A socialist policy for education?: Labour and the secondary school, 1945‐51     

Martin Francis 《History of education》2013,42(4):319-335

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Growth in Precursor and Reading‐Related Skills: Do Low‐Achieving and IQ‐Discrepant Readers Develop Differently?     

Kimberly J. O&#x;Malley  David J. Francis  Barbara R. Foorman  Jack M. Fletcher  Paul R. Swank 《Learning disabilities research & practice》2002,17(1):19-34

Poor readers who met low achievement and IQ‐discrepancy definitions of reading disability were compared with nonimpaired readers on their development of eight precursor and reading‐related skills to evaluate developmental differences prior to students’ identification as reading disabled. Results indicated no evidence for differences between the two groups of poor readers in the development of the eight skills, with three exceptions. Students in the IQ‐discrepant group demonstrated greater growth in letter sound knowledge, greater mean performance in visual‐motor integration at the beginning of first grade, and greater deceleration in rapid naming of letters. When compared to the nonimpaired group, low‐achieving readers demonstrated poorer performance and development in all skills, while the IQ‐discrepant readers demonstrated poorer performance and development in phonemic awareness, rapid naming of letters and objects, spelling, and word reading. The largely null results for comparisons between the two groups of poor readers challenges the validity of the two‐group classification of reading disabilities based on IQ‐discrepancy.  相似文献   

Using iPad tablets for self‐modeling with preschoolers: Videos versus photos          下载免费PDF全文

Dacia M. McCoy  Julie Q. Morrison  Dave W. Barnett  Hilary D. Kalra  Lauren K. Donovan 《Psychology in the schools》2017,54(8):821-836

As technology becomes more accessible and acceptable in the preschool setting, teachers need effective strategies of incorporating it to address challenging behaviors. A nonconcurrent delayed multiple baseline design in combination with an alternating treatment design was utilized to investigate the effects of using iPad tablets to display video self‐modeling and activity photos for three preschoolers during circle time. During baseline, all three children demonstrated low levels of engagement and high levels of off‐task behavior compared to peers. The intervention phase consisted of alternating between showing the child the self‐video and photos prior to circle time. A child preference phase was conducted whereby each child self‐selected the video or photo prior to circle time. For all three children both videos and photos led to increased engagement and decreased off‐task behaviors. During the child preference phase, all three children selected the video most frequently. Social validity data demonstrated teacher and child preference for the video self‐modeling condition.  相似文献   

Three-dimensional kinematic analysis of the golf swing using instantaneous screw axis theory,Part 2: golf swing kinematic sequence     

Alessandro Vena  Dave Budney  Tom Forest  Jason P. Carey 《Sports Engineering》2011,13(3):125-133

A number of recent studies have measured the extent and timing of segment rotation during the golf swing. A promising technique, instantaneous screw axis (ISA) theory, could provide a better expression of segment rotation. In Part 1 of this two-part study, the objectives are to identify the ISA of the pelvis, shoulders and left arm during the downswing, compute segment angular velocity relative to that segment’s ISA and verify that ISA theory is a valid tool to analyse segment rotation during the golf swing. Results indicate that for all subjects, at least 71% of marker velocity is a result of rotation about their respective ISA, when averaging results over the duration of the downswing, confirming that motion is primarily rotational. Furthermore, ISA position and orientation of each segment approaches, on average, the expected gross axis of rotation, confirming that motion about the ISA is representative of joint motion.  相似文献   

Development and initial validation of the Psychological Characteristics of Developing Excellence Questionnaire     

Macnamara Á  Collins D 《Journal of sports sciences》2011,29(12):1273-1286

The development of talent is a complex process mediated by a host of psychological, social, physical, and environmental variables. Unfortunately, the multiple processes involved in talent development are frequently ignored by the systems and protocols employed in sport. Modern approaches to talent development are beginning to stress the initial possession, then subsequent development, of generic psychological characteristics (e.g. psychological characteristics of developing excellence; MacNamara, Button, & Collins, 2010a , 2010b ) as the best way to realize latent potential. Accordingly, this paper describes the development and initial validation of the Psychological Characteristics of Developing Excellence Questionnaire (PCDEQ). In the first phase, an initial list of 160 items was developed. A combination of expert panel reviews, cognitive interviews, and a pilot test was used to assess the relevance, representativeness, and validity of each item. Ninety-six items were retained following these steps. Exploratory factor analysis, with a sample of 363 athletes, revealed an interpretable 59-item, 6-factor solution with good internal consistency (0.870, 0.866, 0.847, 0.741, 0.749, and 0.701 respectively). The Psychological Characteristics of Developing Excellence Questionnaire would appear to hold promise as a useful tool to provide coaches and athletes with information about the psychological characteristics of developing excellence that are being properly addressed or neglected during different stages of development or in different contexts.  相似文献   

Comparing Simulation Sequencing in a Chemistry Online-Supported Project-Based Learning Unit     

Li  Mingyang  Donnelly-Hermosillo  Dermot Francis  Click  Jennifer 《Journal of Science Education and Technology》2022,31(1):27-51

Journal of Science Education and Technology - Numerous studies illustrate the value of simulations or project-based learning approaches to enhance the learning of science. Simulations can help...  相似文献   

A process for the critical analysis of instructional theory     

Jay A. Bostwick  Isaac Wade Calvert  Jenifer Francis  Melissa Hawkley  Curtis R. Henrie  Frederick R. Hyatt  Janeel Juncker  Andrew S. Gibbons 《Educational technology research and development : ETR & D》2014,62(5):571-582

Some have argued for a common language in the field of instructional design in an effort to reduce misunderstandings and simplify a multitude of synonymous terms and concepts. Others feel that this goal is undesirable in that it precludes development and flexibility. In this article we propose an ontology-building process as a way for readers to compare and analyze terms and concepts across theories. This process entails the development of categories that emerge from the literature, and the comparison of theories across categories. Such a process can reveal broader concepts that exist beyond specific theoretical terminology, differences in meanings behind common terms used by theorists, a greater understanding of the theorists’ intent, and discontinuities and gaps within the theoretical literature.  相似文献   

The Contribution of Attentional Control and Working Memory to Reading Comprehension and Decoding     

C. Nikki Arrington  Paulina A. Kulesz  David J. Francis  Jack M. Fletcher  Marcia A. Barnes 《Scientific Studies of Reading》2014,18(5):325-346

Little is known about how specific components of working memory, namely, attentional processes including response inhibition, sustained attention, and cognitive inhibition, are related to reading decoding and comprehension. The current study evaluated the relations of reading comprehension, decoding, working memory, and attentional control in 1,134 adolescent students. Path analyses were used to assess the direct and indirect effects of working memory and aspects of attentional control on reading comprehension and decoding. There were significant direct effects of working memory, sustained attention, and cognitive inhibition on reading comprehension, but not decoding. There was a significant direct effect of working memory and response inhibition on decoding, but not comprehension. These results suggest that different aspects of attentional control are important for decoding versus comprehension.  相似文献   

La Biblioteca Médica Nacional: The National Medical Library of Cuba     

Jonathan D. Eldredge  Dave Piper  Gale G. Hannigan 《Journal of the Medical Library Association》2002,90(2):246-248

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Literacy in Fiji: Its origins and its development     

Francis Mangubhai 《Interchange》1987,18(1-2):124-135

Literacy was introduced into Fiji by Christian missionaries just over 150 years ago, and for almost 100 years limited literacy practices were fostered by schools run mainly by the churches. With the rise of towns and of a bureaucracy, literacy in English as a second language was also introduced. But the levels of literacy in both vernacular and the second languages have been generally low, especially in the rural areas. A research project set up to improve literacy in educational contexts is described. Current problems related to literacy and future developments are discussed.  相似文献