育人先育心     

B·A·苏霍姆林斯基  刘伦振 《当代教育科学》1990,(1)

“我1966年毕业于师范学院。但教书的时间不长,因为我被选举为共青团区委第一书记。我记得区党委的一位同志当时对我说:你是教师,共青团工作嘛,跟学校工作是同一回事,主要的是育人。“我已经当了五个月的书记。我区地处农村,学生团员几乎占百分之七十。困难不少。我有时参加会,有时跟青年男女交谈,发现他们对讨论和决定的事情压根儿无所  相似文献   

树立教师良好的“第一印象”     

戈春华 《苏州教育学院学报》1997,(3)

在教育实践中,我们不难看到这样的实例,某老师接到一个新班,与小学生刚接触不久,就很受学生的欢迎,身边时常有许多可爱的孩子围着。这位老师怎么会如此受学生欢迎的呢?原来,是他（她）给学生留下了一个良好的“第一印象”！所谓“第一印象”,是指人们对初次相遇的人或事物所获得的印象。虽然“第一印象”是一种短期印象,但它往往会成为定势,并影响以后的长期印象。在人际关系中,人们常常将“第一印象”作为与他人交往的依据。为什么“第一印象”对小学生有如此大的作用呢?因为,小学生情感色彩浓,但知识贫乏,缺乏对人的客观评价能力。因此,他们评价、衡量一位新老师的好、坏,几乎完全依赖于”第一印象”。谁能做到给学生留下一个好的“第一印象”,谁就会受到学生的欢迎。可见,树立教师良好的“第一印象”,对于接新班的老师,尤其是班主任来说,是一个极有研究价值的课题,而对那些刚踏上工作岗位的新教师,则显得更加重要。那么,如何树立教师良好的“第一印象”呢?通过实践,我的体会是:可以从以下五个“第一”入手:  相似文献   

Parameters in television captioning for deaf and hard-of-hearing adults: effects of caption rate versus text reduction on comprehension     

Burnham D  Leigh G  Noble W  Jones C  Tyler M  Grebennikov L  Varley A 《Journal of deaf studies and deaf education》2008,13(3):391-404

Caption rate and text reduction are factors that appear to affect the comprehension of captions by people who are deaf or hard of hearing. These 2 factors are confounded in everyday captioning; rate (in words per minute) is slowed by text reduction. In this study, caption rate and text reduction were manipulated independently in 2 experiments to assess any differential effects and possible benefits for comprehension by deaf and hard-of-hearing adults. Volunteers for the study included adults with a range of reading levels, self-reported hearing status, and different communication and language preferences. Results indicate that caption rate (at 130, 180, 230 words per minute) and text reduction (at 84%, 92%, and 100% original text) have different effects for different adult users, depending on hearing status, age, and reading level. In particular, reading level emerges as a dominant factor: more proficient readers show better comprehension than poor readers and are better able to benefit from caption rate and, to some extent, text reduction modifications.  相似文献   

Correlates of parental differential treatment: parental and contextual factors during middle childhood     

Atzaba-Poria N  Pike A 《Child development》2008,79(1):217-232

The current study examined whether parental and contextual risk factors contribute to mothers' and fathers' differential treatment (MDT/FDT) when accounting for sibling dyad characteristics. Also explored was whether family type (single mothers vs. 2 parents) moderated the links between the parental and contextual correlates and MDT. One hundred and seventy-two families with older (M= 7.4 years) and younger (M= 5.2 years) siblings were studied. Parents and children reported about the parent-child relationship, and parents reported about the children's characteristics, their own psychological resources, and contextual factors. Controlling for sibling dyad characteristics, FDT was predicted most consistently by household chaos. Furthermore, single mothers were not at risk per se for using more MDT but only when coupled with high maternal anger.  相似文献   

Children's probability intuitions: understanding the expected value of complex gambles   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

Schlottmann A 《Child development》2001,72(1):103-122

Two experiments used Information Integration Theory to study how children judge expected value of complex gambles in which alternative outcomes have different prizes. Six-year-olds, 9-year-olds and adults (N = 73 in Study 1, N = 28 in Study 2) saw chance games that involved shaking a marble in a bicolored tube. One prize was won if the marble stopped on blue, another if it stopped on yellow. Children judged how happy a puppet playing the game would be, with the prizes and probability of the blue and yellow outcomes varied factorially. Three main results appeared in both studies: First, participants in all age groups used the normatively prescribed multiplication rule for integrating probability and value of each individual outcome--a striking finding because multiplicative reasoning does not usually appear before 8 years of age in other domains. Second, all age groups based judgment of overall expected value meaningfully on both alternative outcomes, but there were individual differences--many participants deviated from the normative addition rule, showing risk seeking and risk averse patterns of judgment similar to the risk attitudes often found with adults. Third, even the youngest children took probability to be an abstract rather than physical property of the game. Overall, in contrast to the traditional view, the present results demonstrate functional understanding of probability and expected value in children as young as 5 or 6. These results contribute to the growing evidence on children's intuitive reasoning competence. This intuition can, on the one hand, support surprisingly precocious performance in young children, but it may also contribute to the biases evident in adults' judgment and decision.  相似文献   

Gesture as a window on children's beginning understanding of false belief     

Carlson SM  Wong A  Lemke M  Cosser C 《Child development》2005,76(1):73-86

Given that gestures may provide access to transitions in cognitive development, preschoolers' performance on standard tasks was compared with their performance on a new gesture false belief task. Experiment 1 confirmed that children (N=45, M age=54 months) responded consistently on two gesture tasks and that there is dramatic improvement on both the gesture false belief task and a standard task from ages 3 to 5. In 2 subsequent experiments focusing on children in transition with respect to understanding false beliefs (Ns=34 and 70, M age=48 months), there was a significant advantage of gesture over standard and novel verbal-response tasks. Iconic gesture may facilitate reasoning about opaque mental states in children who are rapidly developing concepts of mind.  相似文献   

书写你的生命     

David A.Berman  王启国 《英语辅导》2003,(48)

假设有人给了你一枝笔,一枝密封的、纯色的水笔,里面有多少墨水你看不到,很可能刚刚试写几字便用干耗尽;也可能足以完成一部或几部杰作,永存于世,使世事为之大变。而这一切你在动笔之前却是一无所知。根据游戏的规则,你确实水远也不会知道,只能冒一下险。而事实上,也没有  相似文献   

书写自己的生命华章     

大卫.A.博曼 《课堂内外(高中版)》2007,(5):1

假如有人给你一支笔,一支密封的、纯色的水笔,里面有多少墨水你无法看到,很可能刚刚试着写几个字就能用干,也可能足够写一部或几部皇皇巨著,流传千古,使世事为之而改变。而这一切你在动笔之前无法知晓。  相似文献   

Numerical Calculation of Concrete Slab Response to Blast Loading     

ZHOU Xiaoqing HAO Hong KUZNETSOV Valerian A WASCHL John 《天津大学学报(英文版)》2006,12(B09):94-99

In the present paper, a dynamic plastic damage model for concrete has been employed to estimate responses of a reinforced concrete slab subjected to blast loading. The interaction between the blast wave and the concrete slab is considered in 3D simulation. In the first stage, the initial detonation and blast wave propagation is modelled in 2D simulation before the blast wave reaches the concrete slab, then the results obtained from 2D calculation are remapped to a 3D model. The calculated blast load is compared with that obtained from TM5-1300. Numerical results of the concrete slab response are compared with the explosive test carried out-in the Weapons System Division, Defence Science and Technology Organisation, Department of Defence, Australia.  相似文献   

针灸治疗中老年颈椎病96例     

原荣!呼市大召广场A区甲号中医门诊 《内蒙古电大学刊》2000,(5)

中老年人由于骨刺形成或椎间盘狭小、椎间孔狭窄等颈椎病引起颈、肩、上肢疼痛、沉重、麻木、瘫痪 ,甚至头痛、眩晕、恶心呕吐等症状。笔者运用体、耳针配合近、远端取穴的针灸治疗方法 ,治疗 96例中老年颈椎病 ,取得满意疗效。现介绍如下 :一、临床资料本组 96例患者中 ,男性  相似文献