曾经的战士：前战斗人员重返社会     

Karina Veal 《职业技术教育》2008,(21)

这一期的UNEVOC论坛提供了对刚刚摆脱战乱冲突国家的一些简单印象,并试图寻求前战斗人员重新融入平民生活时,职业培训有待解决的问题和面临的挑战.旷日持久的冲突不仅破坏了教育基础设施,而且也严重损害了教育关系和经济民生.国际社会在冲突和灾害之后所进行的短期行动往往关注教育结构的重新建立.本期论坛则提供一个新的努力方向,即通过有效的教育关系重建生计和生活,并对以学习者为中心的方法如何改善结果进行反思.  相似文献   

eLogg: Facilitating ownership and openness in virtual learning environments     

Rune Baggetun  Stig Mjelstad 《Education and Information Technologies》2006,11(3-4):357-369

This paper reports a novel perspective of integrating digital media in education. In a research and development project we developed and tested a new tool (eLogg) aimed for use in primary and lower secondary schools. Strongly influenced by popular technologies, such as weblogs and wikis, eLogg was built on different assumptions and ideas of how to facilitate learning and communication than traditional learning management systems (LMS). After an initial phase of participatory design and development, eLogg was tested in different school settings. Part of this use was observed, and the preliminary results are reported here. Our analysis shows that the open aspects of eLogg lead pupils to hold conversations with each other as well as opening for building on others’ writings in their online learning activities. The specific activity types we identified in this study were peer conversations, resource sharing, lurking, project work, and assignments. We end the paper by relating these findings to what we have found in a second case study, where we observed the use of an LMS. On these grounds we conclude that there are important differences, and that we always should keep in mind that the technologies we use are inscribed with assumptions about what learning is and how it should be supported.  相似文献   

Testosterone concentrations in female athletes and ballet dancers with menstrual disorders     

Karolina Łagowska  Karina Kapczuk 《European Journal of Sport Science》2016,16(4):490-497

Menstrual disorders are common among female athletes and ballet dancers. Endocrine changes, such as high testosterone (HT) levels and high luteinizing hormone (LH)/follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) ratios, may suggest functional ovarian hyperandrogenism which may induce such dysfunction. The aim of this study was therefore to evaluate endocrine status in female athletes and ballet dancers with menstrual disorders. Their nutritional status and dietary habits were analysed in relation to the testosterone levels. In a cross-sectional approach, 31 female athletes (18.1 ± 2.6 years) and 21 ballerinas (17.1 ± 0.9) with menstrual disorders participated in the study. The levels of serum LH, FSH, progesterone (P), estradiol (E2), prolactin (PRL), thyroid-stimulating hormone, testosterone (T) and sex hormone-binding globulinwere measured to assess hormonal status. In addition, the free androgen index (FAI) was calculated. Nutritional status, total daily energy expenditure and nutritional habits were evaluated. Girls were assigned to one of the following groups: low testosterone (LT) level, normal testosterone level or HT level. There were significant differences between ballerinas and other female athletes in terms of testosterone levels, FAI, age at the beginning of training, length of training period and age at menarche. The PRL level was lowest in the LT group while the FAI index was highest in the HT group. Daily energy and carbohydrate intakes were significantly lower in the HT group. T levels in the study subjects were found to be associated with nutritional factors, energy availability, age at the beginning of training and frequency of training. This is the first report of HT levels being associated with the status of a female ballet dancer, the age of menarche and the length of the training history. Further research is necessary to confirm the results in a larger study group.  相似文献   

An NCME Instructional Module on Using Differential Step Functioning to Refine the Analysis of DIF in Polytomous Items     

Randall D. Penfield  Karina Gattamorta  Ruth A. Childs 《Educational Measurement》2009,28(1):38-49

Traditional methods for examining differential item functioning (DIF) in polytomously scored test items yield a single item‐level index of DIF and thus provide no information concerning which score levels are implicated in the DIF effect. To address this limitation of DIF methodology, the framework of differential step functioning (DSF) has recently been proposed, whereby measurement invariance is examined within each step underlying the polytomous response variable. The examination of DSF can provide valuable information concerning the nature of the DIF effect (i.e., is the DIF an item‐level effect or an effect isolated to specific score levels), the location of the DIF effect (i.e., precisely which score levels are manifesting the DIF effect), and the potential causes of a DIF effect (i.e., what properties of the item stem or task are potentially biasing). This article presents a didactic overview of the DSF framework and provides specific guidance and recommendations on how DSF can be used to enhance the examination of DIF in polytomous items. An example with real testing data is presented to illustrate the comprehensive information provided by a DSF analysis.  相似文献   

Evaluation of Nanostructured Lipid Carriers Produced with Interesterified Buriti Oil     

Lívia Viana de Castro Reis  Karina Magna Leo  Paula Speranza  Ana Paula Badan Ribeiro  Gabriela Alves Macedo  Juliana Alves Macedo 《Food Technology and Biotechnology》2020,58(3):284

  相似文献   

NY PEDAGOGISK LITTERATUR     

Rune Kvalsund  Irene Velsvik Bele 《Scandinavian Journal of Educational Research》2013,57(1):15-35

This article is based on data from two national research projects in Norway dealing with upper secondary educational reforms that began in 1994. Together, the research projects represent a longitudinal study of prospective life course data from 1995 to 2003, covering approximately 500 students from the time they were receiving special education in upper secondary school to the age of 22. The analysis is based on theories of social networks, frame factors, risk and resilience, and life course transitions. It uses a typology of social marginalization based on the dimensions of network density and network size to capture the differences in framing opportunities and restrictions on the students’ social network relationships in the spare time arena. The study addresses how such relationships in early adult life are affected by earlier school experiences, such as whether they attended special or mainstream classes, compared with personal factors and their family situation at the start of upper secondary school.  相似文献   

Academic continuity through online collaboration: mathematics teachers support the learning of pupils with chronic illness during school absence     

Karina J. Wilkie 《Interactive Learning Environments》2013,21(5):519-535

Recent applications of technology to mathematics education have been designed with cognitive and constructivist theoretical perspectives in mind, viewing mathematical learning as the acquisition of knowledge through the construction of meanings and connections between concepts. With the advent of increasingly flexible communication technologies, there is both the need and opportunity to consider how they might be utilised, particularly since emergent socio-cultural theories advocate learning in mathematics as an inherently social activity where understanding is developed and negotiated collaboratively. The need to examine effective technology-facilitated learning arose in the context of a research project, currently underway in a number of secondary schools in the state of Victoria and funded by the Australian Research Council. It is investigating the learning needs of pupils who are absent from school for prolonged or intermittent periods owing to chronic illness yet continue with their school studies. An emerging understanding of the significant difference between computer-mediated contact for mere information exchange and communication for teaching and learning has led to a consideration of socio-cultural perspectives on effective mathematical learning and a focussed investigation of technologies able to facilitate them. Early data have demonstrated the potential of videoconferencing, online whiteboarding and interactive whiteboard application sharing, but which require particular resources, aligned infrastructure and teacher support. This article explores issues surrounding the use of such technologies for collaborative mathematical learning in a context where online interaction is being considered for the learning support of pupils unable to attend school.  相似文献   

The view of knowledge and the new national curriculum in Norway     

Rune Krumsvik 《美中教育评论》2008,5(7):13-28

This article highlights how the digital revolution, high technology density, digital confident students and the new educational reform necessitates other theoretical gateways in our contemporary school system. Today we find a consensus among policy-makers, researchers, teacher educators and teachers that competence aims and digital literacy must be given high priority and needs to be explored more deeply in our elementary school as a consequence of the implementation of a new national curriculum. Despite this consensus, ICT （information and Communication Technology） in previous curricula have been marked by weak theoretical foundations, and therefore implementation of ICT has been more strongly anchored rhetorically than in teacher＇s theoretical ballast. Consequently, this article focuses on whether we now in the new educational reform, the knowledge promotion, are entering a time of upheaval within this area where the increased status of digital literacy and competence aims in the subjects necessitates new, or complementary theories which can capture some of these digital challenges. The article focuses on the ＂paradigm debate＂ within education and specially one theory, situated learning, is presented and analysed in light of other theories, educational policy documents and contemporary societal streams,  相似文献   

Educational technology, epistemology and discourses in curricula in Norway     

Rune Krumsvik 《美中教育评论》2008,5(5):1-16

Why is Norway, the first nation in the world defining digital literacy, as the fifth basic competence in the national curriculum？ How has epistemological and ontological issues influenced educational technology and how has this influenced discourse of educational technology in curricula which have led to today＇s ＂technology friendly curriculum＂？ These are central questions in this paper and one of the main aims within the paper is to analyze what kind of impacts, such underlying epistemological and ontological aspect, has been given in Norwegian curricula throughout the last decades in light of Koschmann＇s （1996） technological paradigms. As consequence of this, the paper will highlight the most relevant discourses about educational technology in different curricula as an entry point to ask, if the increased ICT （Information and Communication Technology） status in the new national curriculum has established new discourses and got any impact in the practice field yet.  相似文献   

Special needs students in higher education     

Lise Фen Jones Rune Krumsvik 《美中教育评论》2008,5(3):58-67

The topic in this paper is how former special needs students with academic competence from upper secondary school succeed in education on a higher level. The study concentrates on students who at their start in upper secondary education were registered with problems of concentration, difficulties in reading, writing or mathematics. The main part of this paper will base on qualitative interviews with nine former special needs students. Seven out of the nine informants were registered with reading and writing difficulties. However, it is also possible to compare these informants with longitudinal data from a larger group of students who have been followed prospectively since spring 1996. Theoretically the study is based on life course research with special emphasis on social transitions. In transitional processes between different educational arenas gatekeepers＇often play important roles. This study will examine how such gatekeepers, e.g. teachers, may facilitate or obstruct these transitions for a vulnerable group like former special needs students.  相似文献