The (Re)Emergence of a Religio-Spiritual Self-Cultivation Focus in Asian Martial Arts Monographs Published in Spain (1906–2009)     

Mikel Pérez-Gutiérrez  David H.K. Brown  Eduardo Álvarez-del-Palacio 《国际体育史杂志》2013,30(2):200-217

This article presents one analytical theme emerging from a bibliometric and content analysis of an annotated bibliography, compiled by the first author, comprising 1564 Asian martial arts monographs published in Spain between 1906 and 2009. The analysis reveals that the use of Asian martial arts and religio-spiritual self-cultivation practices, while very old in their indigenous South East Asian context, only appeared in published texts in Spain from the 1960s and this theme has been increasingly written about in the last two decades. In our analytical discussion, we contextualise this shift from a socio-historical perspective, focusing on three aspects: first and second, how this shift in focus in Asian Martial Art publishing fits with the patterns of societal secularisation in Spain, the rise of the New Age movement and counter-cultural spiritualities across Western culture; third, we comment on how, from this broader socio-historical context, Asian martial arts were well placed to fill ‘cultural spaces’ created by these changes.  相似文献   

Comparative analysis of expectancies of efficacy in in-service and prospective teachers   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Manuel J. de la Torre Cruz  Pedro F. Casanova Arias 《Teaching and Teacher Education》2007

This study examines the beliefs about effective teaching in student teachers and inservice teachers. We constructed a measurement composed of an adaptation in Spanish of the Gibson and Dembo's (1984. Teacher efficacy: A construct validation. Journal of Educational Psychology, 76, 569–582). Teacher Efficacy Scale and of the items included in Emmer and Hickman's (1991. Teacher efficacy in classroom management and discipline. Educational and Psychological Measurement, 51, 755–765) “classroom management/discipline efficacy” dimension. A total of 339 participants took part in the study. The factor analysis carried out of the results obtained showed three principal factors: classroom management/discipline efficacy, personal teaching efficacy and general teaching efficacy. Analyses which compared efficacy expectancies showed significant differences in the management and discipline dimension in favour of the group of working teachers, whereas an opposite pattern emerged in the general teaching dimension. In addition, there were differences in the management/discipline dimension in terms of the number of years’ experience in the group of inservice teachers. The interpretation of the results is expressed in terms of the Bandura's perceived self-efficacy theory. We also indicate some implications that the analysis of these expectancies may have for the training and professional development of teachers, and we suggest lines for future research.  相似文献   

History of education in Brazil: the construction of a knowledge field     

José Gonçalves Gondra  Carlos Eduardo Vieira  Regina Helena Silva Simões  Claudia Engler Cury 《Paedagogica Historica: International Journal of the History of Education》2014,50(6):822-829

This article analyses the general characteristics of the construction of the field of history of education in Brazil. To do so, it highlights the existing historiography and aims to describe the process of institutionalisation of this knowledge field, which, in general terms, has been focused on the area of teacher training. Since the nineteenth century, however, it has also been possible to identify systematic historiographical efforts in Brazil that are not directly related to the school system, but rather to the teaching of and research into the history of education within Brazilian universities. The article addresses the organisation of the field, the ways in which it has been structured and the strategies of academic legitimisation employed to achieve this. These include the regular production of dissertations and doctoral theses, the publication of books and journals, academic events and the creation of research groups and scientific associations, through which research findings have found national and international circulation. This set of indicators creates conditions for an understanding of the expansion and reconfiguration of the field of history of education that began in the 1980s, as well as of the challenges this phenomenon presents to current historiography and teacher training in Brazil.  相似文献   

The somatic marker as a “short cut” to verbal immediacy     

Mark Hickson III  Joshua Turner  Larry Powell  Eduardo Neiva  Carol T. Adams 《Communication Research Reports》2013,30(4):389-398

This study examined the relationships between the somatic‐marker hypothesis, developed by Damasio (1994) as it relates to homophily and verbal immediacy in the classroom. Damasio has hypothesized that when particular events occur in one's life, there is a “memory” of that event in the brain. As a result, when a similar event occurs, the somatic marker recreates that first event. Students were provided three different scenarios about the first day of a communication class. In the scenarios, the instructor presented information about himself. One instructor provided only autobiographical, demographic data (the control). Another provided information hozu he had had difficulty with public speaking (the selfish marker). The third provided information about how the instructor had helped someone else who had difficulty in public speaking (the altruistic marker). The results indicated that while homophily differences were not significant, there was a significant difference between the control group and the altruistic marker.  相似文献   

Analysis of the Effect upon the Reliability Coefficient of Changes in Variables Involved in the Estimation of Test Reliability     

Teobaldo Casanova 《Journal of Experimental Education》2013,81(3):219-228

First-year algebra high school students of various ability levels were presented lessons concerning the application of geometry theorems. The lessons varied in terms of the complexity of the examples that were shown. After the lessons, students completed a questionnaire concerning their perceptions of the lessons, and then they were tested over the material covered in the lessons. With test scores as the dependent variable, the main effect due to lesson complexity was not significant. With student perception as the dependent variable, significant main effects due to lesson complexity were identified. Significant interactions between lesson complexity and student ability level were identified also. These results are discussed in terms of teaching secondary school mathematics.  相似文献   

ABRETE SESAMO: Investigación sobre TV infantil     

Eduardo Araujo 《Infancia y Aprendizaje》2013,36(2):55-67

RESUMEN

En 1977 el equipo de estudios para la programación infantil de Televisión Española comenzó a trabajar en un proyecto orientado a elaborar un programa infantil dirigido a un público de 3 a 6 años de un nivel socioeconómico deprimido. Se tomó como modelo, “Sesame Street”, un programa de una cadena americana con unos objetivos pedagógicos determinados emitiéndose en este país. El trabajo que se presenta es una investigación formativa llevada a cabo para proporcionar a esta nueva serie una orientación teórico-práctica lo más acorde posible con la realidad del país.

Fue por tanto necesario realizar algunos cambios e incluir temas ausentes en el programa americano, pero considerados importantes aquí. Finalmente, se describe el esquema ideal de metas pedagógicas de este nuevo programa denominado Barrio Sésamo.  相似文献   

Diferencias evolutivas en procesamiento de textos mediante una tarea de ordenación de frases     

Eduardo Vidal-Abarca 《Infancia y Aprendizaje》2013,36(61):89-106

Resumen

Este estudio presenta los resultados de una investigación en la que se describen algunas diferencias evolutivas en el procesamiento de la prosa expositiva. Treinta y cinco chicos de diferentes edades, 12 de 5.^o de E.G.B., 12 de 8.^o de E.G.B, y 11 de 3.^o B.U.P y F.P. (10, 13 y 16 años respectivamente), realizaron una tarea de ordenación de frases para formar un texto coherente. Había un total de tres textos de tipo expositivo, constando cada uno de seis oraciones. Se tomaron varias medidas en cada texto: una primera de ordenación global, otra de supraordenación, una tercera de coherencia local (conexiones entre seis pares de frases), y una última medida de errores de conexión. Los resultados confirman una clara tendencia evolutiva en todas las medidas empleadas. Finalmente, se discuten los resultados relacionándolos con otros estudios que analizan el desarrollo de estrategias de comprensión, y se comentan varias repercusiones educativas del trabajo, así como algunas cuestiones abiertas.  相似文献   

Coherence estimate between a random and a periodic signal: Bias, variance, analytical critical values, and normalizing transforms     

Antonio Mauricio F.L. Miranda de S  Danton D. Ferreira  Edson W. Dias  Eduardo M.A.M. Mendes  Leonardo B. Felix 《Journal of The Franklin Institute》2009,346(9):841-853

The present work deals with recent results on the sampling distribution of the magnitude-squared coherence (also called just coherence) estimate between a random (Gaussian) and a periodic signal, in order to obtain analytical critical values, alternative expressions for the probability density function (PDF) as well as the variance and bias of the estimate. A comparison with the more general case of coherence estimation when both signals are Gaussian was also provided. The results indicate that the smaller the true coherence (TC) values the closer both distributions become. The behaviour of variance and bias as a function of the number of data segments and the TC is similar for both coherence estimates. Additionally, the effect of a normalizing function (Fisher's z transform) in the coherence estimated between a random and a periodic signal was also evaluated and normality has been nearly achieved. However, the variance was less equalized in comparison with coherence estimate between two Gaussian signals.  相似文献   

Domestic patents and developing countries: arguments for their study and data from Brazil (1980–1995)     

Eduardo da Motta e Albuquerque 《Research Policy》2000,29(9)

This paper presents data from Brazilian Patent Office (Instituto Nacional de Propriedade Industrial, INPI) and compares them with data from the United States Patent Office (USPTO). Developing countries have technological activities that are important locally but not significant at international level (imitation, local learning, adaptation of foreign innovations). These activities might be patentable only at national level. Therefore, the study of domestic patents of developing countries provides a broader picture than USPTO patents. This paper compares 8309 INPI patents with 475 USPTO patents (between 1980 and 1995). Domestic patent data show peculiarities in the Brazilian case, possibly shared with other countries in similar technological level: (a) high share of individual patents; (b) foreign-owned firms with important activities; (c) low firm involvement in R&D activities. Some characteristics are shared with developed countries: (a) domestic firms as the major patentees; (b) according to firm size, there is a U-shaped distribution of patents; (c) evidences of multi-technology large firms; (d) a relatively small share of firms have more than one patent in the whole period. The contrast between USPTO and national patenting statistics shows different rankings according to ownership structure, leading firms, industrial sectors, and international patent classification. These differences highlight sources of international competitiveness and point to weaknesses in Brazilian innovative activities. This paper concludes evaluating the contributions (and weaknesses) of this database for the evaluation of the Brazilian National System of Innovation.  相似文献   

Effects and prevalence of responders after a multicomponent intervention on cardiometabolic risk factors in children and adolescents with overweight/obesity: Action for health study     

Caroline Brand  Clarice Maria De Lucena Martins  Vanilson Batista Lemes  Maria Luisa Félix Pessoa  Arieli Fernandes Dias  Eduardo Lusa Cadore 《Journal of sports sciences》2020,38(6):682-691

ABSTRACT

This study aimed to verify the effect of a multicomponent intervention on cardiometabolic risk factors (CMRF), and to determine the prevalence of responders on CMRF among children and adolescents with overweight/obesity. This is a quasi-experimental study, developed with 35 children and adolescents with overweight/obesity (control group (CG) = 18; intervention group (IG) = 17), aged between 7 and 13 years. Participants in IG underwent a multicomponent intervention for 12 weeks. The following variables were evaluated: anthropometric measures, maturational stages and CMRF (body fatness, HOMA-IR, triglycerides, high-density and low-density lipoprotein) (HDL-C, LDL-C), total cholesterol (TC), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and AST/ALT ratio. Mixed analysis of variance and the prevalence of responders were used for statistical analysis. There was a significant time x group interaction on body fatness (p < 0.001), HOMA-IR (p = 0.01), HDL-C (p < 0.001), LDL-C (p = 0.009) and TC (p < 0.001). The prevalence of responders for CMRF in IG and CG was respectively: body fatness (47%; 0%; p = 0.04), HOMA-IR (58.8%; 16.6%; p = 0.04); triglycerides (17.6%; 5.5%; p = 0.31); HDL-C (76.4%; 5.5%; p = 0.01), LDL-C (35.3%; 5%; p = 0.08), TC (64.7%; 5%; p = 0.01), AST (5.8%; 0%; p = 0.87), ALT (29.4%; 11.1%; p = 0.24) and AST/ALT ratio (24.4%; 22.2%; p = 0.67). Multicomponent intervention induced positive changes on CMRF along with a higher prevalence of positive adaptations in IG than the CG in some of the cardiometabolic outcomes assessed.  相似文献