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91.
This study investigates networked framing of terrorism news in Twitter by distinguishing three proximity effects (geographic, social, and temporal proximity) on audience and media institutional frames (i.e., episodic/thematic and space frames), based on construal-level theory. An analysis of tweets during the Boston Marathon bombing and the Brussels Airport attack finds that institutional and audience frames show similarity but do not always converge on Twitter. Similarities in the audience and institutional frames are attributed to a universal human tendency for social categorization, inherent in the minds of not only ordinary citizens but also journalists. Proximity effects, however, were more salient on audience frames than on institutional frames. 相似文献
92.
The relevancy of public libraries is often called into question, with some saying that library services have been or will be displaced by, among other things, new media such as social media. This study tested this displacement hypothesis with survey data collected from three nations (the U.S.: N = 879; South Korea: N = 700; and Singapore: N = 987). Ordinal regressions were used to investigate the relationship between the use of social media and nine public library services, taking into account individual demographic differences. The results show that for all three nations, social media use has significant complementary relationships with all nine library services examined. Computer and information literacy training showed the largest effect size. However, signs of displacement effects were observed in the odds ratio statistics, particularly among daily social media users and in reference services, library visits, and time spent in the library, suggesting that where displacement is concerned, these areas warrant extra attention. 相似文献
93.
Hyun-Joo Jeon Kyong-Ah Kwon Bridget Walsh Melissa M. Burnham Yun-Jung Choi 《Early education and development》2019,30(1):131-144
Research Findings: This study used teacher questionnaires to investigate the relationships of early childhood education teachers’ depressive symptoms, professional motivation, and job-related stress to their beliefs about children and teaching practices. Teachers (N = 207) were recruited from early childhood education programs in the southern United States. Path analyses showed that teachers who exhibited fewer depressive symptoms were more likely to have a career orientation to their jobs and indicated feeling less job-related stress. Teachers with a career orientation to their jobs were also more likely to have child-centered beliefs and endorse developmentally appropriate teaching practices. Teachers’ job-related stress, however, was not related to beliefs about children or teaching practices. Practice or Policy: These results suggest that teachers’ psychological and job-related well-being are linked to their beliefs about children and teaching practice in early childhood education. It is therefore important to provide support systems and preventive programs for teachers to enhance their well-being. 相似文献
94.
AbstractWhile professional development has been emphasised in many countries, few comparative studies have examined the degree of teachers’ participation in professional development and its effect on teachers. Using the TIMSS 2007 data, this study analyses to what extent teachers participated in professional development in 50 TIMSS countries and examines the relationship among high-quality teachers’ professional development, teachers’ beliefs, attitudes and job satisfaction. The study found that the extent to which teachers have participated in professional developmental activities was surprisingly low. In particular, teachers in 47 countries have rarely participated in active learning. The study also found that high-quality teacher professional development was significantly associated with greater job satisfaction, higher expectations for student performance and more positive attitudes in teachers concerning their implementing the school’s curriculum. Policy implications for professional development are discussed. 相似文献
95.
96.
Responses to the Negative Emotions of Others by Autistic, Mentally Retarded, and Normal Children 总被引：9，自引：0，他引：9
Attention, facial affect, and behavioral responses to adults showing distress, fear, and discomfort were compared for autistic, mentally retarded, and normal children. The normal and mentally retarded children were very attentive to adults in all 3 situations. In contrast, many of the autistic children appeared to ignore or not notice the adults showing these negative affects. As a group, the autistic children looked at the adults less and were much more engaged in toy play than the other children during periods when an adult pretended to be hurt. The autistic children were also less attentive to adults showing fear, although their behavior was not different from the normal children. Few of the children in any group showed much facial affect in response to these situations. The results are discussed in terms of the importance of affect in the social learning experiences of the young child. 相似文献
97.
The purpose of the present study was to test the hypothesis that student’s abductive reasoning skills play an important role
in the generation of hypotheses on pendulum motion tasks. To test the hypothesis, a hypothesis-generating test on pendulum
motion, and a prior-belief test about pendulum motion were developed and administered to a sample of 5th grade children. A
significant number of subjects who have prior belief about the length to alter pendulum motion failed to apply their prior
belief to generate a hypothesis on a swing task. These results suggest that students’ failure in hypothesis generation was
related to abductive reasoning ability, rather than simple lack of prior belief. This study, then, supports the notion that
abductive reasoning ability beyond prior belief plays an important role in the process of hypothesis generation. This study
suggests that science education should provide teaching about abductive reasoning as well as scientific declarative knowledge
for developing children’s hypothesis-generation skills. 相似文献
98.
The incidence of cross-licensing: A theory and new evidence on the firm and contract level determinants 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
This paper examines the firm and contract level determinants of the incidence of cross-licensing among manufacturing firms. It develops a simple stochastic theory explaining such incidence, which implies that cross-licensing, compared with unilateral licensing, is more prevalent between large and symmetric firms under a reasonable set of assumptions. We find strong empirical support to these implications, based on a new dataset of more than 1100 licensing contracts by Japanese manufacturing firms. We also find that the incidence of cross-licensing is higher when the contract covers only patent than when it covers only know-how, consistent with the theory. The licensing probability between two firms depends primarily on the size of a potential licensor, which, according to the theory, is consistent with the fact that a licensor is larger than a licensee on the average. 相似文献
99.
This study focuses on 2 sound elements of sports broadcasting. Specifically, this study sought to explore the differential and combinational effects of commentary sound and on-site spectator sound on the motor resonance and attentional process of viewers. To analyze, this study selected electroencephalogram (EEG) time-frequency analysis using wavelet transforms as a method to observe the viewers’ direct brain responses. The overall findings suggest that delivering on-site spectator’s sound needs to be regarded as important as it can have a significant effect on viewers’ sports-viewing experience. 相似文献
100.
This study investigated the neural correlates of experts and novices during biological object pattern detection using an fMRI
approach in order to reveal the neural correlates of a biologist’s superior pattern discovery ability. Sixteen healthy male
participants (8 biologists and 8 non-biologists) volunteered for the study. Participants were shown fifteen series of organism
pictures and asked to detect patterns amid stimulus pictures. Primary findings showed significant activations in the right
middle temporal gyrus and inferior parietal lobule amongst participants in the biologist (expert) group. Interestingly, the
left superior temporal gyrus was activated in participants from the non-biologist (novice) group. These results suggested
that superior pattern discovery ability could be related to a functional facilitation of the parieto-temporal network, which
is particularly driven by the right middle temporal gyrus and inferior parietal lobule in addition to the recruitment of additional
brain regions. Furthermore, the functional facilitation of the network might actually pertain to high coherent processing
skills and visual working memory capacity. Hence, study results suggested that adept scientific thinking ability can be detected
by neuronal substrates, which may be used as criteria for developing and evaluating a brain-based science curriculum and test
instrument. 相似文献