Children leaving foster care: Outcomes of permanency planning     

Edith Fein  Anthony Maluccio 《Child abuse & neglect》1984,8(4):425-431

Foster care, created to overcome some of the disadvantages and abuses of institutional care of children, can present its own problems. One problem is overt abuse, but there are other, more subtle, deficiencies and concerns about foster care. In response, the concept of permanency planning has been introduced as a philosophy, a policy, and a technique. It is designed to return every child who enters care to the stability of a family as quickly as possible. This paper presents findings of a longitudinal study of the outcomes of permanency planning. Results show that over half the children returned to their biological parents, that adoptions were more common for Caucasian than black children, that 78% of the children were still in their permanent placements 12-16 months later, that most children were functioning well, and that there was a marked need for services for the families. In addition to the results of the study, the discussion focuses on implications for foster care practice and child welfare policy, including the importance of relatives, the impact of foster care placements, the needs of biological families, and the provision of services and supports for reunified families.  相似文献   

Socioeconomic status and health in adolescents: the role of stress interpretations   总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6  

Chen E  Langer DA  Raphaelson YE  Matthews KA 《Child development》2004,75(4):1039-1052

The role of psychological interpretations in the relationship between low socioeconomic status (SES) and physiological responses was tested. One hundred high school students (ages 15–19) watched videos of ambiguous and negative life situations, and were interviewed about their interpretations. Lower SES was associated with greater threat interpretations during ambiguous (but not negative) situations and with greater diastolic blood pressure and heart rate reactivity. Threat interpretations partially mediated relationships between SES and reactivity. General life events (e.g., lack of positive life events), rather than specific life events (e.g., exposure to violence), partially explained the relationship between low SES and threat interpretations. Results suggest that the larger social environment helps explain how adolescents approach new social situations, which in turn has implications for adolescent physical health.  相似文献   

Initial Characteristics and Mentoring Satisfaction of College Women Mentoring Youth: Implications for Training     

Martha D. Foukal  Edith C. Lawrence  Joanna L. Williams 《Mentoring & Tutoring: Partnership in Learning》2016,24(2):94-108

Being a youth mentor is popular among college students, yet little is known about how their initial characteristics are related to mentoring satisfaction. Survey data from college women enrolled in a youth mentoring program (n = 158) and a comparison group (n = 136) were analyzed to determine how initial characteristics of youth mentors (a) differ from comparisons and (b) are associated with mentors’ satisfaction. Mentors reported higher autonomy, cultural sensitivity, and lower depression pre-participation than the comparison group, and their pre-participation GPA, cognitive empathy, and depression predicted post-participation mentoring satisfaction. Implications for mentor training are discussed.  相似文献   

Secure Base Representations in Children With Asthma: Links With Symptoms,Family Asthma Management,and Cytokine Regulation     

Katherine B. Ehrlich  Gregory E. Miller  Madeleine Shalowitz  Rachel Story  Cynthia Levine  Deanna Williams  Van Le  Edith Chen 《Child development》2019,90(6):e718-e728

Children's perceptions of caregivers as a secure base have been linked with socioemotional outcomes, but little is known about connections to physical health. We examined whether secure base representations are associated with children's symptoms, family management strategies, and inflammatory processes in children with asthma. Participants included 308 children (ages 8–17) and one parent. Children completed a blood draw to measure asthma-related immune functions and reported on perceptions of their mothers as a secure base and their asthma symptoms. Dyads completed interviews about asthma management. Analyses revealed that children's secure base perceptions were associated with better family asthma management and lower Type 2 T-helper cell cytokine production. These findings suggest that secure base representations may be protective for children with asthma.  相似文献   

A Family Focused Intervention Influences Hippocampal-Prefrontal Connectivity Through Gains in Self-Regulation     

Jamie L. Hanson  Alysha D. Gillmore  Tianyi Yu  Christopher J. Holmes  Emily S. Hallowell  Allen W. Barton  Steven R.H. Beach  Adrianna Galván  James MacKillop  Michael Windle  Edith Chen  Gregory E. Miller  Lawrence H. Sweet  Gene H. Brody 《Child development》2019,90(4):1389-1401

The stressors associated with poverty increase the risks for externalizing psychopathology; however, specific patterns of neurobiology and higher self-regulation may buffer against these effects. This study leveraged a randomized control trial, aimed at increasing self-regulation at ~11 years of age. As adults, these same individuals completed functional MRI scanning (M_age = 24.88 years; intervention n = 44; control n = 49). Functional connectivity between the hippocampus and ventromedial prefrontal cortex was examined in relation to the intervention, gains in self-regulation, and present-day externalizing symptoms. Increased connectivity between these brain areas was noted in the intervention group compared to controls. Furthermore, individual gains in self-regulation, instilled by the intervention, statistically explained this brain difference. These results begin to connect neurobiological and psychosocial markers of risk and resiliency.  相似文献   

Was Hochschuldozierende aus Lehrevaluations-Rückmeldungen lernen k?nnen     

André Nowakowski M.A.  Dries Vervecken M.Sc.  PD Dr. Edith Braun  Prof. Dr. Bettina Hannover 《Zeitschrift für Erziehungswissenschaft》2012,15(2):253-271

The extent to which students profit from a university course depends on the lecturers?? approach to teaching, with a student-focused approach being more supportive for student gains in competences than a teacher-focused approach. Little is known, however, about how to foster a student-focused approach to teaching. In this paper, we want to investigate how to frame the feedback lecturers obtain from students?? course evaluations in such a manner that a student-focused approach to teaching is encouraged. In two studies using either a qualitative or a quantitative methodology it can be shown that providing lecturers with a feedback on students?? subjective gain in competences (output-focused teaching evaluation) is more effective in promoting a student-focused approach to teaching than a feedback on how satisfied students were with the lecturer (process-focused teaching evaluation). Results are discussed in the context of the Bologna reforms which demand a continuous evaluation of all university courses.  相似文献   

Agentive role of government in African education: North Nyanza, 1890–1920     

Edith Mukudi Omwami 《Journal of educational administration and history》2014,46(4):405-423

This paper examines the agentive role of the colonial administration in accessing formal education for Africans in North Nyanza, Kenya from 1890 to 1920. It demonstrates the complexities of the colonial experience in which the ultimate application of policy and practice was shaped by the overriding principle of protection of the economic and political interests of the immigrant settler community. Africans lacked institutional agency in government functioning in the racialised society in this period. The agentive role of the colonial administration in improving conditions for African populations faltered from its earliest conception. The colonial project ultimately fell short of its goal, as the governmental commitment to improving the education for African populations was compromised by the agenda to advance the commercial interest of the colonial empire and the dominant influence of the European settler class.  相似文献   

Democratic values,empowerment and giving voice: children’s media discourse in the aftermath of the assassination of Yitzhak Rabin     

Edith Manosevitch 《Learning, Media and Technology》2006,31(2):163-179

This study explores the role of children’s news media in establishing meanings of critical situations and promoting notions of active citizenship. A content analysis of three Israeli children’s magazines’ coverage of the assassination of Yitzhak Rabin is conducted. Findings suggest differences between religious media and secular media in terms of coverage of values related to democracy. Findings also reveal a variety of ways by which democratic practices of giving voice and notions of empowerment can manifest themselves within children’s media.  相似文献   

Teaching Stress Management in Physical Education: A Quasi-Experimental Study with Vocational Students     

Christin Lang  Serge Brand  Flora Colledge  Edith Holsboer-Trachsler  Uwe Pühse  Markus Gerber 《Scandinavian Journal of Educational Research》2019,63(2):245-257

The aim was to develop, implement, and evaluate a physical education-based coping training program for vocational students. Two vocational schools participated in the quasi-experimental pilot study (EPHECT I). One school received the intervention (intervention group: n?=?434), while the other school maintained regular physical education classes (control group: n?=?430). Repeated measures ANCOVAs were used to examine the effects on coping and perceived stress. Additionally, effects were compared among students who reported low versus elevated life satisfaction. Finally, the implementation rate was considered as a moderating factor. Overall, no significant time by group effects were found between the intervention group and the control group. However, a reduction in maladaptive coping occurred among students of the intervention group who reported low life satisfaction. The implementation rate did not moderate the findings. Despite a relatively low implementation rate, the intervention program reduced maladaptive coping strategies in adolescents with low life satisfaction. Program monitoring needs to be increased in future research.  相似文献   

The Final Word     

Sydney W. Head  Edith Efron  Robert J. Blakely  Dorthea H. Roth  Donel W. Price  Sydney Head 《Communication Booknotes Quarterly》2013,44(3):5-6

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