Learning Environment Perceptions of European University Students   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Wierstra  Ronny F.A.  Kanselaar  Gellof  van der Linden  Jos L.  Lodeewijks  Hans G.L.C. 《Learning Environments Research》1999,2(1):79-98

This article describes a study of the experiences of 610 Dutch students and 241 European students who studied at least three months abroad within the framework of an international exchange program. The Dutch students went to a university in another European country and the foreign students went to a Dutch university. Using a new questionnaire called the Inventory of Perceived Study Environment (IPSE), students, perceptions of eight characteristics of the university learning environment were measured concerning the home university, the host university and the ideal learning environment. With this instrument, the learning environment can be described in terms analogous to the learning strategies performed. Large differences were found between the different countries in university learning environments, but students from different countries had strikingly similar opinions concerning their desired learning environment. There was a strong preference for activating instruction with a low threshold in teacher-student interaction and more room for student alternatives.  相似文献   

Indeed,sometimes knowledge does not help: A replication study     

Stark  Robin  Gruber  Hans  Mandl  Heinz  Renkl  Alexander 《Instructional Science》1998,26(5):391-407

In an earlier study we found that intermediate experts in the domain of economics did not surpass novices in complex learning and knowledge application with a computer-based business simulation. In the present study, it was investigated whether these contra-intuitive findings can be replicated. In order to scrutinize the reasons which led to these findings, some parameters of the learning environment were changed. The duration of the exploration phase and of the problem-solving phase as well as the complexity of the situations were increased, motivation and acquired declarative knowledge were assessed. In view of mastering recurring demands and the functionality of mental models, no differences were found between a group of novices (15 students of humanities with a supplementary training in economics) and a group of intermediate experts (13 advanced students of economics). The findings of the original study were replicated, motivation had no effect on the result. In terms of declarative knowledge, the novices turned out to be even better.  相似文献   

Translation and validation of PubMed and Embase search filters for identification of systematic reviews,intervention studies,and observational studies in the field of first aid     

Bert Avau  Hans Van Remoortel  Emmy De Buck 《Journal of the Medical Library Association》2021,109(4):599

Objective:The aim of this project was to validate search filters for systematic reviews, intervention studies, and observational studies translated from Ovid MEDLINE and Embase syntax and used for searches in PubMed and Embase.com during the development of evidence summaries supporting first aid guidelines. We aimed to achieve a balance among recall, specificity, precision, and number needed to read (NNR).Methods:Reference gold standards were constructed per study type derived from existing evidence summaries. Search filter performance was assessed through retrospective searches and measurement of relative recall, specificity, precision, and NNR when using the translated search filters. Where necessary, search filters were optimized. Adapted filters were validated in separate validation gold standards.Results:Search filters for systematic reviews and observational studies reached recall of ≥85% in both PubMed and Embase. Corresponding specificities for systematic review filters were ≥96% in both databases, with a precision of 9.7% (NNR 10) in PubMed and 5.4% (NNR 19) in Embase. For observational study filters, specificity, precision, and NNR were 68%, 2%, and 51 in PubMed and 47%, 0.8%, and 123 in Embase, respectively. These filters were considered sufficiently effective. Search filters for intervention studies reached a recall of 85% and 83% in PubMed and Embase, respectively. Optimization led to recall of ≥95% with specificity, precision, and NNR of 49%, 1.3%, and 79 in PubMed and 56%, 0.74%, and 136 in Embase, respectively.Conclusions:We report validated filters to search for systematic reviews, observational studies, and intervention studies in guideline projects in PubMed and Embase.com.  相似文献   

Determination of the prevalence of anabolic steroids, stimulants, and selected drugs subject to doping controls among elite sport students using analytical chemistry     

Thevis M  Sauer M  Geyer H  Sigmund G  Mareck U  Schänzer W 《Journal of sports sciences》2008,26(10):1059-1065

Drug abuse by adolescents has been investigated in various surveys that reported correlations between age, gender, and activity. However, none of these studies included chemical analyses to help substantiate the statements of participants. In the present study, the urine specimens of 964 students (439 females, 525 males; mean age 22.1 years, s = 1.7), who applied to study sports sciences at university, were assessed for anabolic steroids, stimulants, and selected drugs prohibited in sports. In total, 11.2% of the urine specimens provided contained drugs covered by doping controls. The most frequently detected compound was the major metabolite of tetrahydrocannabinol (9.8%) followed by various stimulants related to amphetamine and cocaine (1.0%). Indications of anabolic steroid use were found in 0.4% of urine samples but originated from contraceptives containing norethisterone. The present study provided unambiguous data on the status quo of drug (ab)use by adolescents hoping for a career related to elite sport or sports sciences. No use of anabolic steroids was detected. However, evidence for stimulants and tetrahydrocannabinol administration was obtained, although not reported by any participant, which highlights the issue of under-reporting in surveys based solely on questionnaires.  相似文献   

Annual report of the committee on the library     

Hans von Strombeck 《Journal of The Franklin Institute》1892,133(2):154-155

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Arch-support foot-orthoses normalize dynamic in-shoe foot pressure distribution in medial tibial stress syndrome     

Aynollah Naderi  Hans Degens  Ainollah Sakinepoor 《European Journal of Sport Science》2019,19(2):247-257

Excessive foot pronation during gait is a risk factor in medial tibial stress syndrome (MTSS). Arch-support foot-orthoses are commonly used to manage overpronation, but it is unknown whether it is effective to manage MTSS. The present study investigated the effects of bilateral foot orthoses during running on dynamic foot-pressure distribution patterns in recreational runners with MTSS. Fifty novice (started within the last 4 months) runners diagnosed with MTSS (20.7?±?2.2 years; 71.1?±?8.6?kg; 1.78?±?0.07?m; mean?±?SD) and 50 anthropometrically-matched healthy novice runners (21.9?±?2.4 years; 71.4?±?8.8?kg; 1.73?±?0.07?m) participated in this study. The dynamic foot-pressure distribution during running with and without bilateral arch-support foot-orthoses was measured using pedobarography. MTSS novice runners have more medially directed pressures during the touchdown phase of the forefoot flat (p?=?0.009) and heel off (p?=?0.009), and a lateral pressure distribution during forefoot push-off phase (p?=?0.007) during running than healthy runners. When using the arch-support foot-orthoses the foot-pressure distribution during all phases was not significantly different from that seen in participants without MTSS. These findings indicate that during running the medial shift of foot pressures during the loading response phase and the lateral shift during the propulsion phase of foot roll-over in MTSS are effectively corrected by using arch-support foot-orthoses. The use of such arch-support orthoses may thus be an effective tool to normalize foot-pressure distribution patterns during running, indicating the potential to treat and prevent MTSS in recreational runners.  相似文献   

How Partisan Media Polarize America Matthew Levendusky. Chicago,IL: The University of Chicago Press, 2013.     

Hans C. Schmidt 《Journal of American culture (Malden, Mass. : 2003)》2014,37(3):360-361

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Book reviews     

Patti McGill Peterson  Maureen Woodhall  David Moore  Edgar Z. Friedenberg  Alan Gordon  Arthur Levine  Dennis Fox  Samuel E. Kellams  Robert T. Blackburn  Hans Draheim  Alec Ross 《Higher Education》1978,7(2):247-260

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Book reviews     

Hans Peter Widmaier  Peter R. Straumann  Graeme Kemelfield  William W. Brickman  John Vaizey  P. E. Vernon  H. L. Elvin  Edmund J. King  Horst Hörner  S. E. Torsten Lund  W. D. Halls  Maurice Reuchlin  Kamma Struwe  Eric Ashby  Helga Thomas  Horst Magdeburg  Harm Prior  Klaus Schleicher  Friedrich Scheidt  Karl -Georg Ahlström 《International Review of Education/Internationale Zeitschrift für Erziehungswissenschaft/Revue internationale l'éducation》1971,17(1):92-126

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L'intégration après coup ou à la source     

Hans Freudenthal 《Educational Studies in Mathematics》1969,1(3):327-337

Sans résuméAllocution au Congrès sur l'Intégration des enseignements scientifiques, à Varna, 11–19 septembre 1968.-Quelques paragraphes proviennent d'un article publié enEnseignement 9 (1963), 28–44.  相似文献