Finite element simulation of pole vaulting     

Sven Drücker  Konrad Schneider  Navneet-Kaur Ghothra  Swantje Bargmann 《Sports Engineering》2018,21(2):85-93

Pole vaulting is one of the most spectacular disciplines in athletics. The evolution of world record heights is strongly influenced by the development of advanced poles and subsequent materials. Employing advanced, load-adjusted composites has resulted in a steady increase of the world record height. This study provides a framework for finite element simulations of pole vaulting with focus on the initial and boundary conditions as well as finite element choices. The influence of the pole bending stiffness on the achievable height is systematically simulated. Higher effective bending stiffness leads to higher pole vaulting heights. However, if a certain stiffness is exceeded, the vaulter will not be able to bend the pole enough which leads to failed attempts.  相似文献   

A concept to simplify authoring of adaptive hypermedia eLearning structures     

Oliver Schneider 《Interactive Learning Environments》2018,26(6):760-775

Adaptive Learning Systems have been developed to improve learning success by increasing learner satisfaction, learning speed, and educational effectiveness. However, authoring adaptive eLearning structures is still a complicated task for lecturers, because they are unaccustomed to the way of thinking and to the workflows that are needed for the creation process. This paper describes a research project developing a concept that helps authors with the structure creation process, focussed on sequencing of content. Therefore, the issue was approached from the authors' perspective. First, storytelling theory has helped understand content structures and provided insights into how authors work. Second, by investigating the linear structure of learning content, information for sequencing could be extracted, providing the basis for an approach that is based on relations of different authors' content, and defining interdependencies that delinearise the content structure.  相似文献   

Online strategies to improve workplace performance lessons from the www     

Ruth Colvin Clark Edd 《Performance Improvement》2001,40(8):24-30

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Acoustic driven flow and lattice Boltzmann simulations to study cell adhesion in biofunctionalized ��-fluidic channels with complex geometry     

M. A. Fallah  V. M. Myles  T. Kr��ger  K. Sritharan  A. Wixforth  F. Varnik  S. W. Schneider    M. F. Schneider 《Biomicrofluidics》2010,4(2)

Accurately mimicking the complexity of microvascular systems calls for a technology which can accommodate particularly small sample volumes while retaining a large degree of freedom in channel geometry and keeping the price considerably low to allow for high throughput experiments. Here, we demonstrate that the use of surface acoustic wave driven microfluidics systems successfully allows the study of the interrelation between melanoma cell adhesion, the matrix protein collagen type I, the blood clotting factor von Willebrand factor (vWF), and microfluidic channel geometry. The versatility of the tool presented enables us to examine cell adhesion under flow in straight and bifurcated microfluidic channels in the presence of different protein coatings. We show that the addition of vWF tremendously increases (up to tenfold) the adhesion of melanoma cells even under fairly low shear flow conditions. This effect is altered in the presence of bifurcated channels demonstrating the importance of an elaborate hydrodynamic analysis to differentiate between physical and biological effects. Therefore, computer simulations have been performed along with the experiments to reveal the entire flow profile in the channel. We conclude that a combination of theory and experiment will lead to a consistent explanation of cell adhesion, and will optimize the potential of microfluidic experiments to further unravel the relation between blood clotting factors, cell adhesion molecules, cancer cell spreading, and the hydrodynamic conditions in our microcirculatory system.  相似文献   

Return on training investment: Hard measures for soft subjects     

Holly Schneider  Chester C. Wright 《Performance Improvement》1990,29(2):28-35

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Testing Measurement Equivalence of Eudaimonic and Hedonic Entertainment Motivations in a Cross-cultural Comparison     

Özen Odağ  Matthias Hofer  Frank M. Schneider  Katharina Knop 《Journal of Intercultural Communication Research》2016,45(2):108-125

Within Hofstede’s framework of individualistic and collectivistic cultures, this contribution examines measurement equivalence of hedonic and eudaimonic entertainment motivations in two different cultures, namely Germany representing a more individualistic culture (N = 180) and Turkey representing a more collectivistic culture (N = 97). By means of a multi-group confirmatory factor analysis, we could secure configural invariance for both hedonic and eudaimonic entertainment motivations across the German and Turkish sample. Metric invariance, however, could only be obtained for hedonic, but not for eudaimonic motivations. Scalar invariance was obtained for neither of the two entertainment motivations. The study points to the importance of equivalence testing when conducting cross-cultural research.  相似文献   

An overview of RMP library activities: present and future     

A K Schneider 《Bulletin of the Medical Library Association》1970,58(3):316-319

The creation of the Regional Medical Programs has resulted in the origin of many library-related projects. Different regions have had a variety of projects. Surveys of resources in hospital libraries, continuing medical education surveys, and workshops for training hospital library personnel have been frequent. Instructional materials for library education have been developed or improved. Reference services have been stressed in many regions, and union lists of serials have been started. Grants for library projects total $1.4 million.  相似文献   

Verbal and nonverbal indices of the communicative performance and acculturation of Chinese immigrants     

Michael J Schneider 《Int J Intercult Relat》1985,9(3):271-283

This paper develops a theoretical framework for examining the acculturation process of immigrants. Focusing on communication variables, it suggests five levels of analysis for assessing acculturation as a continuous rather than dichotomous variable: the speech act level, ritualistic communication, strategic communication, the organization of conversational discourse, and verbal information processing. Examples from research on Chinese communication are utilized to illustrate important differences between Chinese and Americans at each level of analysis. The use of this perspective offers the twofold promise of improving our understanding of “acculturation processes” in general as well as our understanding of the particular everyday communicative actions of immigrant groups. Research on Chinese communication patterns using this perspective will increase our knowledge of Chinese and American interrelations, in addition to providing insight aimed at developing better indices of acculturation of Chinese in the United States.  相似文献   

Expertise, Aptitude, and Strategic Remembering     

Wolfgang Schneider  David F. Bjorklund 《Child development》1992,63(2):461-473

Second- and fourth-grade children were classified according to their knowledge of soccer (experts vs. novices) and IQ (high vs. low), and given 2 sort-recall tasks. One task included items related to the game of soccer and the other included items from familiar natural language categories. Previous research has shown that expertise in a subject can compensate for low levels of performance on text comprehension tasks. Our results, the first examining the effects of both expertise and intelligence on a strategic memory task, were that soccer expert children recalled more items on the soccer list but not on the nonsoccer list than soccer novice children. However, soccer expertise did not modify a significant effect of IQ level, with high-IQ children recalling more than low-IQ children for all contrasts. Interest in soccer was found to be related to expertise but did not contribute to differences in memory performance. The results demonstrate that the knowledge base plays an important role in children's memory, but that domain knowledge cannot fully eliminate the effects of IQ on sort-recall tasks using domain-related materials. That is, although rich domain knowledge seemed to compensate for low aptitude, in that low-aptitude experts performed at the level of high-aptitude novices, its effects were not strong enough to eliminate performance differences between high- and low-aptitude soccer experts.  相似文献   

Friendship and Attitudes Toward School Among Children of Two Muslim Communities in Marseille     

Monique All  s-Jardel  Barry H. Schneider  Virginie Boutry 《Early education and development》2002,13(2):221-240

Immigrants from the Comoros Islands constitute a closely-knit community in Marseille, where they interact in the Quartiers Nord with the North African community, which is larger in number, which arrived generally a generation earlier, and whose children continue to underachieve at school. It is commonly expected that the Comorians will adjust better to school because of their tight communal organization and because of their specific needs for educational achievement. These needs are thought to relate to the money needed to return to the Comoros and to finance their children's marriage ceremonies there. In our study, pupils of Comorian origin in the senior primary school years displayed more positive attitudes toward the academic aspects of schooling than did pupils of North African origin. For both Algerians and Comorians, positive aspects of friendship quality were associated with better attitudes toward school. In-group friendships were more common than friendships with members of other ethnic groups. In-group friendships were of higher quality than friendships between members of different groups. Comorian children whose best friends were from outside their ethnic group were those with more negative attitudes toward school; the reverse applied to Algerians.  相似文献