Teaching the Inquiry Process Through Experimental Mathematics     

Lara Pudwell 《PRIMUS》2017,27(2):281-292

Abstract

In this paper, we discuss the Experimental Mathematics course taught at Valparaiso University since 2009. We focus on aspects of the course that facilitate students’ abilities to ask and explore their own research questions.  相似文献   

Reforming from “without” by leading from within     

Lara M. Luetkehans PhD  Rhonda S. Robinson PhD 《TechTrends》2002,46(5):13-17

Teacher education programs are facing a range of external pressures today — from shifts in the educational landscape to an ever-expanding curriculum to meet changing standards. In this article we shared how our process of “reforming from without by leading from within” is the beginning of a culture change. Partnership initiatives, newly involved classroom teachers, school liaisons, training for classroom teachers and university faculty alike, all may make a difference in our culture and our efforts. As teacher educators we must adapt our programs to the changing standards for teachers, accountability measures and student testing, and a diverse population. The ETRA faculty at Northern Illinois University lead from within by seizing opportunities in administrative changes, existing partnerships, funding opportunities, and collaborations. Our goal continues to focus on demonstrating that technology innovation may serve an important role in coping with these external pressures and achieving the changes required.  相似文献   

Semantic and Syntactic Proof Productions     

Keith Weber  Lara Alcock 《Educational Studies in Mathematics》2004,56(2-3):209-234

In this paper, we distinguish between two ways that an individual can construct a formal proof. We define a syntactic proof production to occur when the prover draws inferences by manipulating symbolic formulae in a logically permissible way. We define a semantic proof production to occur when the prover uses instantiations of mathematical concepts to guide the formal inferences that he or she draws. We present two independent exploratory case studies from group theory and real analysis that illustrate both types of proofs. We conclude by discussing what types of concept understanding are required for each type of proof production and by illustrating the weaknesses of syntactic proof productions.  相似文献   

Is There a Downside to Anticipating the Upside? Children's and Adults’ Reasoning About How Prior Expectations Shape Future Emotions     

Karen Hjortsvang Lara  Kristin Hansen Lagattuta  Hannah J. Kramer 《Child development》2019,90(4):1170-1184

Four- to 10-year-olds and adults (N = 205) responded to vignettes involving three individuals with different expectations (high, low, and no) for a future event. Participants judged characters’ pre-outcome emotions, as well as predicted and explained their feelings following three events (positive, attenuated, and negative). Although adults rated high-expectation characters more negatively than low-expectation characters after all outcomes, children shared this intuition starting at 6–7 years for negative outcomes, 8–10 years for attenuated, and never for positive. Comparison to baseline (no expectation) indicated that understanding the costs of high expectations emerges first and remains more robust across age than recognition that low expectations carry benefits. Explanation analyses further clarified this developing awareness about the relation between thoughts and emotions over time.  相似文献   

“From the Beginning,I Felt Empowered”: Incorporating an Ecological Approach to Learning in Elementary Science Teacher Education     

Birmingham  Daniel  Smetana  Lara  Coleman  Elizabeth 《Research in Science Education》2019,49(6):1493-1521

Research in Science Education - While a renewed national dialog promotes the importance of science education for future technological and economic viability, students must find science personally...  相似文献   

Multimedia resources designed to support learning from written proofs: an eye-movement study     

Somali Roy  Matthew Inglis  Lara Alcock 《Educational Studies in Mathematics》2017,96(2):249-266

This paper presents two studies of an intervention designed to help undergraduates comprehend mathematical proofs. The intervention used multimedia resources that presented proofs with audio commentary and visual animations designed to focus attention on logical relationships. In study 1, students studied an e-Proof or a standard written proof and their comprehension was assessed in both immediate and delayed tests; the groups performed similarly at immediate test, but the e-Proof group exhibited poorer retention. Study 2 accounted for this unexpected result by using eye-movement analyses to demonstrate that participants who studied an e-Proof exhibited less processing effort when not listening to the audio commentary. We suggest that the extra support offered by e-Proofs disrupts the processes by which students organise information, and thus restricts the extent to which their new understanding is integrated with existing knowledge. We discuss the implications of these results for evaluating teaching innovations and for supporting proof comprehension.  相似文献   

The Role of Attention in the Development of Short-Term Memory: Age Differences in the Verbal Span of Apprehension     

Nelson Cowan  Lara D. Nugent  Emily M. Elliott  Igor Ponomarev  & J. Scott Saults 《Child development》1999,70(5):1082-1097

In previous studies of memory span, participants have attended to the stimuli while they were presented, and therefore have had the opportunity to use a variety of mnemonic strategies. In the main portion of the present study, participants (first- and fourth-grade children, and adults; 24 per age group) carried out a visual task while hearing lists of spoken digits and received a post-list digit recall cue only occasionally, for some lists. Under these conditions, list information presumably must be extracted from a passively held store such as auditory sensory memory. The results suggest that each individual has a core memory capacity limit that can be observed clearly in circumstances in which it cannot be supplemented by mnemonic strategies, and that the capacity limit appears to increase with age during childhood. Other, attention-demanding processes also contribute to memory for attended lists.  相似文献   

The suitability of Sanders’ model for calculation of the propulsive force generated by the hands during sculling motion     

Lara Elena Gomes  Lucas Boeira  Jefferson Fagundes Loss 《Journal of sports sciences》2017,35(10):936-944

This study examined whether Sanders’ model is suitable for estimating accurately the propulsive force generated by the hands’ motion in swimming comparing the calculated force obtained using the model and the measured force during an actual propulsive action. The measured and calculated forces were obtained from 13 swimmers who, while tethered, performed a sculling motion in a prone position for the purpose of displacing the body by moving it forward. Kinematic analyses were conducted to obtain the calculated force, while the measured force was obtained via the use of a load cell. The calculated force was lower than the measured force and accounted for only a small part of the variation in the measured force. The forces could not be used interchangeably, and there were fixed and proportional differences between them. Consequently, this study indicates that Sanders’ model is not suitable for estimating accurately the propulsive force generated by the swimmer’s hands during sculling motion. However, research that integrates analyses from different approaches could result in improvements to the model that would render it applicable for estimating the propulsive forces during movements that are characterised by directional changes of the hands.  相似文献   

Verification policies in Croatian medical biochemistry laboratories: a survey of the practice     

Lara Milevoj Kop inovi&#x;  Gordana Juri i&#x;  Adriana Bokuli&#x;  Ines Vukasovi&#x;  Ivana &#x;elap  Helena i ak  Marija Kocijan i&#x;  Marija Milo&#x;  Mila Lovri&#x;  Marija Siter Kupre&#x;anin  Snjeana Hrabri&#x; Vlah  Manuela Mileti&#x; 《Biochemia medica : ?asopis Hrvatskoga dru?tva medicinskih biokemi?ara / HDMB》2022,32(2)

IntroductionThe aim of this study was to screen practices used in verification procedures for methods/analysers among medical biochemistry laboratories (MBLs) in Croatia. We hypothesized that these procedures differ widely from laboratory to laboratory and wanted to gather specific data on steps used in the verification workflow.Materials and methodsIn order to obtain data, an online survey was conducted. The survey, divided in two sections, contained 29 questions and statements addressing general characteristics and specific steps of the verification workflow of each individual MBL. The survey was disseminated among managers of all MBLs in Croatia.ResultsA total of 108/196 (55%) laboratories participated in the survey. Forty nine MBLs were excluded from the second part of the survey: 14 have not implemented verification procedures, and 35 MBLs due to the absence of answers. The most relevant results of the second part of the survey showed that: 18/59 (0.31) of the responding MBLs have difficulties when defining acceptance criteria, 27/59 (0.46) used the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute protocol for precision estimation; the majority of MBLs used a median of 20 samples for method/analyser comparisons and estimated bias using internal quality control samples; reference intervals provided by external sources are mainly adopted; 60% of MBLs do not include linearity verification in their protocol and do not use the national document for the estimation of measurement uncertainty.ConclusionsHeterogeneous verification protocols are routinely utilized across Croatian MBLs which clearly confirms that a national document might help in the harmonization of verification procedures.  相似文献   

Applying the EFQM model to golf course management     

Mª Ángeles Iglesias Madrigal  José Ángel Sanz Lara 《Journal of Sport Tourism》2017,21(3):223-241

The European Foundation for Quality Management (EFQM) Excellence Model provides guidance and support for business organisations to improve their quality management. This goal is attained by examining the relations among the several criteria that are defined and included in the model – the Enablers and the Results – albeit without going deeply into their empirical correlations. Our research focuses on the sport industry and, more particularly, on golf-related services and facilities. We analyse their management and performance. The goal is to conduct an empirical study of golf courses making up the supply in a Spanish inland region. On the basis of data and assessments contributed by the participating sample – and by resorting to multivariate statistical analysis – we pinpoint the influence of all Enablers identified by the EFQM Model, as well as their impact on the Results criteria. Correlations designed and empirically quantified make it possible for us to confirm the theoretical interrelations that the EFQM Model proposes between the defined criteria. The structural model thus obtained allows us to design a map that plots the relationships across the several criteria defined by the EFQM Model, one which portrays present-day approaches to management put into practice by the golf courses under scrutiny.  相似文献