Perceptions of the relevance of mathematics and science: Further analysis of an Australian longitudinal study     

Jennifer Jones  Anne Porter  Deidra J. Young 《Research in Science Education》1996,26(4):481-494

The media portray girls' achievement in mathematics and science as equal to or better than male performance. This paper reports on a longitudinal study based on Years 7–12. One of the disturbing features of these data is the extremely poor perceptions that students, both male and female, have of performance in mathematics and science in the earlier years of high school. These data suggest the need to examine students' changing perceptions in the transition years from primary school to high school. Despite there having been substantial improvement in girls' perceptions of how they have performed in mathematics and science, proportionately fewer females elect to undertake studies at the higher levels of mathematics, physics and chemistry. The data suggest that year 9 is crucial. The perspective that girls have unequivocally arrived has been challenged.  相似文献   

The nature of peer sexual health communication among college students enrolled in a human sexuality course     

Andrew Porter  Myrthle Henry  Jennifer Gallo  Beck Graefe 《American journal of sexuality education》2019,14(2):139-151

Most young people go to their friends for information on sexuality-related topics, thus it is important to understand the context of these communications so that we may gather insight into sexual values and the underlying emotions and styles of communication. We conducted qualitative weekly surveys regarding discussion of sexual health topics among peers with students enrolled in an undergraduate human sexuality course. A four-stage inductive analysis process was utilized to examine a total number of 824 survey submissions from 102 college students who agreed to participate. Seven relevant common themes emerged: safer sex, sexually transmitted infections, pregnancy, feelings about sex, sexual acts, peer support, and peer communication norms. Some perspectives varied between males and females. Life events create opportunities for peers to discuss sexual health with each other. The connection between life events and peer sexual health communication has numerous implications for both research and education.  相似文献   

Using Publications Counts to Measure an Institution's Research Productivity   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

Toutkoushian  Robert K.  Porter  Stephen R.  Danielson  Cherry  Hollis  Paula R. 《Research in higher education》2003,44(2):121-148

Studies that attempt to evaluate and rank institutions often overlook the research activities of an institution. In this article, we show how readily available data from the Institute of Scientific Inquiry (ISI) may be used to estimate the number of scholarly articles written by an institution's faculty. We show how institutions are ranked according to total publications and the ratio of publications to full-time faculty, how these measures vary by type of institution, and how they are correlated with other selected measures of research resources and institutional quality.  相似文献   

Proof schemes and learning strategies of above-average mathematics students     

David Housman  Mary Porter 《Educational Studies in Mathematics》2003,53(2):139-158

What patterns can be observed among the mathematical arguments above-average students find convincing and the strategies these students use to learn new mathematical concepts? To investigate this question, we gave task-based interviews to eleven female students who had performed well in their college-level mathematics courses, but who differed in the number of proof-oriented courses each had taken. One interview was designed to elicit expressions of what students find convincing. These expressions were categorized according to the proof schemes defined by Harel and Sowder (1998). A second interview was designed to elicit expressions of what strategies students use to learn a mathematical concept from its definition, and these expressions were classified according to the learning strategies described by Dahlberg and Housman (1997). A qualitative analysis of the data uncovered the existence of a variety of phenomena, including the following: All of the students successfully generated examples when asked to do so, but they differed in whether they generated examples without prompting and whether they successfully generated examples when it was necessary to disprove conjectures. All but one of the students exhibited two or more proof schemes, with one student exhibiting four different proof schemes. The students who were most convinced by external factors were unsuccessful in generating examples, using examples, and reformulating concepts. The only student who found an examples-based argument convincing generated examples far more than the other students. The students who wrote and were convinced by deductive arguments were successful in reformulating concepts and using examples, and they were the same set of students who did not generate examples spontaneously but did successfully generate examples when asked to do so or when it was necessary to disprove a conjecture.  相似文献   

Recognition of maternal axillary odors by infants   总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6  

J M Cernoch  R H Porter 《Child development》1985,56(6):1593-1598

A series of 5 experiments was conducted to determine whether neonates, at approximately 2 weeks of age, can recognize their parents through axillary odors alone. Breast-feeding infants discriminated between their mother's axillary odor and odors produced by either nonparturient or unfamiliar lactating females. In contrast, breast-feeding infants displayed no evidence of recognizing the axillary odors of their father. Likewise, bottle-feeding infants appeared unable to recognize the odor of their mother when presented along with odors from a nonparturient female or an unfamiliar bottle-feeding female. Several hypotheses were presented in an attempt to account for the differential reactions to maternal odors by breast-feeding versus bottle-feeding infants. It was tentatively concluded that, while breast-feeding, infants are exposed to salient maternal odors and thereby rapidly become familiarized with their mother's unique olfactory signature.  相似文献   

Fast policy,fast theories and fast lives: when everything becomes performance     

Gaby Weiner 《Discourse: Studies in the Cultural Politics of Education》2008,29(2):289-295

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Ethical Practice in an Unjust World: educational evaluation and social justice     

Gaby Weiner 《Gender and education》1990,2(2):231-238

Evaluation brings together power and knowledge in quite specific ways, this complex relationship providing the focus for this paper. Such a relationship is particularly important for educational evaluators with an explicit commitment to achieving increased social justice. How might the ethical practice developed by, for example, feminists or anti‐racists, be applied to educational evaluation? This paper provides a preliminary discussion of these issues, first, by offering a critical appraisal of the dominant models of educational evaluation. Second, it attempts to outline the principles and procedures for ‘social justice’ evaluators and, following this, considers the strategies currently available to them. It concludes that, particularly in the case of educational programmes with an equality dimension, ‘social justice’ evaluation may be both desirable and feasible.  相似文献   

Spatial semiotics and general rules in the construction of graphic structures by young children     

Gaby Netchine-Grynberg  Serge Netchine  Laurence Pannier 《European Journal of Psychology of Education - EJPE》1993,8(1):65-83

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Time for review: supporting the work of an advisory group     

Jill Porter  Sarah Parsons  Christopher Robertson 《Journal of Research in Special Educational Needs》2006,6(1):11-16

This paper raises methodological issues about the challenges and dilemmas of inclusive research practices reflecting on the work of an advisory group carrying out research on using Information and Communication Technology (ICT) to enhance community participation. The interests of three parties can be identified – the commissioning agent, the researchers and the researched – and these interplayed throughout the course of the research determining the outcomes. Given the relationship between inclusive research and advocacy, there were particular gains in enabling the voice of the advisory group to shape the way in which the research was conducted and to disseminate the findings both within the organisation and beyond. However, the fragility of these new structures required organisational changes for the research to be truly empowering. The experience of the group suggests the need for their involvement at all stages of the research process.  相似文献   

Does deep learning help topic extraction? A kernel k-means clustering method with word embedding     

Yi Zhang  Jie Lu  Feng Liu  Qian Liu  Alan Porter  Hongshu Chen  Guangquan Zhang 《Journal of Informetrics》2018,12(4):1099-1117

Topic extraction presents challenges for the bibliometric community, and its performance still depends on human intervention and its practical areas. This paper proposes a novel kernel k-means clustering method incorporated with a word embedding model to create a solution that effectively extracts topics from bibliometric data. The experimental results of a comparison of this method with four clustering baselines (i.e., k-means, fuzzy c-means, principal component analysis, and topic models) on two bibliometric datasets demonstrate its effectiveness across either a relatively broad range of disciplines or a given domain. An empirical study on bibliometric topic extraction from articles published by three top-tier bibliometric journals between 2000 and 2017, supported by expert knowledge-based evaluations, provides supplemental evidence of the method’s ability on topic extraction. Additionally, this empirical analysis reveals insights into both overlapping and diverse research interests among the three journals that would benefit journal publishers, editorial boards, and research communities.  相似文献