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Rashmita S. Mistry Aprile D. Benner Jeremy C. Biesanz Shaunna L. Clark Carollee Howes 《Early childhood research quarterly》2010
Using data from the National Early Head Start (EHS) Research and Evaluation Project (N = 1851), the current study examined relations among cumulative family and social risk, assessed during infancy and the preschool years, and children's prekindergarten achievement, self-regulatory skills, and problematic social behavior, testing if these associations were mediated through two sets of family processes–responsive parenting practices and the provision of language stimulation and literacy practices. Structural equation modeling results highlight the significance of the timing of children's experience of risk in predicting school readiness competencies. Risk exposure during infancy was observed to be most detrimental for children's school readiness skills and was partially mediated by risk exposure during the preschool years and family processes, assessed during toddlerhood and the preschool years. Moderation analyses revealed no difference in the strength of relationships among the study variables by EHS assignment or by race/ethnicity. 相似文献
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Work-based antipoverty programs for parents can enhance the school performance and social behavior of children 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
Huston AC Duncan GJ Granger R Bos J McLoyd V Mistry R Crosby D Gibson C Magnuson K Romich J Ventura A 《Child development》2001,72(1):318-318
We assess the impact of the New Hope Project, an antipoverty program tested in a random assignment experimental design, on family functioning and developmental outcomes for preschool- and school-aged children (N = 913). New Hope offered wage supplements sufficient to raise family income above the poverty threshold and subsidies for child care and health insurance to adults who worked full-time. New Hope had strong positive effects on boys' academic achievement, classroom behavior skills, positive social behavior, and problem behaviors, as reported by teachers, and on boys' own expectations for advanced education and occupational aspirations. There were not corresponding program effects for girls. The child outcomes may have resulted from a combination of the following: Children in New Hope families spent more time in formal child care programs and other structured activities away from home than did children in control families. New Hope parents were employed more, had more material resources, reported more social support, and expressed less stress and more optimism about achieving their goals than did parents in the control sample. The results suggest that an anti-poverty program that provides support for combining work and family responsibilities can have beneficial effects on the development of school-age children. 相似文献
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Of the world's largest child labor force in India, Bombay has over 30,000 working children, most of them migrants. In a prospective study of 73 working children from a part of Dharavi, the biggest slum in Asia, 68% were working as hotel boys; 22% had started working before their 10th birthday, a large number doing so to increase the family income, but earning less than Rs. 100 ($11) per month. Forty percent worked more than 12 hours a day and only 16% continued schooling. Two-thirds depended entirely on their employers for food which was adequate and no child in the study was malnourished. Overall incidence of anemia and vitamin deficiency was 10% each. Only 7% had ailments related to their occupation. Because this was a cross-sectional study no conclusions can be drawn regarding long term and residual effects. Preventing children from working is likely to make worse their own as well as their families' problems unless substitute sources of income or welfare are available. Legal protection and other services near their working places are essential for those who have to work. 相似文献
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This article is a response to María del Mar Aragón, José Antonio Acevedo-Díaz and Antonio García-Carmona’s article, which investigated pre-service teachers’ understandings of epistemic and non-epistemic aspects of the nature of science (NOS) based on the historical case study of Ignaz Semmelweis and childbed fever. We situate the study in contemporary mainstream debates on teaching NOS and argue that science educators ought to focus on conveying specific aspects of NOS in-depth, instead of covering a general check list of NOS tenets in their classrooms. Furthermore, we argue that there are multiple ways of narrating the story of science, the protagonist of science classrooms, and that educators should also be conscious of the metanarratives regarding science that get conveyed in their narratives.
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Vivek B. Kute Aruna V. Vanikar Manoj R. Gumber Himanshu V. Patel Pankaj R. Shah Sachin B. Patil Hargovind L. Trivedi 《Indian journal of clinical biochemistry : IJCB》2013,28(2):201-205
Bardet-Biedl syndrome (BBS) is a rare autosomal recessive condition characterized by retinitis pigmentosa, postaxial polydactyly, central obesity, and renal involvement. Renal failure is the commonest cause of death. We report a case of BBS with chronic kidney disease (CKD) at younger age (17 year) from India. This diagnosis should be considered in patients with renal disease and the characteristic phenotype of retinitis pigmentosa, postaxial polydactyly and central obesity. These patients should undergo regular monitoring of renal function test to early diagnosis and treatment of CKD to prevent morbidity and mortality. Renal transplantation is a viable option of renal replacement therapy in these patients. These findings are valuable for comparing phenotype of BBS patients with CKD from various national and international centers. 相似文献
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Vivek B. Kute Aruna V. Vanikar Pankaj R. Shah Manoj R. Gumber Himanshu V. Patel Divyesh P. Engineer Umang G. Thakkar Hargovind L. Trivedi 《Indian journal of clinical biochemistry : IJCB》2013,28(4):429-432
Down syndrome is one of the most common genetic causes of learning disabilities in children. Although the incidence of renal and urological involvement in Down syndrome is not very common, monitoring of patients with Down syndrome for renal diseases should be done regularly as patient’s age into the second and third decades. With increased survival, it appears that a growing number of these patients present with chronic renal failure. Down syndrome patients are apparently not suited for peritoneal dialysis because of lacking cooperation. This procedure can be prone to failure, mainly because of an increased risk of peritonitis. Handling such patients especially those on peritoneal dialysis is challenging. Here we report a case of Down syndrome with end-stage renal disease treated with hemodialysis for 6 months. To the best of our knowledge and current literature review this is the first case report of a patient with Down syndrome undergoing hemodialysis. 相似文献