Draw a Young and an Older Person: Schoolchildren's Images of Older People     

Feliciano Villar  Josep Fabà 《Educational gerontology》2013,39(12):827-840

The goal of this study was to explore stereotypes of older people as expressed in drawings by a sample of primary school children. Sixty children from fourth to sixth grades (30 boys and 30 girls aged 9 to 12 years) were asked to draw a young man, a young woman, an old man, and an old woman. The drawings were content analyzed. Children in our sample seemed to represent old people in varied or multidimensional ways, indicating, thus, that the image they held about elders was less negative than concluded in similar investigations. In fact, although some drawings had negative content, most pictured a positive—and even friendly—image of old people. Moreover, some of the drawings included both positive and negative traits at the same time. Compared with images of young men and women, those of the elderly seem to be more homogeneous and less complex, since there was more agreement on represented details. Suggestions for future research are proposed.  相似文献   

Super pathogens from environmental biotechnologies threaten global health     

Yong Xiao  Feng Zhao  Josep Peuelas  Qiansheng Huang  Yong-Guan Zhu 《国家科学评论(英文版)》2021,8(9)

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Experimental validation of a continuous-time MCSI algorithm with bounded adaptive gains     

Umberto Montanaro  Ramon Costa-Castelló  Josep M. Olm  Ciro Larco Barros 《Journal of The Franklin Institute》2019,356(12):5881-5897

Model reference adaptive control algorithms with minimal controller synthesis have proven to be an effective solution to tame the behaviour of linear systems subject to unknown or time-varying parameters, unmodelled dynamics and disturbances. However, a major drawback of the technique is that the adaptive control gains might exhibit an unbounded behaviour when facing bounded disturbances. Recently, a minimal controller synthesis algorithm with an integral part and either parameter projection or σ-modification strategies was proposed to guarantee boundedness of the adaptive gains. In this article, these controllers are experimentally validated for the first time by using an electro-mechanical system subject to significant rapidly varying disturbances and parametric uncertainty. Experimental results confirm the effectiveness of the modified minimal controller synthesis methods to keep the adaptive control gains bounded while providing, at the same time, tracking performances similar to that of the original algorithm.  相似文献   

Implementing Gender Equity Policies in a University Sport Organization: Competing Discourses from Enthusiasm to Resistance     

Susanna Soler  Maria Prat  Núria Puig  Anne Flintoff 《Quest (Human Kinetics)》2017,69(2):276-289

Gender policies in sports have expanded considerably in most countries in recent decades. Nevertheless, the implementation of these policies in sports organizations is by no means an automatic process. This article explores what happens when gender equity policies are applied in an university sports organization. Participatory action research over a four-year period was developed by the authors to increase the participation of women, and it also aimed to explore the perceptions and thoughts of key actors regarding equity actions. The analysis shows the participation numbers in the specific promotional campaign and reveals a wide range of responses among staff, ranging from enthusiasm and interest to resistance and fear. Gender equity actions often encounter resistance which cannot, and should not, be ignored. This article highlights certain forms of resistance that proposals of this kind should be prepared for.  相似文献   

Returning after taking a break in online distance higher education: from intention to effective re-enrollment     

Josep Grau-Valldosera  Julià Minguillón  Anabel Blasco-Moreno 《Interactive Learning Environments》2019,27(3):307-323

One of online distance learning’s positive attributes is its flexibility. However, the possibility of engaging in periods of non-enrollment (breaks) usually ends in students dropping out. In this paper, the intention to continue of those students who have not enrolled in the second semester is analyzed, adopting a long-term program perspective. This continuance intention is compared with the subsequent restart (or dropping out) in the third semester. This analysis has confirmed that the models of continuance intention and effective re-enrollment are essentially different. Continuance intention is more rational, even logical, and is mainly based on the level of satisfaction or dissatisfaction with the educational experience (difficulty of the learning materials or perception of the learning system). Effective re-enrollment is more practical or pragmatic, with more importance given to the effects of student dimension variables, for example, motivations for studying, previous university experience, or environmental variables, such as having a job.  相似文献   

On the role of impact evaluation of quality assurance from the strategic perspective of quality assurance agencies in the European higher education area     

Radu Damian  Josep Grifoll  Anke Rigbers 《Quality in Higher Education》2015,21(3):251-269

In this paper the current national legislations, the quality assurance approaches and the activities of impact analysis of three quality assurance agencies from Romania, Spain and Germany are described from a strategic perspective. The analysis shows that the general methodologies (comprising, for example, self-evaluation reports, peer reviews, on-site visits, assessment reports, follow-up measures) and main subjects of quality assurance in higher education (such as study programmes and institutional structures and processes) are very similar in the sample cases. However, up to now, impact evaluation of quality assurance has not been implemented systematically in the sample agencies (as in many others). This is the more relevant since the European standards of quality assurance in higher education oblige quality assurance agencies to analyse their general findings and observe the effects of their activities. Against that background, it is argued that methodologically sound impact analyses of quality assurance interventions in higher education institutions should be seen as an integral part of the agencies’ own quality assurance because it would make their work more transparent and easier to improve systematically. The paper identifies some professionalisation needs required for impact evaluation competences: staff and peers who are qualified by methodological knowledge but also by ‘soft’ skills such as project and conflict management.  相似文献   

The Influence of Water Activity and Air Movement in Preventing Mould in Historic Materials     

Morena Ferreira  Josep Grau-Bove  Luca Mazzei  Nigel Blades  Tobit Curteis  Hector Altamirano 《文物保护研究》2018,63(5):348-350

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A ‘study and research path’ enriching the learning of mechanical engineering     

Elena Bartolomé  Ignasi Florensa  Marianna Bosch  Josep Gascón 《European Journal of Engineering Education》2019,44(3):330-346

ABSTRACT

Study and research path (SRP) is an inquiry-based teaching format grounded in the Anthropological Theory of the Didactic. One of the specific characteristics of SRP is its task-design basis, which includes explicitly questioning the knowledge at stake in study processes. In this work, we propose general guidelines for the design of SRPs for Engineering courses. We have explored the validity of the SRP methodology for learning Strength of Materials, a key subject in Mechanical Engineering. The use of question–answer maps and the media–milieu dialectics throughout the development of the SRP are discussed, together with the student’s perceptions on the new learning process.  相似文献   

Students' and teachers' misapplication of le chatelier's principle: Implications for the teaching of chemical equilibrium     

Juan Quílez-Pardo  Joan Josep Solaz-Portols 《科学教学研究杂志》1995,32(9):939-957

The aim of this article was to study the reasons, strategies, and procedures that both students and teachers use to solve some chemical equilibrium questions and problems. Inappropriate conceptions on teaching and a lack of knowledge regarding the limited usefulness of Le Chatelier's principle, with its vague and ambiguous formulation and textbook presentation, may be some of the sources of misconceptions about the prediction of the effect of changing conditions on chemical equilibrium. To diagnose misconceptions and their possible sources, a written test was developed and administered to 170 1st-year university chemistry students. A chemical equilibrium problem, relating to the students' test, was solved by 40 chemistry teachers. First, we ascertained that teacher's conceptions might influence the problem-solving strategies of the learner. Based on this first aspect, our discussion also concerns students' and teachers' misconceptions related to the Le Chatelier's principle. Misconceptions emerged through: (a) misapplication and misunderstanding of Le Chatelier's principle; (b) use of rote-learning recall and algorithmic procedures; (c) incorrect control of the variables involved; (d) limited use of the chemical equilibrium law; (e) a lack of mastery of chemical equilibrium principles and difficulty in transferring such principles to new situations. To avoid chemical equilibrium misconceptions, a specific pattern of conceptual and methodological change may be considered.  相似文献   

The virtual laboratory concept applied to strain measurements     

Lluís Gil  Elena Blanco  Josep Maria Aulí 《European Journal of Engineering Education》2000,25(3):243-251

In recent years the methodology of engineering education has been changing and many projects deal with improving the educational software. This paper reports on the virtual laboratory, a virtual environment applied to experimental analysis. The goals of the virtual laboratory are to introduce the laboratory environment to the student entering this world, so different from the typical theoretical lectures, for the first time, and to overcome the above-mentioned drawbacks. It should be mentioned that the virtual laboratory is not meant to replace highly enriching, practical experience, but rather is meant to train the individual, in order to improve his/her performance in later actual practice. The virtual laboratory experience starts with the study of strain measurements, an engineering technique widely used to measure deformations, strains, mechanical properties of materials and other variables which are used to analyse many problems.The strain measurement virtual laboratory is meant to offer the possibility of simulating experiences, undergone in a real laboratory, through the Internet. The student is expected to familiarize him/herself with the techniques, procedures, devices and theories in the laboratory environment.  相似文献