Training Programmes for Teachers of Reading in New Zealand     

Tom Nicholson 《Asia-Pacific Journal of Teacher Education》1979,7(3-4):116-119

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The Effect of Goal-Line Presentation and Goal Selection on First-Grader Subtraction Fluency     

Thomas J. Gross  Gary J. Duhon  Brooke Hansen  Julie E. Rowland  Greg Schutte  Joey Williams 《Journal of Experimental Education》2013,81(4):555-571

Math proficiency is related to math calculation fluency. Explicit timing provides repeated practice for math fluency. It is enhanced through goal setting, graphic feedback, and rewards. Self-selected goals have potential to increase performance for math fluency. This study compared the effect of goal lines, and researcher goals versus self-selected goals. The authors compared three groups: (a) researcher-selected goals only, (b) researcher-selected goals with goal lines, and (c) self-selected goals with goal lines. First-grade students completed subtraction probes and colored in a bar graph with their performance. When participants met or exceeded their goals, participants received rewards twice per week. Results indicated that the researcher-selected goals with goal lines procedures with explicit timing had the greatest effect on subtraction fluency for first-grade students. The researcher-selected goals with goal lines and self-selected goals with goal lines groups outperformed the researcher-selected goals-only group.  相似文献   

Medical students' understanding of the concept of a soul     

Helen Martyn  Anthony Barrett  Helen D. Nicholson 《Anatomical sciences education》2013,6(6):410-414

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Sport's social provisions     

Matthew Nicholson  Kevin Brown  Russell Hoye 《Sport Management Review》2013,16(2):148-160

This paper explores the relationship between sport and social capital by reporting on research that examined the social provisions of individuals’ involvement in sport and non-sport community organisations. Data were collected on levels of involvement in community sport and other third sector organisations, selected demographic variables, and a measure of social support using the Social Provisions Scale (Cutrona, 1984, Cutrona, 1986, Cutrona and Russell, 1987). The findings support the contention that social support developed through involvement in sport organisations is stronger than that developed through involvement in non-sport community organisations, but reveal that differences in the type, tenure and intensity of involvement in sport organisations had no significant impact on the strength of support developed.  相似文献   

Understanding the foundation: the state of generalist search education in library schools as related to the needs of expert searchers in medical libraries.     

Scott Nicholson 《Journal of the Medical Library Association》2005,93(1):61-68

PURPOSE: The paper explores the current state of generalist search education in library schools and considers that foundation in respect to the Medical Library Association's statement on expert searching. SETTING/SUBJECTS: Syllabi from courses with significant searching components were examined from ten of the top library schools, as determined by the U.S. News & World Report rankings. METHODOLOGY: Mixed methods were used, but primarily quantitative bibliometric methods were used. RESULTS: The educational focus in these searching components was on understanding the generalist searching resources and typical users and on performing a reflective search through application of search strategies, controlled vocabulary, and logic appropriate to the search tool. There is a growing emphasis on Web-based search tools and a movement away from traditional set-based searching and toward free-text search strategies. While a core set of authors is used in these courses, no core set of readings is used. DISCUSSION/CONCLUSION: While library schools provide a strong foundation, future medical librarians still need to take courses that introduce them to the resources, settings, and users associated with medical libraries. In addition, as more emphasis is placed on Web-based search tools and free-text searching, instructors of the specialist medical informatics courses will need to focus on teaching traditional search methods appropriate for common tools in the medical domain.  相似文献   

Hard to reach and hard to teach: supporting the self-regulation of learning in an alternative provision secondary school     

David W. Putwain  Laura J. Nicholson  Jenna L. Edwards 《Educational studies》2016,42(1):1-18

Since 2010, new types of state-funded schools have opened in England with a focus on providing alternative education provision. Very little is known about these schools, partly due to their novelty, and how they are attempting to re-engage those students who for various, and often complex, reasons have become disconnected from education. We scrutinised the approach used at one such school to examine what instructional practices were used, how they were adapted to the needs of the students and what factors enabled and obstructed (re)engagement. Data were collected over a month-long fieldwork visit and included semi-structured interviews with staff and students, and semi-structured classroom observations. Instructional approaches were used that supported the learning of students who were not experienced in, or had difficulty with, regulating their learning. These included breaking down tasks, providing lots of on-task prompts, encouragement, using frequent feedback and scaffolding, and offering quick support to students. This approach allowed students to re-engage with their learning and make progress towards important qualifications required for entry to the labour market and post-compulsory education and training.  相似文献   

To what extent does children’s spelling improve as a result of learning words with the look,say, cover,write, check,fix strategy compared with phonological spelling strategies?     

Susan Dymock  Tom Nicholson 《Australian Journal of Learning Difficulties》2017,22(2):171-187

Abstract

The ubiquitous weekly spelling test assumes that words are best learned by memorisation and testing but is this the best way? This study compared two well-known approaches to spelling instruction, the rule based and visual memory approaches. A group of 55 seven-year-olds in two Year 3 classrooms was taught spelling in small groups for three lessons a week, 20-min per lesson, over ten weeks. In the first intervention, students learned statistically likely spelling strategies for vowel sounds, syllable breaking strategies, and the doubling rule. In the second intervention, students used a look, say, cover, write, check, fix strategy, listed words in alphabetical order, and wrote them in sentences. The control group completed non-spelling activities. Results showed that although both intervention groups learned to spell taught words better than the control group, the rule-based approach had greater transfer to spelling of new words for both proficient and less proficient spellers.  相似文献   

Developmental Trends in the Ability of Primary School Children to Construct Models from Diagrams     

G.M. Seddon  J.R. Nicholson 《教育心理学》1985,5(1):55-64

Abstract The aim of the investigation was to determine and compare the developmental trends in the ability of Primary school children to build three‐dimensional models from diagrams, and in the prerequisite ability to understand the spatial relationships portrayed in the diagrams. The results showed that over a period of five years the ability of English and Nigerian children to understand the diagrams did not improve significantly. However, whereas the English children tended to understand the three‐dimensionality portrayed in the diagrams, the Nigerian children did not. In constructing the models, only the English children showed significant improvement in the later stages of Primary education.  相似文献   

Reasoning with Data – Time for a Rethink?     

James Nicholson  Jim Ridgway  Sean McCusker 《Teaching Statistics》2006,28(1):2-9

Reasoning with data is already pervasive in society, and its importance as a life skill is increasing. We argue that the current statistics curriculum in the United Kingdom at the secondary level does not prepare our young people adequately, and suggest ways in which it could be improved.  相似文献   

Exploring learning goals and assessment approaches for Indigenous health education: a qualitative study in Australia and New Zealand     

Clare Delany  Lachlan Doughney  Lilon Bandler  Louise Harms  Shawana Andrews  Patricia Nicholson  Louisa Remedios  Wendy Edmondson  Lauren Kosta  Shaun Ewen 《Higher Education》2018,75(2):255-270

In higher education, assessment is key to student learning. Assessments which promote critical thinking necessary for sustained learning beyond university are highly valued. However, the design of assessment tasks to achieve these types of thinking skills and dispositions to act in professional practice has received little attention. This research examines how academics design assessment to achieve these learning goals in Indigenous health education. Indigenous health education is an important area of learning for health practitioners to help address worldwide patterns of health inequities that exist for Indigenous people. We used a constructivist qualitative methodology to (i) explore learning goals and assessment strategies used in Indigenous health tertiary education and (ii) examine how they relate to higher education assessment ideals. Forty-one academics (from nine health disciplines) involved in teaching Indigenous health content participated in a semi-structured interview. Thematic analysis revealed learning goals to transform students’ perspectives and capacities to think critically and creatively about their role in Indigenous health. In contrast, assessment tasks encouraged more narrowly bounded thinking to analyse information about historical and socio-cultural factors contributing to Indigenous health. To transform students to be critical health practitioners capable of working and collaborating with Indigenous people to advance their health and well-being, the findings suggest that assessment may need to be nested across many aspects of the curriculum using a programmatic approach, and with a focus on learning to think and act for future practice. These findings accord with more recent calls for transformation of learning and assessment in health education.  相似文献