Body fat measurement in elite sport climbers: Comparison of skinfold thickness equations with dual energy X-ray absorptiometry     

Vanesa España Romero  Jonatan R. Ruiz  Francisco B. Ortega  Enrique G. Artero  Germán Vicente-Rodríguez  Luis A. Moreno 《Journal of sports sciences》2013,31(5):469-477

Abstract

The aim of this study was to compare equations for estimating percentage body fat from skinfold thickness in elite sport climbers by assessing their agreement with percentage body fat measured using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA). Skinfold thickness was measured in a convenience sample of 19 elite sport climbers [9 women and 10 men; mean age 31.2 years (s = 5.0) and 28.6 years (s = 3.6), respectively]. Percentage body fat was estimated using 17 different equations, and it was also measured by DXA. A significant inter-methods difference was observed for all equations, except for Durnin's equation in men (inter-methods difference: ?0.57% and ?0.29%; 1.96 s: 5.56 and 5.23 for Siri's and Brozek's equation, respectively) and women (inter-methods difference: ?0.67% and ?1.29% for Siri's and Brozek's equation, respectively), and for Wilmore's equation using Siri's body fat equation in women (inter-methods difference: ?1.86%). In women, the limits of agreement were lower when using Durnin's equation compared with Wilmore's equation (1.96 s: 3.86% and 5.13%, respectively). In conclusion, of the 17 studied equations, Durnin's equation was the most accurate in estimating percentage body fat in both male and female elite climbers. Therefore, Durnin's equation could be used to assess percentage body fat in elite sport climbers if more accurate methods are not available. The generalizability of the results is limited by the fact that the sample was not selected at random.  相似文献   

Physical fitness percentiles for Portuguese children and adolescents aged 10–18 years     

Rute Santos  Jorge Mota  Diana A. Santos  Analiza Monica Silva  Fatima Baptista  Luis B. Sardinha 《Journal of sports sciences》2013,31(16):1510-1518

Abstract

This study aimed to produce age- and sex-specific physical fitness reference data for Portuguese youth; to report the prevalence of youth in the healthy zone of physical fitness according to the FITNESSGRAM^® criteria; to verify the agreement between the Portuguese physical fitness percentiles and the FITNESSGRAM^® healthy zones. In 2008, 22,048 Portuguese children and adolescents (10–18 years) were evaluated. Physical fitness (curl-ups, push-ups, 20-m shuttle run and modified-back-saver-sit-and-reach tests) was evaluated using the FITNESSGRAM^® Test Battery 8.0. Smoothed percentile curves were estimated using Cole’s LMS method. Boys consistently outperformed girls in every physical fitness test, except for the modified-back-saver-sit-and-reach tests. In both sexes and for all physical fitness tests, higher percentile values were observed at older ages. The 50th percentile of all physical fitness tests had the highest accuracy to discriminate between under healthy zone and healthy zone of the FITNESSGRAM^®. Portuguese schools and physical education teachers may considerer the 50th percentile for age and sex or the FITNESSGRAM^® criteria for classifying participants in the healthy zone as acceptable cut-offs, above which youth should be considered fit. These reference values can be used as normative data and for baseline values for subsequent surveillance of the physical fitness of Portuguese youth.  相似文献   

Education and the illusions of emancipation     

Luis Radford 《Educational Studies in Mathematics》2012,80(1-2):101-118

In this article, I deal with the question of emancipation in education. In the first part of the article, I argue that contemporary concepts of emancipation are explicitly or implicitly related to the idea of the sovereign subject articulated by Kant and other philosophers of the Enlightenment. I contend that our modern enlightened concepts of emancipation rest on a dichotomy between an autonomous and self-sufficient subject and its sociocultural world. Referring to current research in mathematics education, I show how this dichotomy leads to intrinsic contradictions that haunt ongoing educational practices. These contradictions, I contend, are manifested in the hopeless efforts to bridge the gap between the deeds and thoughts of an autonomous individual and the regimes of reason and truth in which the individual finds itself subsumed. In particular, I argue that emancipation as understood in the enlightened modern sense remains a chimeric and unfulfillable dream. In the second part of the article, I suggest that emancipation can still be an orienting vector of educational practice and research, but it needs to be conceptualized differently: emancipation needs not be predicated in terms of individuals’ freedom and individualist autonomy, but in critical–ethical terms.  相似文献   

Is There Any Room for Face-To-Face Teaching in a Digital World? A Proposed Framework for Web Usage     

Luis Manuel Borges Gouveia 《Educational Media International》2013,50(4):299-305

This paper proposes an empirical framework for integrating the Web as a local resource to support teaching activity. The roadmap presented is based on the author's experience resulting from three years use of a personal homepage authored by him within the Intranet University system with outside Internet access. The potential of digital information to enhance student performance is discussed and some guidelines are presented to improve what the author calls 'live experience' of class content themes. The paper ends with a question section to promote discussion about in site teaching, its shape and functionality for the next few years. Y a-t-il encore place pour l’ enseignement frontal dans un monde digitalisé? Cadre de propositions pour une utilisation de l’Internet. Ce papier présente un cadre de propositions empiriques pour l'utilisation du Web en tant que ressource pour l'enseignement. La carte présentée est basée sur l'expérience de l'auteur résultant de trois ans d'utilisation de sa page Web, dans le cadre de l'Intranet de l'Université avec accès à Internet. L'auteur y analyse le potentiel de l'information numérique pour améliorer les performances des étudiants et présente quelques règles générales pour améliorer ce qu'il appelle "l'expérience directe" en classe. Une section réservée aux questions permet de promouvoir des échanges relatifs à l'enseignement prodigué mais aussi à l'aspect et à la fonctionnalité du site. Gibt es einen Raum für direktes Lehren in einer digitalen Welt? Ein Vorschlag für Webnutzung. Dieses Papier schlägt einen empirischen Rahmen für das Integrieren des Web als lokale Ressourcen zur Unterstützung von Unterricht vor. Die vorgestellte Möglichkeit beruht auf der dreijährigen Erfahrung des Autors mit einer selbstverfassten persönlichen Homepage innerhalb des Intranets der Universität mit separatem Internetzugang. Die Fähigkeit mit digitalen Informationen, die Leistungen von Studenten zu verbessern, wird erörtert, und einige Richtlinien werden vorgestellt, um zu verdeutlichen, was der Autor als "live experience" - Inhaltsthemen bezeichnet. Das Papier endet mit einem Frageabschnitt, um für die nächsten Jahre die Diskussion über “in site"-Lehren, seine Form und Funktionalität, anzustoßen und zu fördern.  相似文献   

Language curriculum transformation and motivation through action research     

Darío Luis Banegas 《Curriculum Journal》2013,24(4):422-440

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The Scheme Game: How DACA Recipients Navigate Barriers to Higher Education     

Luis Fernando Macías 《Educational Studies A Journal of the American Educational Studies Association》2013,49(6):609-628

College-bound recipients of DACA—a 2012?US administrative policy officially titled Consideration for Deferred Action for Childhood Arrivals—face a series of administrative and financial barriers in pursuing postsecondary education. These barriers often include a complicated process for in-state tuition consideration, as well as exclusion from the majority of educational subsidies. This research sheds new light on DACA students’ own understanding of their financial exclusions and the often ingenious methods they use to finance higher education. The research employs critical race theory/LatCrit frameworks to examine the structural systems of exclusion within educational policies and the corresponding measures taken by DACA recipient students in Ohio to overcome them. Participants’ testimonios highlight their own resilience in the face of multiple obstacles, dispel notions of meritocracy in higher education, and educate institutional agents about funding inequities in an effort to rectify them. This work finds, in response to the barriers they face, many DACA recipients in Ohio find a variety of unconventional ways to navigate a complex admissions process and secure a means of paying entirely out of pocket for their tuition. Participants in this longitudinal, qualitative research refer to these navigational strategies as participating in “the scheme game.” The scheme game consists of 3 overlapping practices: “grindin’,” “hustlin’,” and “schemin’.” Rooted in hip-hop, these terms originally refer to the ways Black, Brown, and immigrant communities navigate the barriers of a formal economy and participate in an informal economy to financially sustain themselves. Additionally, the research introduces the scheme game as a new epistemological perspective from which to understand the measures some DACA students take to afford a higher education.  相似文献   

Access to higher education in Chile: A public vs. private analysis     

Oscar Espinoza  Luis Eduardo González 《Prospects》2013,43(2):199-214

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El análisis de la palabra como instrumento para la rehabilitación de la dyslexia     

Mercedes Rueda  Emilio Sánchez  Luis González 《Infancia y Aprendizaje》2013,36(49):39-52

Resumen

El objetivo de este trabajo ha sido diseñar y comprobar empíricamente el efecto que tiene una Instrucción en Habilidades de Análisis de la palabra sobre la mejora en el aprendizaje lecto-escritor de niños disléxicos. Los resultados obtenidos muestran que la instrucción produce una mejora significativa en la escritura al dictado de frases sueltas y en el dictado de textos. Los entrenamientos favorecieron la adquisición del metalenguaje (tareas de inversiones, adiciones, omisiones). Y no se alcanzaron resultados satisfactorios en el nivel de lectura de los niños con ninguno de los tipos de instrucciones.  相似文献   

Vygotsky's zone of proximal development: Rethinking its instructional implications     

Luis C. Moll 《Infancia y Aprendizaje》2013,36(51-52):157-168

Abstract

This paper proposes an alternate model of Vygotsky's zone of proximal development. It is argued that conceptions of the «zone» emphasizing the transfer of skills from adult to child are too narrow, theoretically misleading, and of limited instructional utility. The concept is then examined in relation to Vygotsky's broader theoretical and practical concerns. Examples taken from a recent classroom observational study are provided to illustrate how the concept of the zone can facilitate a critical assessment of children and of the social system created for the children to learn. The focus is on the appropriation and mastery of mediational means, such as writing, assessed not only or necessarily through independent performance after guided practice, but by the ability of children to participate in qualitatively new collaborative activities. The role of the adult isn't to provide structured cues to facilitate performance, but through exploratory talk and other social mediations assist children in taking control of their own learning. The concern is not only with creating individual zones of proximal development, but collective, interrelated zones as part of a teaching system.  相似文献   

Computadores,comunicación y educación: una colaboración internacional en la intervención e investigación educativa     

Alberto Rosa  Luis C. Moll 《Infancia y Aprendizaje》2013,36(30):1-17

Resumen

El presente articulo describe y justifica teóricamente una actividad educativa que induye el uso de microcomputadores a través de una comunicación telemática. Esta actividad consiste en la redacción de una revista bilingüe (inglés-español) en la que colaboran niños de diversas culturas. A través de esta actividad se trabajan temas como la «alfabetización informàtica», la composición de textos y los idiomas. Esta intervención educativa viene acompañada de un intercambio de información científica a través de una red académica de comunicaciones telemáticas para el intercambio de información científica. El marco teórico en el que se desarrolla este trabajo se deriva del de la psicología vygotskiana y de alguno de sus desarrollos posteriores.  相似文献