs in all learning of science everywhere, that the Omani approach has its merits, and that a major problem in these lectures was the lack of knowledge of Omani and Arabic culture in the lecturers. It is argued that all learning takes place by matching new knowledge and methods with previous ones, and that to successfully lecture to the Omani students the lecturers would need to research further into ways in which their approach could have built on, rather than replaced entirely, the Omani approach. The article is based on interviews with the lecturers and extracts from the lectures, which were recorded and transcribed by the writer.  相似文献   

Coinage and Coin Use in Medieval Italy     

Christopher Heath 《Al-Masaq: Islam & the Medieval Mediterranean》2014,26(3):331-333

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Perceptual-cognitive expertise in sport: a meta-analysis   总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5  

Mann DT  Williams AM  Ward P  Janelle CM 《运动与训练心理学杂志》2007,29(4):457-478

Research focusing on perceptual-cognitive skill in sport is abundant. However, the existing qualitative syntheses of this research lack the quantitative detail necessary to determine the magnitude of differences between groups of varying levels of skills, thereby limiting the theoretical and practical contribution of this body of literature. We present a meta-analytic review focusing on perceptual-cognitive skill in sport (N = 42 studies, 388 effect sizes) with the primary aim of quantifying expertise differences. Effects were calculated for a variety of dependent measures (i.e., response accuracy, response time, number of visual fixations, visual fixation duration, and quiet eye period) using point-biserial correlation. Results indicated that experts are better than nonexperts in picking up perceptual cues, as revealed by measures of response accuracy and response time. Systematic differences in visual search behaviors were also observed, with experts using fewer fixations of longer duration, including prolonged quiet eye periods, compared with non-experts. Several factors (e.g., sport type, research paradigm employed, and stimulus presentation modality) significantly moderated the relationship between level of expertise and perceptual-cognitive skill. Practical and theoretical implications are presented and suggestions for empirical work are provided.  相似文献   

Old dogs, new tricks: training the perceptual skills of senior tennis players     

Caserta RJ  Young J  Janelle CM 《运动与训练心理学杂志》2007,29(4):479-497

The purpose of the study was to determine whether multidimensional perceptual-cognitive skills training, including situational awareness, anticipation, and decision making, improves on-court performance in older adults when compared with a physical training program, including stroke and footwork development. Senior tennis players (N = 27) were randomly assigned to one of three groups: perceptual-cognitive skills training, technique-footwork training, or no training. Results indicated that participants receiving perceptual-cognitive skills training had significantly faster response speeds, higher percentage of accurate responses, and higher percentage of performance decision making in posttest match situations. Findings provide clear evidence that perceptual-cognitive skills can be trained in aged individuals. Implications and suggestions for future research are offered.  相似文献   

Graded hypoxia and blood oxidative stress during exercise recovery     

Bridget Peters  Christopher Ballmann  Graham Mcginnis  Erin Epstein  Hayden Hyatt  Dustin Slivka 《Journal of sports sciences》2016,34(1):56-66

Altitude exposure and exercise elicit oxidative stress in blood; however, exercise recovery at 5000 m attenuates oxidative stress. The purpose was to determine the altitude threshold at which blood oxidative stress is blunted during exercise recovery. Twelve males 18–28 years performed four-cycle ergometry bouts (60 min, 70% VO_2max, at 975 m). In a randomised counterbalanced crossover design, participants recovered 6 h at 0, 1667, 3333 and 5000 m in a normobaric hypoxia chamber (recovery altitudes were simulated by using a computerised system in an environmental chamber by lowering the partial pressure of oxygen to match that of the respective altitude). Oxygen saturation was monitored throughout exercise recovery. Blood samples obtained pre-, post-, 1 h post- and 5 h post-exercise were assayed for ferric-reducing antioxidant plasma, Trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity, uric acid, lipid hydroperoxides and protein carbonyls. Muscle biopsies obtained pre and 6 h were analysed by real-time polymerase chain reaction to quantify expression of hemeoxgenase 1, superoxide dismutase 2 and nuclear factor (euthyroid-derived 2)-like factor. Pulse oximetry data were similar during exercise, but decreased for the three highest recovery elevations (0 m = 0%, 1667 m = ?3%; 3333 m = ?7%; 5000 m = ?17%). A time-dependent oxidative stress occurred following exercise for all variables, but the two highest recovery altitudes partially attenuated the lipid hydroperoxide response (0 m = +135%, 1667 m = +251%, 3333 m = +99%; 5000 m = +108%). Data may indicate an altitude threshold between 1667 and 3333 m, above which the oxidative stress response is blunted during exercise recovery.  相似文献