Differential Reading,Naming, and Transcribing Speeds of Japanese Romaji and Hiragana     

Jun?YamadaEmail author  Che?Kan?Leong 《Reading and writing》2005,18(4):303-323

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A componential approach to understanding reading and its difficulties in preadolescent readers     

Che Kan Leong 《Annals of dyslexia》1988,38(1):95-119

The present study is predicated on the logic of interrelated functional information processing components as an approach to understanding reading and its difficulties in preadolescent readers. The structural equation modelling (and its variants) involved these three latent components: (a) orthographic/phonological component, (b) morphological component, and (c) sentence and paragraph comprehension component. These components were subserved by a total of ten measurable tasks, all administered on-line via the microcomputer under laboratory conditions with reaction time measures as indices of mental representation of word knowledge and sentence/paragraph comprehension. The latent dependent component of reading performance was subserved by standardized vocabulary and reading comprehension tests. The total sample consisted of 298 children in grades, 4, 5, and 6. Maximum likelihood analyses using LISREL show that the data in general do not disconfirm the proposed model for grade 4 readers. The three-component model, with some variables set free, provides a reasonable fit for the grade 5 data but less claim could be made about the goodness of fit for grade 6. The results show the mutually reinforcing and mutually facilitating effects of multilevels and multicomponents of reading. Word structure and word knowledge are particularly predictive of reading. The present Phase 1 work would be validated in a follow-up of another cohort of readers and would also lead to the systematic training of some of the components with poor readers. This study was supported by a grant (No. 410-86-0048) from the Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council of Canada.  相似文献   

Component skills of text comprehension in less competent Chinese comprehenders   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Leong CK  Hau KT  Tse SK  Loh KY 《Annals of dyslexia》2007,57(1):75-97

The present study examined the role of verbal working memory (memory span and tongue-twister), two-character Chinese pseudoword reading (two tasks), rapid automatized naming (RAN) (letters and numbers), and phonological segmentation (deletion of rimes and onsets) in inferential text comprehension in Chinese in 31 less competent comprehenders compared with 37 reading comprehension control students and 23 chronological age controls. It was hypothesized that the target students would perform poorly on these cognitive and linguistic tasks as compared with their controls. Furthermore, verbal working memory and pseudoword reading would explain a considerable amount of individual variation in Chinese text comprehension. RAN would have a nonsignificant role in text comprehension. Structural equation analyses and hierarchical multiple regression analyses generally upheld these hypotheses. Our findings support current literature of the role of verbal working memory in reading comprehension found in English. The results, however, suggest differential role of the constructs and the tasks in reading comprehension and provide some answers for comprehension impairment in Chinese students.  相似文献   

THE FORGOTTEN MINORITY     

Ivan Z. Holowinsky 《Review of Education, Pedagogy & Cultural Studies》2013,35(1):69-73

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Borderlands     

Ivan Nabokov 《Publishing Research Quarterly》1998,14(2):11-15

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Decolonising curriculum practice: developing the indigenous cultural capability of university graduates     

Harrison  Neil  Clarke  Ivan 《Higher Education》2022,83(1):183-197

Higher Education - The pedagogical urge to decolonise student thinking has been at the heart of the drive to embed Indigenous knowledge in universities throughout the western world. Despite ongoing...  相似文献   

CHALLENGE TO THE SCHOOLS     

Ivan A. Nestingen 《Equity & Excellence in Education》2013,46(6):45-46

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Subspace design of low-rank estimators for higher-order statistics     

Ivan Bradaric  Athina P. Petropulu  Konstantinos I. Diamantaras 《Journal of The Franklin Institute》2002,339(2):161-187

Higher-order statistics (HOS) are well known for their robustness to additive Gaussian noise and ability to preserve phase. HOS estimates, on the other hand, have been criticized for high complexity and the need for long data in order to maintain small variance. Since rank reduction offers a general principle for reduction of estimator variance and complexity, we consider the problem of designing low-rank estimators for HOS. We propose three methods for choosing the transformation matrix that reduces the mean-square error (MSE) associated with the low-rank HOS estimates. We also demonstrate the advantages of using low-rank third-order moment estimates for blind system estimation. Results indicate that the full rank MSE corresponding to some data length N can be attained by a low-rank estimator corresponding to a length significantly smaller than N.  相似文献   

Graphenes — Aromatic giants     

Ivan Gutman  Boris Furtula 《Resonance》2011,16(12):1238-1245

Recently, extremely large benzenoid hydrocarbons have been synthesized. These compounds resemble graphite in many ways, and have been named graphenes. Because of their nonstandard properties, graphenes have already found numerous applications, especially as special-purpose materials in electronics. In this article we outline the basic chemical facts on graphenes.  相似文献   

Oxide     

Russell Leong 《Journal of American culture (Malden, Mass. : 2003)》1993,16(3):113-113

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