Antioxidant response and oxidative damage induced by a swimming session: influence of gender     

Tauler P  Ferrer MD  Romaguera D  Sureda A  Aguilo A  Tur J  Pons A 《Journal of sports sciences》2008,26(12):1303-1311

In this study, we examined oxidative stress after a swimming session, the responses of the antioxidant defences, and the influence of gender on these responses. Fifteen boys and eight girls participated voluntarily in the study. Plasma concentrations of 17-beta-estradiol, vitamin E, retinol, carotenes, ascorbate, malondialdehyde, and the carbonyl index were determined. Creatine kinase, gamma glutamyl transpeptidase, and lactate dehydrogenase activities, as well as glucose, urea, urate, cholesterol, and triglycerides, were determined in serum. Plasma concentrations of 17-beta-estradiol were higher in girls than in boys. Exercise increased plasma ascorbate both in boys and in girls. Malondialdehyde increased in boys but was maintained in girls after exercise. Creatine kinase values corrected for lean body mass were similar in boys and girls at baseline, but the post-exercise values in boys were higher than in girls. A positive correlation was observed in boys, but not in girls, between plasma malondialdehyde and creatine kinase corrected concentrations. Furthermore, a negative correlation was observed between the increase in circulating neutrophils and in creatine kinase activity in girls but not in boys. In conclusion, a swimming session induced higher muscular and oxidative damage in boys than in girls.  相似文献   

Uso/adquisición de una lengua extranjera en el marco escolar entre los tres y los seis años     

Josep Maria Artigal 《Cultura y Educación》2013,25(7-8):127-144

A partir de actividades organizadas en torno a la escenificación activa de cuentos por parte de toda la clase—maestra y alumnos—, y que funcionan como primer «territorio compartido» en la nueva lengua. Se presentan en este artículo un conjunto de materiales elaborados para la introducción escolar de una lengua extranjera entre los 3 y los 6 años (preescolar y primero de EGB). El diseño presentado se ha realizado partiendo de una doble hipótesis: en primer lugar, que, lejos de ser primero aprendida y posteriormente utilizada, la nueva lengua es adquirida a través de su propio uso; en segundo lugar, que este « uso/adquisición» de la lengua que aún no se conoce (suficientemente) es un proceso interactivo que, inevitablemente, sólo podrá construirse en colaboración con otros interlocutores.  相似文献   

Using compositional data analysis to explore accumulation of sedentary behavior,physical activity and youth health     

Simone J.J.M.Verswijveren  Karen E.Lamb  Josep A.Martín-Fernández  Elisabeth Winkler  Rebecca M.Leech  Anna Timperio  Jo Salmon  Robin M.Daly  Ester Cerin  David W.Dunstan  Rohan M.Telford  Richard D.Telford  Lisa S.Olive  Nicola D.Ridgers 《运动与健康科学(英文)》2022,11(2):234-243

Purpose:The study aimed to describe youth time-use compositions,focusing on time spent in shorter and longer bouts of sedentary behavior and physical activity(PA),and to examine associations of these time-use compositions with cardiometabolic biomarkers.Methods:Accelerometer and cardiometabolic biomarker data from 2 Australian studies involving youths 7-13 years old were pooled(complete cases with accelerometry and adiposity marker data,n=782).A 9-component time-use composition was formed using compositional data analysis:time in shorter and longer bouts of sedentary behavior;time in shorter and longer bouts of light-,moderate-,or vigorous-intensity PA;and"other time"(i.e.,non-wear/sleep).Shorter and longer bouts of sedentary time were defined as<5 min and>5 min,respectively.Shorter bouts of light-,moderate-,and vigorous-intensity PA were defined as<1 min;longer bouts were defined as≥1 min.Regression models examined associations between overall time-use composition and cardiometabolic biomarkers.Then,associations were derived between ratios of longer activity patterns relative to shorter activity patterns,and of each intensity level relative to the other intensity levels and"other time",and cardiometabolic biomarkers.Results:Confounder-adjusted models showed that the overall time-use composition was associated with adiposity,blood pressure,lipids,and the summary score.Specifically,more time in longer bouts of light-intensity PA relative to shorter bouts of light-intensity PA was significantly associated with greater body mass index z-score(zBMI)(β=1.79;SE=0.68)and waist circumference(β=18.35,SE=4.78).When each activity intensity was considered relative to all higher intensities and"other time",more time in light-and vigorous-intensity PA,and less time in sedentary behavior and moderate-intensity PA,were associated with lower waist circumference.Conclusion:Accumulating PA,particularly light-intensity PA,in frequent short bursts may be more beneficial for limiting adiposity compared to accumulating the same amount of PA at these intensities in longer bouts.  相似文献   

Literacy: An Introduction     

Janet Soler 《Literacy》2006,40(1):59-59

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Aragonese Tiles in a Flemish Castle: A Chivalric Gift-Exchange Network in Fifteenth-Century Europe     

Wim De Clercq  Jonas Braekevelt  Jaume Coll Conesa  Hilmi Kaçar  Josep Vicente Lerma  Jan Dumolyn 《Al-Masaq: Islam & the Medieval Mediterranean》2015,27(2):153-171

Excavation of the mid-fifteenth-century castle of Pieter Bladelin, a high-ranking Burgundian official, in the village of Middelburg-in-Flanders, near Bruges (Belgium), has unearthed a remarkable series of blue and white painted and glazed floor tiles. Post-excavation archival and heraldic inquiries into the tiles has led to a deeper understanding of the role that gift exchange of luxury objects played within the diplomatic network of Alfonso V “the Magnanimous”, King of Aragon, and Philip “the Good”, Duke of Burgundy, in shaping a shared chivalric and crusading culture between Burgundy and Aragon. The study demonstrates the added value of the integration of archaeological and historical data in studying economic, political and cultural processes for the later medieval or early modern period.  相似文献   

The Challenge and Opportunity of Competency‐Based Counselor Education     

Patrick Akos  Suzan Z. Wasik  Angela McDonald  Michelle Soler  Diana Lys 《Counselor Education & Supervision》2019,58(2):98-111

There is increased responsibility for programs to demonstrate evidence of student learning and skill. Application of competency‐based education is delineated, including prior learning assessment and personalized learning. Implications such as awarding credit for experience in admissions or variable clinical training timelines and requirements are explored.  相似文献   

Comprehension of Novel Communicative Signs by Apes and Human Children   总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6  

Michael Tomasello  Josep Call  rea Gluckman 《Child development》1997,68(6):1067-1080

Forty-eight young children (2.5 and 3.0 years old) and 9 great apes (6 chimpanzees and 3 orangutans) participated in a hiding- finding game. An adult human experimenter (the Hider) hid a reward in 1 of 3 opaque containers aligned on a wooden plank. Another adult experimenter (the Communicator) attempted to help the subject find the reward by giving 1 of 3 types of communicative sign: (1) Pointing, For which she placed her hand directly above the correct container with index finger oriented down; (2) Marker, for which she paced a small wooden block on top of the correct container; and (3) Replica, For which she held up a perceptually identical duplicate of the correct container. At both ages, children were above chance in this finding game with all 3 types of communicative sign, with pointing being easiest Cbecause they knew it prior to the experiment), Marker being next easiest, and Replica being most difficult. In contrast, no ape was above chance for any of the communicative signs that it did not know before the experiment (some had been trained in the use of the marker previously, and one knew pointing), nor was group performance above chance for any of the signs despite the fact that apes experienced three times as many trials as children on each sign. Our explanation of these results is that young children understand the communicative intentions of other persons—although they may have more difficulty comprehending the exact nature of those intentions in some cases—whereas apes treat the behavioral signs of others as predictive cues only (signals). This may be because apes do not Perceive and understand the communicative intentions of others at least not in a human-like way.  相似文献   

Teaching of Energy Issues: A Debate Proposal for a Global Reorientation     

Josep Lluis Doménech  Daniel Gil-Pérez  Albert Gras-Martí  Jenaro Guisasola  Joaquín Martínez-Torregrosa  Julia Salinas  Ricardo Trumper  Pablo Valdés  Amparo Vilches 《Science & Education》2007,16(1):43-64

The growing awareness of serious difficulties in the learning of energy issues has produced a great deal of research, most of which is focused on specific conceptual aspects. In our opinion, the difficulties pointed out in the literature are interrelated and connected to other aspects (conceptual as well as procedural and axiological), which are not sufficiently taken into account in previous research. This paper aims to carry out a global analysis in order to avoid the more limited approaches that deal only with individual aspects. From this global analysis we have outlined 24 propositions that are put forward for debate to lay the foundations for a profound reorientation of the teaching of energy topics in upper high school courses, in order to facilitate a better scientific understanding of these topics, avoid many students’ misconceptions and enhance awareness of the current situation of planetary emergency. This paper has been conceived as a contribution to the Decade of Education for Sustainable Development, established by the UN General Assembly for the period 2005–2014.  相似文献   

University Policy and Coordination Systems between Governments and Universities: The Experience of the Catalan University System     

Vilalta  Josep 《Tertiary Education and Management》2001,7(1):9-22

The co-ordination, control and financing mechanisms for higher education institutions have been the subject of ongoing political analysis and technical debate within university systems over recent years. The interrelationships between governments (as the ones in charge of university policy), universities and society have in recent years undergone a restatement process, due principally to the widespread changes that have occurred in the higher education environment. In this context, the university system of Catalonia (Spain's most advanced and dynamic autonomous region) has, since 1997, been undergoing a new co-ordination experience between the government and universities centred around the programme-based contract formula, which has opened the way to a new system of financing and control of academic outputs for universities. The object of this paper is to critically analyse this experience (completely new to the Spanish university scene) in order to draw conclusions from the debate in progress on higher education co-ordination, financing and university autonomy. This revised version was published online in August 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.  相似文献   

Linguistic differences between well‐established and predatory journals: a keyword analysis of two journals in political science     

Josep Soler  Ying Wang 《Learned Publishing》2019,32(3):259-269

Predatory publishing has become a much‐discussed and highly visible phenomenon over the past few years. One widespread, but hardly tested, assumption is the idea that articles published in predatory journals deviate substantially from those published in traditional journals. In this paper, we address this assumption by utilizing corpus linguistic tools. We compare the ‘academic‐like’ nature of articles from two different journals in political science, one top‐ranking and one alleged predatory. Our findings indicate that there is significant linguistic variation between the two corpora along the dimensions that we test. The articles display notable differences in the types and usage of keywords in the two journals. We conclude that articles published in so‐called predatory journals do not conform to linguistic norms used in higher‐quality journals. These findings may demonstrate a lack of quality control in predatory journals but may also indicate a lack of awareness and use of such linguistic norms by their authors. We also suggest that there is a need for the education of authors in science writing as this may enable them to publish in higher‐ranked and quality‐assured outlets.  相似文献