Validity and reliability evidence for motor competence assessments in children and adolescents: A systematic review     

Ryan M. Hulteen  Lisa M. Barnett  Larissa True  Natalie J. Lander  Borja del Pozo Cruz  Chris Lonsdale 《Journal of sports sciences》2020,38(15):1717-1798

ABSTRACT

Valid and reliable tests of motor competence are necessary to allow researchers and practitioners to quantify levels of motor competence, identify skill deficiencies, and determine the effectiveness of motor skill interventions. The primary study aim was to systematically review the validity and reliability of scores derived from gross motor competence tests for typically developing child and adolescent populations. The secondary aim of this review was to identify the most prevalent motor skills assessed across all instruments. A search of seven electronic databases identified 57 different skill assessment tools from 107 studies. Construct validity was the most common measurement property examined (60 studies; 56%). Content validity (21 studies; 20%) was the least commonly explored measurement property. Scores derived from the Test of Gross Motor Development – second and third edition had the most support for validity and reliability. The most common skills included in these skill batteries were the overhand throw (n = 33), catch (n = 32), jump (n = 31) and hop (n = 26). Research efforts should focus on: (1) further investigation of measurement properties of existing tools rather than developing new assessments and (2) further investigation of existing tools and their measurement properties in adolescent populations.  相似文献   

Development of Children’s monitoring and control when learning from texts: effects of age and test format     

Steiner  Martina  van Loon  Mariëtte H.  Bayard  Natalie S.  Roebers  Claudia M. 《Metacognition and Learning》2020,15(1):3-27

Metacognition and Learning - This study investigated elementary school children’s development of monitoring and control when learning from texts. Second (N = 138) and fourth...  相似文献   

The relationship between performance of a single-leg squat and leap landing task: moving towards a netball-specific anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury risk screening method     

Aaron S. Fox  Jason Bonacci  Natalie Saunders 《Sports biomechanics / International Society of Biomechanics in Sports》2020,19(4):493-509

ABSTRACT

Field-based screening methods have a limited capacity to identify high-risk postures during netball-specific landings associated with anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injuries. This study determined the biomechanical relationship between a single-leg squat and netball-specific leap landing, to examine the utility of including a single-leg squat within netball-specific ACL injury risk screening. Thirty-two female netballers performed single-leg squat and netball-specific leap landing tasks, during which three-dimensional (3D) kinematic/kinetic data were collected. One-dimensional statistical parametric mapping examined relationships between kinematics from the single-leg squat, and the 3D joint rotation and moment data from leap landings. Participants displaying reduced hip external rotation, reduced knee flexion, and greater knee abduction and knee internal rotation angles during the single-leg squat exhibited these same biomechanical characteristics during the leap landing (p < 0.001). Greater ankle dorsiflexion during the single-leg squat was associated with greater knee flexion during landing (p < 0.001). Ankle eversion during the single-leg squat was associated with frontal and transverse plane knee biomechanics during landing (p < 0.001). Biomechanics from the single-leg squat were associated with landing strategies linked to ACL loading or injury risk, and thus may be a useful movement screen for identifying netball players who exhibit biomechanical deficits during landing.  相似文献   

Modernising school governance: corporate planning and expert handling in state education     

Natalie Papanastasiou 《教育政策杂志》2018,33(6):861-862

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Investigating CSI: portrayals of DNA testing on a forensic crime show and their potential effects     

Ley BL  Jankowski N  Brewer PR 《Public understanding of science (Bristol, England)》2012,21(1):51-67

The popularity of forensic crime shows such as CSI has fueled debate about their potential social impact. This study considers CSI's potential effects on public understandings regarding DNA testing in the context of judicial processes, the policy debates surrounding crime laboratory procedures, and the forensic science profession, as well as an effect not discussed in previous accounts: namely, the show's potential impact on public understandings of DNA and genetics more generally. To develop a theoretical foundation for research on the "CSI effect," it draws on cultivation theory, social cognitive theory, and audience reception studies. It then uses content analysis and textual analysis to illuminate how the show depicts DNA testing. The results demonstrate that CSI tends to depict DNA testing as routine, swift, useful, and reliable and that it echoes broader discourses about genetics. At times, however, the show suggests more complex ways of thinking about DNA testing and genetics.  相似文献   

Inverse function: Pre-service teachers’ techniques and meanings     

Teo Paoletti  Irma E. Stevens  Natalie L. F. Hobson  Kevin C. Moore  Kevin R. LaForest 《Educational Studies in Mathematics》2018,97(1):93-109

Researchers have argued teachers and students are not developing connected meanings for function inverse, thus calling for a closer examination of teachers’ and students’ inverse function meanings. Responding to this call, we characterize 25 pre-service teachers’ inverse function meanings as inferred from our analysis of clinical interviews. After summarizing relevant research, we describe the methodology and theoretical framework we used to interpret the pre-service teachers’ activities. We then present data highlighting the techniques the pre-service teachers used when responding to tasks that involved analytical and graphical representations of functions and inverse functions in both decontextualized and contextualized situations and discuss our inferences of their meanings based on their activities. We conclude with implications for the teaching and learning of inverse function and areas for future research.  相似文献   

Differential correlates of multi-type maltreatment among urban youth     

Arata CM  Langhinrichsen-Rohling J  Bowers D  O'Brien N 《Child abuse & neglect》2007,31(4):393-415

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to examine the differential effects of multi-types of maltreatment in an adolescent sample. Different combinations of maltreatment (emotional, sexual, physical, neglect) were examined in relation to both negative affect and externalizing symptoms in male and female youth. METHOD: One thousand four hundred fifty-two middle and high school youth were recruited from urban schools and a mandated early warning truancy program. Youth completed an anonymous survey that included measures of child maltreatment, depression, suicide proneness, hopelessness, delinquency, hostility, substance use, and promiscuity. Respondents were categorized into groups of different combinations of maltreatment by their reports of sexual abuse, physical abuse, neglect (emotional and physical), and emotional abuse. RESULTS: Nearly two-thirds of boys and girls reported some form of maltreatment, and multi-type maltreatment was common (e.g., 13% reported experiencing both physical and sexual abuse and neglect). Individuals with maltreatment histories were more depressed (F=52.78, p<.0001), suicide prone (F=24.29, p<.001), and hopeless (F=32.07, p<.0001) than non-abused individuals. Maltreated adolescents were also more hostile (F=35.03, p<.0001), and they engaged in more delinquent behavior (F=26.76, p<.0001), promiscuity (F=8.54, p<.0001), and drug and alcohol use (F=9.61, p<.0001). Individuals experiencing multi-type maltreatment were the most symptomatic, particularly youth with histories of physical abuse, sexual abuse, and neglect. In general, gender differences in effects were not observed. CONCLUSIONS: The results highlight the importance of studying combined types of maltreatment, as well as understanding the particularly deleterious effects of neglect and emotional abuse. The results are generally consistent with an additive model of maltreatment effects.  相似文献   

The Evolution and Fragmentation of Olympic Media Consumption and Its Impact on the Entertainment Value of the 2018 Winter Olympics     

Kenon A. Brown  Natalie Brown-Devlin  Michael B. Devlin  Andrew C. Billings 《Communication Research Reports》2019,36(2):103-113

This fragmentation of Olympic media is a fascinating trend to explore on an international level to examine if there are similarities in how citizens of different countries consume Winter Olympic media. Another curiosity is the amount of entertainment value different media platforms add to the experience of the Winter Olympics. Using an international sample of 2,245 participants across six countries, a survey was conducted to explore the differences in media consumption during the 2018 Winter Olympics among citizens in six countries, as well as what media consumption habits predict one’s perception of the entertainment value of the 2018 Winter Olympics. Results showed that while participants are adopting more digitally based means to consume Olympic media, television and print media were the strongest predictors of entertainment value.  相似文献   

Bringing Disability Into the Discussion: Examining Technology Accessibility as An Equity Concern in the Field of Instructional Technology     

Natalie L. Shaheen  Sarah Lohnes Watulak 《Journal of Research on Technology in Education》2019,51(2):187-201

This article presents a review of the literature, pertaining to technology accessibility in K–12 schools in the United States, in order to bring technology accessibility into conversations about equity in instructional technology with the goal of ensuring that disabled learners have equal access to the technology-enhanced learning opportunities that are an increasingly integral part of K–12 education. The findings of the review indicate that despite long-standing federal and state accessibility mandates, inaccessible technologies abound in K–12, denying disabled learners equal access to education. We conclude that technology accessibility is an equity concern that must be prioritized in instructional technology discourse, research, and practice to begin addressing the inequality that disabled learners face in technology-enhanced K–12 learning environments. (Keywords: instructional technology, equity, disability, accessibility, K–12, education)  相似文献   

When 18 Days of Television Coverage Is Not Enough: A Six-Nation Composite of Motivations for Mobile Device Use in 2018 Winter Olympic Games     

Andrew Billings  Natalie Brown-Devlin  Kenon Brown  Michael B. Devlin 《Mass Communication and Society》2019,22(4):535-557

A survey of 2,296 people from 6 nations (Canada, China, Germany, Japan, Sweden, and the United States) deciphered uses and gratifications for consuming content on a variety of media platforms during the 2018 Pyeongchang Winter Olympic Games. Results indicate that media diets significantly differed by platform and device, all 16 uses and gratifications were significantly different by nation, and the 2 inverse predictors of Olympic media consumption relate to the desire to interact (companionship and relationship building), whereas none of the 4 direct predictors (entertainment, arousal, competition, and Schwabism) pertained to interpersonal aims. Findings bifurcated by media platform as well; for instance, the inverse predictor of smartphone use—passing time—was a direct predictor of television use. Moreover, relationship building and habitual use were direct predictors of tablet use for Olympic consumption yet were both inverse predictors within the television realm. Implications for uses and gratifications and cross-nation media research are advanced.  相似文献