Customizing a Norm-Referenced Achievement Test to Achieve Curricular Validity: A Case Study     

S. Jean Jolly  Gary W. Gramenz 《Educational Measurement》1984,3(3):16-18

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Between empberience and new perceptions     

Gary W. Knamiller 《科学教学研究杂志》1974,11(2):99-104

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Locating United States government information: A guide to sources: By Edward Herman Buffalo,N.Y.: William S. Hein and Company, 250 pages, $27.50. ISBN 0-89941-182-7. LC 82-83991     

Gary R. Purcell 《Government Information Quarterly》1984,1(2):229-230

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The Murrow Legend as Metaphor: The Creation,Appropriation, and Usefulness of Edward R. Murrow's Life Story     

Gary Edgerton 《Journal of American culture (Malden, Mass. : 2003)》1992,15(1):75-91

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MAKE LOVE! It's Heavenly and Sustainable     

Gary Headrick 《海外英语》2010,(7)

一看到"做爱"两个字,您可千万别想歪了!我们这里说的可是"大爱",我们的存在本身就是靠"爱"来支撑,对供我们生活、成长、发展的能源.我们更要报以"爱"的回报,而不是无节制地掠夺和浪费.说到这里您一定能猜出Gary这篇文章的目的了吧!就让我们一起来看一看吧--  相似文献   

Spatial pattern learning in the radial arm maze     

Brown MF  Giumetti GW 《Learning & behavior》2006,34(1):102-108

Rats experienced a spatial pattern of baited and unbaited arms in an eight-arm radial maze. The spatial pattern remained constant over trials, but the spatial locations that were baited varied unpredictably. Although there was no evidence of control by the spatial pattern during free choice training trials, the rats’ ability to locate baited arms in forced choice test trials was superior to that of animals in a control condition for which maze arms were not baited in a consistent spatial pattern. This is consistent with the results of experiments showing that spatial choices by rats in a pole box maze are controlled by abstract spatial patterns.  相似文献   

Correlates of sexual abuse and smoking among French adults     

King G  Guilbert P  Ward DG  Arwidson P  Noubary F 《Child abuse & neglect》2006,30(6):709-723

OBJECTIVE: The goal of this study was to examine the association between sexual abuse (SA) and initiation, cessation, and current cigarette smoking among a large representative adult population in France. METHOD: A random sample size of 12,256 adults (18-75 years of age) was interviewed by telephone concerning demographic variables, health practices and beliefs, and health status--for which SA and tobacco questions were included. Bivariate and multivariate analyses were conducted. RESULTS: Nearly 46% of SA survivors were current smokers compared to 34% of non-abused persons (p<.001). Survivors of SA consumed more cigarettes per day than non-abused individuals (14.5 vs. 12.4, p<.01). Survival analysis showed an increased risk of smoking initiation for respondents abused before 18 (adjusted relative hazard=1.55; p<.0001) with referent to the non-abused group. SA was not found to be a significant predictor of current smoking status among those who began smoking after the first incident of SA. Respondents who were not sexually abused were 1.8 times (95% CI, 1.12-2.99) more likely to quit smoking than people who began smoking after they were sexually abused. CONCLUSIONS: The early identification and treatment of sexually abused persons is critical to decrease smoking among adolescents and adults because of the association of SA with both smoking initiation and decreased cessation rates. It may be more difficult to detect an association between SA and current smoking due to the high rates of smoking and lower rates of quitting among the general French population.  相似文献   

Introduction: be prepared     

Gary Freiburger 《Journal of the Medical Library Association》2010,98(1):24

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Current state of inclusion of children with special needs in child care programmes in one Canadian province     

Gary Thomas  Georgina Glenny 《International Journal of Inclusive Education》2013,17(4):345-369

We suggest that most inquiry in special education is misconceived. We examine the consequences of an allegiance to the erstwhile knowledge of special education in professional assumptions about learning difficulty and the research and practice of special education. We assert that obeisance to that knowledge has proven unfruitful for the children and young people it is intended to serve. Suggesting that the preferred inquiry methods of special education have led only into culs-de-sac, we argue that inclusive education should reinstate the importance of teachers' own experience, insights, and values—restore the significance of reflective practice. It is these that should provide the lead for new developments in inclusion. We suggest that arguments for inclusion have to emerge less out of the kind of supposed knowledge so respected by 20th-century educators—less out of notions of success and failure (of children or of schools)—and more out of ideas about social justice and human rights.  相似文献   

The coming and going: the work of educational developers when admission criteria and desired outcomes change simultaneously     

Gary Poole 《International Journal for Academic Development》2013,18(4):344-355

Higher education is facing a conundrum relevant to the field of educational development: expectations regarding entrance criteria and graduation attributes are changing simultaneously. Biggs' model of constructive alignment can be used to analyze the challenges presented by these shifts in expectation and help educational developers understand their pedagogical implications. In the present article, an expanded model is proposed in which entrance requirements are added to Biggs' original conceptualization. In so doing, the length of the “learning journey” – from entrance to outcomes – can be charted. When entrance requirements and graduate attributes change simultaneously, higher education must accommodate learning journeys of varying lengths and nature. Moving targets such as these can engender a sense of frustration, if not helplessness, for academic staff responsible for curricular and pedagogical enhancement. However, rather than responding with a sense of helplessness, the educational developer should see these shifts as a real opportunity to support the implementation of a broader range of student-centred teaching/learning activities. Recommendations related to educational development consultations are offered.  相似文献