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71.
Educating for virtue has been a task of U.S. colleges and universities since the founding of this nation's first institution of higher learning. The authors of this article suggest that campus ethical elders have obligations toward students and toward younger colleagues who aspire to a life in education.  相似文献   
72.

Connellys’ Classroom Cutaway

Read the Book, See the Movie, Part Three  相似文献   
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Carnitine is an essential co‐factor in the catabolism of fats as an energy source. The primary purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of running a marathon on the metabolism of carnitine by endurance‐trained athletes, and to evaluate the effect of carnitine administration on the performance of such exercise. The effects of marathon running on mitochondrial enzymes and cellular anti‐oxidants were also examined to assess whether the expression of these activities is altered by exercise. Subjects were 10 experienced male marathon runners aged between 19 and 25 years. Running a marathon caused a fall in the plasma content of unesterified carnitine (37%) and an increase in the level of acetylcarnitine present (288%). Loading of the athletes with L‐carnitine for 10 days before running a marathon abolished the exercise‐induced fall in plasma‐free carnitine (P<0.05) whilst amplifying the production of acetylcarnitine (P<0.05). Carnitine loading of the athletes studied made no detectable improvement in performance of the marathon (P > 0.05). Cytochrome oxidase, succinate cytochrome C reductase and Superoxide dismutase activities present in skeletal muscle were unaltered by marathon running. However, such exercise caused a large increase in the tissue content of oxidized glutathione (189%) at the expense of reduced glutathione (–18%).  相似文献   
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Abstract

Twelve male subjects with no specialized training in sprint running were used to study effects upon the sprinter's start when hand spacing and rear knee angle were systematically altered. Results indicated that hand spacing had an effect on the start during the first 10 yd. of the sprint. The effect of rear knee angle was present at 10 yd. and the advantage gained at 10 yd. was still present at 30 yd.  相似文献   
76.
This study investigated the effect of the coefficient of friction of a running surface on an athlete's sprint time in a sled-towing exercise. The coefficients of friction of four common sports surfaces (a synthetic athletics track, a natural grass rugby pitch, a 3G football pitch, and an artificial grass hockey pitch) were determined from the force required to tow a weighted sled across the surface. Timing gates were then used to measure the 30-m sprint time for six rugby players when towing a sled of varied weight across the surfaces. There were substantial differences between the coefficients of friction for the four surfaces (μ = 0.21–0.58), and in the sled-towing exercise the athlete's 30-m sprint time increased linearly with increasing sled weight. The hockey pitch (which had the lowest coefficient of friction) produced a substantially lower rate of increase in 30-m sprint time, but there were no significant differences between the other surfaces. The results indicate that although an athlete's sprint time in a sled-towing exercise is affected by the coefficient of friction of the surface, the relationship relationship between the athlete's rate of increase in 30-m sprint time and the coefficient of friction is more complex than expected.  相似文献   
77.
This study described the course of school failure by classifying the characteristics of 103 first-grade children who were at risk for such an outcome and examining their classroom environments over a 1- to 4-year period. We describe the association between empirically validated clusters of children and specific instructional arrangements that served to increase the risk of special education placement. We found that individual seatwork while other children were in a reading group significantly increased the risk of placement; on the other hand, small-group work was associated with nonplacement for one cluster of children (those with possible learning disabilities). Other results were inconclusive, but suggestive of patterns that may eventually assist in the definition of the elusive link between individual differences and classroom environments.  相似文献   
78.
The purpose of this article is to understand the Learning in Regular Classrooms (LRC) initiative for inclusive education in China. First, the paper reviews the policy, legislation, and practice in relation to the LRC. It then goes on to explore the specific social–political context of the LRC, and compares the Chinese LRC with the Western approaches to inclusion and integration. The authors then discuss the challenges posed by the attempt to further promote the LRC or inclusive education in the collectivist culture and socialist political context of modern China.  相似文献   
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