Predicting long-term outcomes for women sexually abused in childhood: contribution of abuse severity versus family environment     

Fassler IR  Amodeo M  Griffin ML  Clay CM  Ellis MA 《Child abuse & neglect》2005,29(3):269-284

OBJECTIVE: Child sexual abuse (CSA) has been associated with adverse adult psychosocial outcomes, although some reports describe minimal long-term effects. The search for explanations for the heterogeneous outcomes in women with CSA has led to an examination of a range of CSA-related factors, from the severity of individual CSA incidents to the childhood family environment. This study compares three factors for predicting adult outcomes: a multidimensional CSA Severity Scale, the presence or absence of CSA, and family environment. METHODS: The effect of CSA on adult outcomes was examined among 290 community-dwelling women raised in intact families. Standardized measures and a focused interview were used to collect data, with siblings as collateral informants. RESULTS: Comparison of a multidimensional CSA Severity Scale to a dichotomous measure of the presence or absence of CSA showed that the Severity Scale did not have greater predictive value for adult outcomes than the dichotomous measure, nor was it as parsimonious. Childhood family environment scales added significantly to the predictive ability of the dichotomous measure. CONCLUSION: The specific characteristics of a CSA experience may be less important than the occurrence of CSA and the family environment of women for predicting long-term outcomes.  相似文献   

It's a Breakthrough – An Account of New Resources for Schools     

Ellis  P.R. 《Science & Education》2003,12(4):421-427

Breakthrough is a new publicationproviding teachers with informationand activities about scientists pastand present. This short paper discusses theneed for such resources and describesinitial attempts to meet that need on aregular basis.  相似文献   

Actual Texts,Possible Meanings: The Uses of Poetry and the Subjunctification of Experience     

Andrew Green  Viv Ellis  Karen Simecek 《Changing English: An International Journal of English Teaching》2016,23(4):351-362

Abstract

Jerome Bruner’s experiment over 30 years ago suggested that imaginative literature had greater affordances for the ‘subjunctification’ of experience by those who heard it read aloud than did transactional prose such as a news article. By ‘subjunctification’, Bruner meant the capacity to use the resource (the short story, for example) to transform one’s experience of the world, to render understanding in more complex ways and to do more than get things done as they have always been done. This paper reports on a small-scale replication of the experiment that sought to measure differences in the affordances of poetry being read aloud compared to hearing a short story or a news article.  相似文献   

The Notion of Creativity in Art and the Influence of Cultural Exposure     

Neville John Ellis  Tay-Koay Siew Luan 《Asia Pacific Journal of Education》1995,15(2):52-63

This study investigates how art teachers judge the creativity of student art work. Both conceptual and operational definitions given by teachers were studied. Furthermore, cultural exposure as measured by a teacher's exposure to non-Asian cultures, was studied to see how it might influence art teachers' judgements. Two instruments were developed for the purpose of this study. One instrument was a questionnaire designed to collect qualitative data from the respondents. The second instrument was used to measure art teachers' ratings of creativity. The data revealed that the conceptual definitions given by art teachers varied considerably. However, when asked to rate subjectively the creativity of art products, moderate agreement was reached among art teachers. Exposure to non-Asian cultures did not seem to have an effect on an art teachers' operational definition of creativity. Results of the study imply that the usefulness of the term creativity needs to be reviewed in general usage and in documents such as curricula. It would seem that there is not a clear notion among art teachers as to what constitutes creativity and a creative product.  相似文献   

Does father absence place daughters at special risk for early sexual activity and teenage pregnancy?   总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6  

Ellis BJ  Bates JE  Dodge KA  Fergusson DM  Horwood LJ  Pettit GS  Woodward L 《Child development》2003,74(3):801-821

The impact of father absence on early sexual activity and teenage pregnancy was investigated in longitudinal studies in the United States (N = 242) and New Zealand (N = 520), in which community samples of girls were followed prospectively from early in life (5 years) to approximately age 18. Greater exposure to father absence was strongly associated with elevated risk for early sexual activity and adolescent pregnancy. This elevated risk was either not explained (in the US. study) or only partly explained (in the New Zealand study) by familial, ecological, and personal disadvantages associated with father absence. After controlling for covariates, there was stronger and more consistent evidence of effects of father absence on early sexual activity and teenage pregnancy than on other behavioral or mental health problems or academic achievement. Effects of father absence are discussed in terms of life-course adversity, evolutionary psychology, social learning, and behavior genetic models.  相似文献   

The Production of World Wide Web Multimedia Resources by Australian Universities – An Institutional Analysis     

Roger Debreceny  Allan Ellis 《Education and Information Technologies》2000,5(1):7-18

World Wide Web (WWW) home pages are now ubiquitous for universities around the world. A university home page is the first place that many stakeholders will visit for research on the university or for information on a variety of topics. It was hypothesised that the size and nature of universities and their investment in the staffing of WWW sites will determine the level of output of WWW sites. A WWW-based survey was conducted of Webmanagers at all universities in Australia. A response rate of 80% was achieved. The number of services provided, the number of pages made available and the number of pages that are changed on a regular basis were alternative measures of output. The hypothesised relationships were not supported. The study found that universities are providing a wide range of services with low levels of staffing.  相似文献   

Ameliorating Early Reading Failure by Integrating the Teaching of Reading and Phonological Skills: The Phonological Linkage Hypothesis   总被引：15，自引：0，他引：15  

Peter J. Hatcher  Charles Hulme  rew W. Ellis 《Child development》1994,65(1):41-57

We present a longitudinal intervention study of children experiencing difficulties in the early stages of learning to read. Our subjects, 7-year-old poor readers, were divided into 4 matched groups and assigned to 1 of 3 experimental teaching conditions: Reading with Phonology, Reading Alone, Phonology Alone, and a Control. Although the Phonology Alone group showed most improvement on phonological tasks, the Reading with Phonology group made most progress in reading. These results show that interventions to boost phonological skills need to be integrated with the teaching of reading if they are to be maximally effective in improving literacy skills.  相似文献   

Influences of the learning environment of a Regional University Campus on its international graduates     

Bronwyn Ellis  Janet Sawyer  Rod Gill  John Medlin  Digby Wilson 《The Australian Educational Researcher》2005,32(2):65-85

Staff and students at small regional campuses often consider them to be a learning environment with many advantages. Students can benefit from the opportunities for enhanced access to staff provided by factors such as small classes and a compact campus. International students from non-English-speaking backgrounds are one group for whom these factors can be particularly helpful in their adjustment to a new society as well as in their continuing study program. This belief is tested in the study described in this paper. Factors identified by international students as influencing their learning at a small campus situated a considerable distance from the state capital indicate strengths to be built on and celebrated and areas that call for the development of strategies to improve the quality of that learning environment. Former international student graduates were surveyed concerning their perceptions of their regional Australian university experience and the professional preparation it provided. Other Australian higher education institutions, particularly those with regional campuses, can make use of the insights gained through the study: as well as having implications for the provision of a quality learning experience and environment for all students, not only international students, they also have a bearing on international marketing strategies.  相似文献   

An Exploratory Evaluation of Conjoint Behavioral Consultation to Promote Collaboration Among Family,School, and Pediatric Systems: A Role for Pediatric School Psychologists     

Susan M. Sheridan  Emily D. Warnes  Kathryn E. Woods  Carrie A. Blevins  Katie L. Magee  Cynthia Ellis 《Journal of educational and psychological consultation》2013,23(2):106-129

Pediatric school psychology is a relatively new subspecialty in the field; however, few specific, prescribed roles have been articulated, and fewer have yielded preliminary efficacy data. In this exploratory study, the acceptability and potential efficacy of conjoint behavioral consultation (CBC) as a model for linking families, schools, and pediatric settings to address concerns for children with medical issues were evaluated. Twenty-nine children, their parents, teachers, and consultants were involved in conjoint consultation, a model of cross-system collaboration to address shared concerns of medically referred children. In this structured indirect service delivery model, parents, teachers, and school psychology pediatric consultants worked collaboratively in interdisciplinary problem solving and joint decision making with extensive input regarding medical issues from a developmental pediatrician. Outcome measures included parent and teacher observations of child functioning across home and school settings as a result of consultation-mediated interventions and social validity indices assessing acceptability and consumer satisfaction. Results suggested that CBC is a socially valid procedure for addressing concerns of medically referred children across home and school systems. Both parents and teachers reported the consultation process to be highly acceptable. Preliminary effect size analyses of child outcomes, derived from uncontrolled case study designs, suggest generally positive effects across home and school, although limitations with the methodology preclude conclusive statements. Research is needed to determine the contexts and conditions under which the model is more or less effective using rigorous controlled trials.  相似文献   

Catholic Higher Education     

Ellis A. Joseph 《College Teaching》2013,61(4):335-339

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