The role of orthographic flexibility in Chinese word reading among kindergarten children     

Cathy Y. C. Fong  P. Y. Chung 《教育心理学》2020,40(7):804-819

Abstract

The present study aimed to examine the potential importance of orthographic flexibility for Chinese reading acquisition. Orthographic flexibility is a novel concept that represents the ability to manage and switch attention among multiple aspects of orthographic information. A total of 92 Chinese kindergarten children at age 6 were assessed on measures of orthographic flexibility, orthographic knowledge, executive functions (EF) skills (i.e. cognitive flexibility and working memory) and Chinese word reading. Results of hierarchical regressions showed that orthographic flexibility uniquely and significantly contributed to word reading beyond the effects of established predictors, namely orthographic knowledge and EF skills. Path analysis further indicated that orthographic flexibility significantly mediated the contribution of EF skills to word reading. These findings provided theoretical insights into the linkage between domain-general EF skills and domain-specific reading ability. The present study also provided practical implication that training on orthographic flexibility in addition to orthographic knowledge could be beneficial to early acquisition of Chinese word reading.  相似文献   

Meaning in life and school guidance programs: Adolescents’ voices from Hong Kong     

Yuen  Mantak  Chung  Y. B.  Lee  Queenie A. Y.  Lau  Patrick S. Y.  Chan  Raymond M. C.  Gysbers  Norman C.  Shea  Peter M. K. 《International Journal for Educational and Vocational Guidance》2020,20(3):653-676

International Journal for Educational and Vocational Guidance - This study provides insights into how Chinese adolescents in Hong Kong interpret the concept of “meaning in life.” Data...  相似文献   

The role of stroke knowledge in reading and spelling in Chinese     

Lap‐yan Lo  Pui‐sze Yeung  Connie Suk‐Han Ho  David Wai‐ock Chan  Kevin Chung 《Journal of Research in Reading》2016,39(4):367-388

The present study examined the types of orthographic knowledge that are important in learning to read and spell Chinese words in a 2‐year longitudinal study following 289 Hong Kong Chinese children from Grade 1 to Grade 2. Multiple regression results showed that radical knowledge significantly predicted children's word reading and spelling performance across the years. Stroke knowledge contributed both concurrently (Grade 1) and longitudinally (Grade 2) to children's spelling performance after controlling for rapid naming, phonological awareness, morphological awareness and radical knowledge. These findings support the significance of radical knowledge in Chinese reading and spelling and the specific role of stroke order knowledge in Chinese spelling. The findings have implications for the design of an effective curriculum for teaching children to spell Chinese characters.  相似文献   

对虾的致病性蜡状芽孢杆菌的分离及其特性     

黄吉城  钟英长 《中山大学学报论丛》1990,(2)

从感染“黑鳃病”的对虾中,分离出一珠对虾的致病菌,经鉴定为蜡伏芽孢杆菌。通过鳃部吸附及肌注感染,受感染的对虾迅速死亡,注射该菌株的培养上清液,对虾也迅速死亡,显示蜡状芽孢杆菌的胞外代谢物,在对虾致病过程中起着重要作用。  相似文献   

信息化和电子政务发展的战略定位:中国和美国的比较分析     

马连杰  郑钟弼 《科学学与科学技术管理》2006,27(10):85-92

分析比较了中国和美国在电子政务发展的战略目标、管理体制和战略实施三个方面的差异,并详细研究了中美两国在促进电子政务发展中的法律、政策和实施项目三个方面的异同。针对中国的实际,借鉴美国电子政务的经验,提出中国电子政务发展战略的初步建议。  相似文献   

Career Development of Black Males: Case Studies     

Y. Barry Chung  Monica L. Baskin  Andrew B. Case 《Journal of Career Development》1999,25(3):161-171

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Rare cell isolation and profiling on a hybrid magnetic/size-sorting chip     

Jaehoon Chung  David Issadore  Adeeti Ullal  Kyungheon Lee  Ralph Weissleder  Hakho Lee 《Biomicrofluidics》2013,7(5)

We present a hybrid magnetic/size-sorting (HMSS) chip for isolation and molecular analyses of circulating tumor cells (CTCs). The chip employs both negative and positive cell selection in order to provide high throughput, unbiased CTC enrichment. Specifically, the system utilizes a self-assembled magnet to generate high magnetic forces and a weir-style structure for cell sorting. The resulting device thus can perform multiple functions, including magnetic depletion, size-selective cell capture, and on-chip molecular staining. With such capacities, the HMSS device allowed one-step CTC isolation and single cell detection from whole blood, tested with spiked cancer cells. The system further facilitated the study of individual CTCs for heterogeneity in molecular marker expression.Circulating tumor cells (CTCs) have emerged as an important biomarker in clinical practice as well as in fundamental research.^{1, 2} CTCs, shed from primary tumors, have been shown to be an early harbinger of tumor expansion and metastasis³ and have been used to predict disease progression, response to treatment, relapse, and overall survival.^{4, 5, 6} Recent work has shown that CTCs display distinct proteomic and genetic profiles; for example, CTCs in pancreatic cancer, have increased RNA expression of Wnt, implicating this pathway in metastasis.⁷ Proteomic characterization of proliferative markers such as Ki-67, and hormonal markers such as androgen receptor in prostate cancer, also have been shown to be predictive of treatment outcome.^{8, 9}Despite such clinical potential of CTCs, their routine detection and characterization still remains a significant technical challenge.¹⁰ The task requires screening of a large number of cells (e.g., > 10⁷ cells in 10 ml blood) and enrichment of heterogeneous targets against a complex biological background. Two main methods of CTC isolation are typically used: positive and negative selection. In positive selection, CTCs are directly isolated from blood via size-based filtration^{11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20} or antibody-based capture.^{1, 8, 21} Negative depletion reduces abundant blood cells, often by immunomagnetic separation, for downstream CTC enrichment.²² Both approaches have been used for high throughput CTC isolation from whole blood (SI Table 1).²³ Each method, however, has its own inherent limitations. Positive enrichment could be biased by its selection criteria (e.g., cell size and cell surface markers). Negative selection, albeit unbiased, often requires complex sample processing (e.g., multiple washing steps for CTC isolation) that could result in cell loss.We hypothesized that both positive and negative selection could be combined in a single platform to enable (1) highly efficient and unbiased CTC purification, and (2) in-situ molecular analyses of collected cells. As a proof-of-concept, we herein describe a hybrid magnetic/size-sorting (HMSS) system that integrates magnetic and size-based isolation into a compact microfluidic chip. The HMSS first uses a magnetic filter to deplete leukocytes through immunomagnetic capture. Samples then pass through a size-sorter region that traps individual cells at predefined locations. Since abundant leukocytes are removed by the magnetic filter, the size-sorter could have a low size cut-off (∼5 μm), which allows for the unbiased capture of even small cancer cells. Furthermore, molecular probes can be introduced to perform on-chip, multiplexed analyses at single-cell resolution. We evaluated the utility of the developed system by capturing and profiling tumor cells in whole blood. The HMSS offers the advantages of both negative and positive selection and thereby differs from the recently reported iChip system²⁴ which can operate only in either a negative or a positive selection mode.  相似文献   

Media Literacy Art Education: Deconstructing Lesbian and Gay Stereotypes in the Media     

Sheng Kuan Chung 《The International Journal of Art & Design Education》2007,26(1):98-107

Popular media such as films, television programmes/commercials and magazines have become the dominant source through which children learn about others and their world, develop attitudes and beliefs as manifested in media expressions, and formulate their sense of identity. Popular media have enormous influence on children who are constantly immersing themselves in value‐laden media images that perpetuate over‐generalised representations of cultural groups, in particular, lesbian and gay stereotypes. By critically examining media images in the art room, media literacy art education offers art teachers and their students an opportunity to nurture their aesthetic sensibilities, social awareness and the media literacy necessary to resist and challenge prejudiced, dehumanised or unjust social practices. This article explores issues of lesbian and gay stereotypes in the media, and proposes using media images as a pedagogical device to help students deconstruct them.  相似文献   

我国民办高等教育需求市场信息状况分析     

占盛丽  钟宇平 《民办教育研究》2006,(3)

信息不完善是高等教育市场失灵的一个重要表现。我国民办高等教育的发展基本是以市场为主导,需求者对信息了解的准确性与全面性将对民办高等教育的健康发展具有重要意义。本文以对全国四个省市10513名高三学生的调查为基础,分析我国高中生对民办高等教育的信息了解状况,以期从信息的角度为民办高等教育的健康发展提出建设性意见。  相似文献   

CBM maze-scores as indicators of reading level and growth for seventh-grade students     

Siuman Chung  Christine A. Espin  Claire E. Stevenson 《Reading and writing》2018,31(3):627-648

The technical adequacy of CBM maze-scores as indicators of reading level and growth for seventh-grade secondary-school students was examined. Participants were 452 Dutch students who completed weekly maze measures over a period of 23 weeks. Criterion measures were school level, dyslexia status, scores and growth on a standardized reading test. Results supported the technical adequacy of maze scores as indicators of reading level and growth. Alternate-form reliability coefficients were significant and intermediate to high. Mean maze scores showed significant increase over time, students’ growth trajectories differed, and students’ initial performance levels (intercepts) and growth rates (slopes) were not correlated. Maze reading level and growth were related to reading level and/or growth on criterion measures. A nonlinear model provided a better fit for the data than a linear model. Implications for use of CBM maze-scores for data-based decision-making are discussed.  相似文献