The New State Policy for Teacher Education and Training in Bulgaria: An overview of provision for vocational education     

Mariana Ilieva  Senia Terzieva 《欧洲师范教育杂志》2000,23(3):299-306

The dynamics of change in Bulgaria are supported by changes in state policy in the development of the education system. Since 1995, the training of teachers for vocational education has taken a leading place in this policy: two decrees of the Council of Ministers of the Republic of Bulgaria have been published which regulate the activity of higher education institutions in that sphere. The new strategy broadens the scope of educational structures and regulates the most significant aspects in the training of teachers for vocational education-the curriculum, the ways of organising teacher education and its staffing. The present commentary interprets the didactic and pedagogical essence of the different rules and the professional and psychological consequences of their adoption in real life. On the basis of the results of the current state policy, it can be concluded that its impact on the quality of the education for the attainment of qualified teacher status is positive with respect to human resource development and the motivation of university lecturers for the successful fulfilment of their mission in this direction. Les changements dynamiques en Bulgarie se voient favorisés par les changements de la politique d'Etat au niveau de l'enseignement ainsi que par le développement du système éducatif dans ses différents degrés. Depuis 1995 la formation de professeurs pour les écoles professionnelles repose sur une nouvelle base normative. Cette dernière fixe le règlement des activités des écoles supérieures en ce qui concerne la formation des professeurs. La stratégie moderne élargit l'éventail des structures d'enseignement et règle les aspects les plus importants du développement institutionnel de l'enseignement dont le but est l'obtention de la qualification professionnelle de "professeur"-le contenu éducatif (standards), les procédés d'organisation de l'enseignement et les exigences concernant les effectifs académiques. L'analyse présentée ici, donne une interprétation de l'entité didactique des différents règlements ainsi que de certaines conséquences pédagogiques et psychologiques dues à leur transposition dans les conditions réelles de la pratique d'études. Du caractère même des changements en cours dans la politique d'Etat résultent les conclusions illustrant l'influence de celle-ci sur la qualité de la formation des professeurs, sur les aspects positifs du développement des ressources humaines et sur la stimulation des enseignants dans la réalisation de leur mission éducative. Los cambios dinámicos en Bulgaria se ven favorecidos por los cambios de la política educacional del Estado así como por el desarrollo del sistema educativo en sus diferentes niveles. Desde 1995 existe una nueva base normativa que reglamenta la actividad de las escuelas superiores en lo concerniente a la capacitación de maestros para las escuelas profesionales. La nueva estrategia amplía las estructuras educacionales y regula los aspectos más significativos del desarrollo institucional de la enseñanza para la obtención de la calificación profesional de "maestro"-el contenido educativo (estándar), las formas de organización de la enseñanza y las exigencias hacia el cuerpo docente. El análisis expuesto aquí presenta una interpretación esenciadle carácter didáctico de los diferentes reglamentos y de algunas consecuencias pedagógicas y psicológicas de la aplicación de dichos reglamentos bajo condiciones reales de la práctica docente. A partir del carácter de los cambios actuales en la política estatal se ha llegado a conclusiones sobre la influencia de esta política en la calidad de la capacitación de los maestros, sobre su papel positivo en el desarrollo de los recursos humanos y en el incentivo a los profesores universitarios para el cumplimiento de su tarea. Die dynamische Veränderungen in Bulgarien wurden durch Änderung der Staafsausbildungspolititk und Entwicklung der Bildung in verschiedenen Schichten unterstützt. Seit 1995 ist die Vorbereitung der Lehrer für die Berufsschulen auf eine neue Normativbasis gestellt. Sie reglamentiert die Tätigkeiten der Hochschulen in Richtung Lehrerausbildung. Die neue Strategie erweitert das Gebiet der Ausbildungstrukturen und reguliert die bedeutende Gesichtspunkte in Institutionalentwicklung der Berufsqualifikation Lehrer-Unterrichtsinhalt, die Organisationsmethoden und die Anforderung am Akademiebestand. Die vorlegende Analyse gibt sowohl eine Interpretation des didaktischen Wesens verschiedener Reglament, als auch einige Pädagogische und psychologische Folgen der Einsaz in realen Ausbildungspraxis. Aus der Änderung der Staatspolitik sind einige Schlussfolgerungen gezogen-ihr Einfuss auf die Bildungsqualität der Lehrer, auf die positive Aspekte menschlichen Ressourceentwicklung und Stimulierung der Universitätslehrer in dieser Richtung.  相似文献   

Using Megaplanning in CSO Projects— Bringing Social Sectors Together for Measurable and Sustainable Social Impact     

Silvia Uranga  Mariana C. Lucellas 《Performance Improvement Quarterly》2005,18(3):111-116

ABSTRACT Civil Society Organizations (CSO) can improve their effectiveness and add measurable value to society by using a megaplanning approach as the guiding criteria for their organizational planning. This article shows how Asociación Conciencia, a leading Argentinean CSO, has used megaplanning to clarify its vision, mission, align its goals and programs and update its mission and programs over more than twenty years of critical social changes in Argentina.  相似文献   

The Role of Action Research in Fostering Culturally-Responsive Practices in a Preschool Classroom     

Mariana Souto-Manning  Christina Hanson Mitchell 《Early Childhood Education Journal》2010,37(4):269-277

Early childhood teachers and educational programs are expected to be the primary resources as children experience different and sometimes conflicting cultural contexts. Early educators can play a paramount role as young children move through fluid identities and start recognizing and navigating within and across spaces of cultural differences—e.g., between home cultures and the socially-dominant school culture. In this sense, we draw attention to a multi-year action research study, paying particular attention to the process whereby an early childhood teacher investigated, problematized, and challenged the nature of curriculum and practices in a diverse preschool classroom. We focus on the role of action research in fostering culturally-relevant teaching. As we do so, we analyze an early childhood teacher’s shifting perceptions of what it means to engage in culturally-relevant teaching, respecting and honoring cultural diversities.  相似文献   

Detection of Catabacter hongkongensis in polluted European water samples     

Francesc Codony  Bárbara Adrados  Leonardo Martín Pérez  Mariana Fittipaldi  Jordi Morató 《Journal of Zhejiang University. Science. B》2009,10(12):867-869

The Catabacteriaceae is a new bacterial family with a unique member: Catabacter hongkongensis is a strictly anaerobic, non-sporulating, Gram-positive coccobacillus that is phylogenetically related to some clostridial clusters. Little is known of its epidemiology and environmental distribution, but the inclusion of its 16S rRNA gene sequence in GenBank has allowed it to be detected qualitatively. As a first approach for prospective surveys, a real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) procedure to identify C. hongkongensis has been developed. The presence of Catabacteriaceae in 29 water bodies subjected to possible human or animal impact has been investigated. Four of them were positive. The results confirm that highly polluted water can contain C. hongkongensis.  相似文献   

Using the onto-semiotic approach to identify and analyze mathematical meaning when transiting between different coordinate systems in a multivariate context     

Mariana Montiel  Miguel R. Wilhelmi  Draga Vidakovic  Iwan Elstak 《Educational Studies in Mathematics》2009,72(2):139-160

The main objective of this paper is to apply the onto-semiotic approach to analyze the mathematical concept of different coordinate systems, as well as some situations and university students’ actions related to these coordinate systems. The identification of objects that emerge from the mathematical activity and a first intent to describe an epistemic network that relates to this activity were carried out. Multivariate calculus students’ responses to questions involving single and multivariate functions in polar, cylindrical, and spherical coordinates were used to classify semiotic functions that relate the different mathematical objects.  相似文献   

Evolution and social dynamics of acknowledged research groups     

Julián López-Yáñez  Mariana Altopiedi 《Higher Education》2015,70(4):629-647

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Teacher–parent partnership: an authentic teacher education model to improve student outcomes     

Mary M. Murray  Mariana Mereoiu 《Journal of Further & Higher Education》2016,40(2):276-292

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The improvement in walking speed induced by resistance training is associated with increased muscular strength but not skeletal muscle mass in older women     

Leandro Santos  Alex S. Ribeiro  Brad J. Schoenfeld  Matheus A. Nascimento  Crisieli M. Tomeleri  Mariana F. Souza 《European Journal of Sport Science》2017,17(4):488-494

Objective: The purpose of the present study was to analyze whether improvements in fast walking speed induced by resistance training (RT) are associated with changes in body composition, muscle quality, and muscular strength in older women. Methods: Twenty-three healthy older women (69.6?±?6.4 years, 64.95?±?12.9?kg, 1.55?±?0.07?m, 27.06?±?4.6?kg/m²) performed a RT program for 8 weeks consisting of 8 exercises for the whole body, 3 sets of 10–15 repetitions maximum, 3 times a week. Anthropometric, body composition (fat-free mass [FFM], skeletal muscle mass [SMM], legs lean soft tissue [LLST], fat mass), knee extension muscular strength (KE1RM), muscle quality index (MQI [KE1RM/LLST]), and 10-meter walking test (10-MWT) were performed before and after the intervention. Results: Significant (P?<?.05) changes were observed from pre- to post-training for FFM (+1.6%), MQI (+7.2%), SMM (+2.4%), LLST (+1.8%), KE1RM (+8.6%), fat mass (?1.4%), and time to perform 10-MWT (?3.7%). The percentage change in 10-MWT was significantly associated with percentage change in MQI (r?=??0.46, P?=?.04) and KE1RM (r?=??0.45, P?=?.04), however not associated percentage of changes in SMM (r?=?0.01, P?=?.97), LLST (r?=??0.22, P?=?.33), and body fat (r?=?0.10, P?=?.66). Conclusion: We conclude that the improvement in the 10-MWT after an 8-week RT program is associated with increases in lower limb muscular strength and muscle quality, but not with muscle mass or body fat changes in older women.  相似文献   

Cultures in Dialogue: Perceptions and Experiences of Finnish Teachers of Transnational Dances     

Mariana Elisabet Siljamäki  Eeva Anttila  Arja Sääkslahti 《Scandinavian Journal of Educational Research》2014,58(1):55-72

This article is based on a phenomenographic study that focuses on identifying the pedagogical conceptions of Finnish teachers of transnational dances. The purpose is to uncover and understand teachers' conceptions concerning the implications of the cultural contexts of their specific dance forms for their pedagogical practices. Through a process of phenomenographic data analysis, the authors have identified three different ways to understand teachers' conceptions and experiences: (1) Dance as a path towards personal expression, (2) Telling a story of being a woman through dance, and (3) Self-approval and the collective nature of dance. The study aims at facilitating discussion about the process of cultural dialogue, especially within dance pedagogy. Understanding the complexity that diverse cultural contexts create is particularly important in countries like Finland, which have only brief histories of multicultural education.  相似文献   

Students’ interests for personalized learning: an analysis guide     

Solari  Mariana  Vizquerra  María Isabel  Engel  Anna 《European Journal of Psychology of Education - EJPE》2023,38(3):1073-1109

The lack of alignment between, on the one hand, what schools seek to teach and, on the other, the students’ interests and learning objectives is leading to increasing numbers of students who are unable to derive meaning from school activities. Personalized learning strategies represent one of the most powerful ways to help students attribute meaning and personal value to their learning. This paper has two interrelated objectives. The first is to present a guide to the analysis of educational practices that work with and from students’ interests. This tool makes it possible to identify the potential of practices to reinforce and promote the meaning and personal value that students attach to their school learning. The guide is structured around three large blocks (personalization strategies, conceptions of interests, and design and development of practices), which describe the dimensions, subdimensions, questions, and levels for the analysis. The second objective is to illustrate use of the guide by analyzing two practices designed and implemented in primary school classrooms, characterized by a focus on students’ learning interests. The paper concludes by highlighting the main contributions of the guide presented, identifying some limitations, and pointing to future lines of research.

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