25-jähriges Jubiläum der „Arbeitsgemeinschaft Skilauf an Hochschulen“ (ASH)     

Gunnar Drexel 《Sportwissenschaft》2000,30(4):488-491

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A Perspective on the Intended Science Curriculum in Iceland and its ‘Transformation’ over a Period of 50 Years     

Meyvant Thorolfsson  Gunnar E. Finnbogason  Allyson Macdonald 《International Journal of Science Education》2013,35(17):2641-2665

In recent decades, a consensus has emerged among educators and scientists that all compulsory school students need good science education. The debate about its purpose and nature as a school subject in an emerging information society has not been as conclusive. To further understand this, it helps to examine how the science curriculum has transformed and what forces have shaped it as a core curricular area over time. This article sheds light on the transformation of the science curriculum for compulsory schools in Iceland in force from 1960 to 2010. Using criteria based on curriculum ideologies regarding the function of learners, instructors and subject matter in the learning process and the orientation of content and product versus process and development, it offers findings from content analysis of the intended science curriculum. The official curriculum was studied and conceptualised as it has evolved over time. The curriculum developers appear to have been striving for a compromise between conflicting views, resulting in what the authors of this article conceive as a ‘kaleidoscopic quilt’ of ideas over the period studied.  相似文献   

Sportwissenschaft interdisziplinär     

Gunnar Drexel 《Sportwissenschaft》2007,37(4):456-464

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U 68 — A reform proposal for Swedish higher education     

Gunnar Bergendal 《Higher Education》1974,3(3):353-364

The Swedish 1968 Educational Commission (U 68) completed its main report in 1973. The Commission recommends a very wide definition of the concept of higher education so as to include any qualified education or training for adults, whether academic or vocational in nature. Higher education should be seen in the context of an overall educational planning, with the aim of distributing educational resources to meet the needs of every citizen. As a consequence, U 68 proposes a numerus clausus for higher education as a whole. The geographic distribution of higher education is also being stressed, and the creation of one comprehensive institutional organisation for the main part of all higher education is proposed.The proposals of the commission should be seen in the perspective of recurrent education. The author points to the possible, development of a new educational structure, the main feature of which is the division into compulsory and post-compulsory education.Formerly Secretary of the 1968 Educational Commission.  相似文献   

Foreign Media     

Meheroo Jussawalla  D.M. Lamberton  Gunnar Andren  Hans Strand  Itzhak Galnoor  Henry Mayer 《Communication Booknotes Quarterly》2013,44(6):67-69

Meheroo Jussawalla, and D.M. Lamberton COMMUNICATION ECONOMICS AND DEVELOPMENT (Elms ford , New York : Pergamon Press, L982—$30.00)

Gunnar Andren and Hans Strand MASS COMMUNICATIONS AND CULTURE (Centre for Mass Communication Research, University of Stockholm S-10691, Stockholm, Sweden—price not given, paper)

Itzhak Galnoor STEERING THE POLITY: COMMUNICATION AND POLITICS IN ISRAEL (Beverly Hills, CA: Sage Publications, 1982—$25.O0)

Henry Mayer COMMUNICATIONS (Thompson Publications, Australia, 47 Chippen Street, Chippendale NSW 2008—prices vary: apply to publisher for further information/monthly)

BC ANNUAL REPORT AND HANDBOOK 1982 (London : British Broadcasting Corporation, 1981-1E3.50 or about $7.00, paper).

SOCIAL IMPLICATIONS OF THE INFORMATION ECONOMY, by Iris Fitzpatrick-Martin (Paper #5, April 1979—$6.00, paper):

PUBLIC ACCEPTANCE OF THE NEW INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES: THE ROLE OF ATTITUDES, by W. Lambert (Scot) Gardiner (Paper #9, April 1980— $6.00, paper)

INDUSTRIAL STATEGY AND THE INFORMATION ECONOMY: TOWARDS A GAME PLAN FOR CANADA, by Kimon Valaskakis and Peter S. Sindell (Paper #10, April 1980— $12.00, paper)  相似文献   

Market versus Mandator. Control Structure and Strategies for Change in School Organizations 1     

Gunnar Berg 《Scandinavian Journal of Educational Research》2013,57(2):49-70

Berg, G. 1984. Market versus Mandator. Control Structure and Strategies for Change in School Organizations. Scandinavian Journal of Educational Research 28, 49‐70. An organization's activities are a function of the external control originating in its environment and the internal control regulating the interaction of its various component parts. In other words, an organization is shaped by its external and internal control structures. The nature of this control varies from one organization to another, the character of the control structure being dependent on the tasks or functions the organization is there to perform. It is argued that the type of control structure existing determines (a) what theoretical model has the greatest explanatory value in an analysis of phenomena occurring in a specific organization, and (b) what strategy for change corresponds to the control structure in question.

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Modern Educational Sagas: Legitimation of ideas and practices in Icelandic education   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Ingolfur Asgeir Johannesson  Gudrun Geirsdottir  Gunnar E. Finnbogason 《Scandinavian Journal of Educational Research》2013,57(3):265-282

The article tells the story of changes in governance discourse and practices in Icelandic primary and secondary education in the late 1990s. Budget reform, curriculum changes and school-based self-evaluation aimed at a greater financial and pedagogical accountability of school professionals, especially principals, has changed the roles of principals and teachers. A clinical approach to diagnosing special educational needs views inclusion as a technical matter rather than as a social goal and enhances the emphases on the individual and her or his needs, proposed in the curriculum discourse. These kinds of reform have entered the educational discourse in Iceland, looking as if they were inevitable steps towards progress in the new millennium. They are modern educational sagas about Iceland and its place and role in global competition.  相似文献   

Life interpretation and religion among Icelandic teenagers     

Gunnar J. Gunnarsson 《British Journal of Religious Education》2009,31(1):3-15

Does religion play any specific part in Icelandic teenagers’ life interpretation? This paper examines Icelandic teenagers’ talk about religion and presents some of the findings in interviews with teenagers in a qualitative research project. The focus is especially on how three individuals express themselves about the influence of religion on their lives and why they do so. The aim is to explore some important aspects of the life interpretation of Icelandic teenagers with special attention to religion.  相似文献   

Ethics or Morals: Understanding Students’ Values Related to Genetic Tests on Humans     

Mats Gunnar Lindahl 《Science & Education》2009,18(10):1285-1311

To make meaning of scientific knowledge in such a way that concepts and values of the life-world are not threatened is difficult for students and laymen. Ethics and morals pertaining to the use of genetic tests for hereditary diseases have been investigated and discussed by educators, anthropologists, medical doctors and philosophers giving, at least in part, diverging results. This study investigates how students explain and understand their argumentation about dilemmas concerning gene testing for the purpose to reduce hereditary diseases. Thirteen students were interviewed about their views on this issue. Qualitative analysis was done primarily by relating students’ argumentation to their movements between ethics and morals as opposing poles. Students used either objective or subjective knowledge but had difficulties to integrate them. They tried to negotiate ethic arguments using utilitarian motives and medical knowledge with sympathy or irrational and personal arguments. They discussed the embryo’s moral status to decide if it was replaceable in a social group or not. The educational implications of the students’ use of knowledge in personal arguments are discussed.  相似文献   

The importance of the advisor’s relational and professional competence and formal power in meetings with farmers     

Bjørn Gunnar Hansen  Egil Petter Stræte  Gunn-Turid Kvam 《The Journal of Agricultural Education and Extension》2018,24(4):361-375

Purpose: The aim of the paper is to explore how advisors’ relational and professional competence influences inter-subjectivity and farmers’ perceptions of farm visits in a setting where advisors have formal power.Methodology: Advisors from the dairy company Tine, which is owned by farmers in collaboration, visit farmers at least once a year. The aim of the visit is to assist farmers in managing the farm and to control the production conditions in the cowshed. In a case study, we attended 10 such mandatory advisor visits and interviewed both farmers and advisors.Findings: Together with advisor style, our findings show that the power relation leaves room for advisors to define their roles widely, ranging from inspector to coach. Advisors have different perceptions of what their jobs are and when they have done a good job. These differences determine the degree of inter-subjectivity and how satisfied farmers are with visits. Furthermore, advisors’ relational and professional competencies are crucial for achieving high inter-subjectivity and satisfied farmers.Theoretical implications: This paper contributes to the theory by identifying factors that influence farmers’ perceptions of advisor visits, as well as by showing the importance of the advisor’s relational and professional competence in a setting where they have formal power.Practical implications: Partly as an outcome of this study, Tine has started a process to separate the control function from farm visits. Tine has also decided to let farmers choose advisors themselves. Originality/value: The power relation in our study differs from most consultant–client interactions in the literature.  相似文献