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11.
The attitude construct is widely used by teachers and researchers in mathematics education. Often, however, teachers’ diagnosis
of ‘negative attitude’ is a causal attribution of students’ failure, perceived as global and uncontrollable, rather than an
accurate interpretation of students’ behaviour, capable of steering future action. In order to make this diagnosis useful
for dealing with students’ difficulties in mathematics, it is necessary to clarify the construct attitude from a theoretical viewpoint, while keeping in touch with the practice that motivates its use. With this aim, we investigated
how students tell their own relationship with mathematics, proposing the essay “Me and maths” to more than 1,600 students
(1st to 13th grade). A multidimensional characterisation of a student’s attitude towards mathematics emerges from this study.
This characterisation and the study of the evolution of attitude have many important consequences for teachers’ practice and
education. For example, the study shows how the relationship with mathematics is rarely told as stable, even by older students:
this result suggests that it is never too late to change students’ attitude towards mathematics. 相似文献
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The objective of this paper is to investigate the role of knowledge management (KM) in networks participated by small firms. To achieve this objective, the literature on KM in small firms has been reviewed. A research question has been defined and addressed through a questionnaire survey conducted in a small firms network. The findings indicate that the surveyed companies perceive the strategic value of KM and adopt several systems even if its adoption is constrained by a number of barriers. The results suggest that firms investigated need to adopt advanced KM systems to manage knowledge more effectively at network level. The evidences also indicate that the surveyed firms are willing to adopt a platform supporting the sharing and exchange of knowledge in the network with a positive impact on innovation processes and the exploitation of market opportunities. The paper outlines some managerial implications as well as avenues for further research. 相似文献
13.
Three experiments are reported assessing whether rats prefer controllable over uncontrollable aversive shock. In Experiment 1, subjects chose between escapable and inescapable shock while relative shock duration varied parametrically. In Experiment 2, subjects again chose between escapable and inescapable shock, but duration was held constant and equal. The final experiment gave subjects a choice between avoidable and unavoidable shock under several signaling conditions. Choice behavior proved sensitive to relative shock duration and to predictability of shock but not to controllability of shock. 相似文献
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The paper proposes a framework for the study of cultural heritage management issues: the “heritage chain”. The notion translates the concept of supply chain derived from industrial organization, investigating the set of activities taking place in the heritage sector (from preservation, to archaeological excavation, conservation, research, and museum presentation) in their relationships and abilities to impact performances. The concept can be used both to address problems and inconsistencies within an individual case and, in a comparative perspective, to understand how heritage became structured differently in different countries. In this paper it is applied to a specific case of heritage preservation and management in China: the “Horse and Chariot” Museum. While investigating several aspects of management of the Chinese heritage (a rather unusual field research made possible by an attitude toward international collaboration), the case highlights the ability of the “heritage chain” to grasp a single case of heritage management with a holistic view, opening up possibilities of development for the new framework. 相似文献
16.
This essay presents the theoretical framework and main results of a research on intercultural mediation which has been performed in eight multicultural classrooms of Italian secondary schools. Intercultural mediation is conceived as a form of dialogic communication which should empower empathic and equal relationships between the participants by changing the existent negative patterns (dialogic mediation). The empirical features of mediation have been investigated in the interactions between mediators and adolescents in the selected classrooms. The analysis demonstrated that some dialogic actions were effective in empowering students’ personal expressions, promoting effective reflections and new narratives about their relationships, and management of their conflicts. Two limitations of dialogic mediation emerged from the analysis: (1) dialogic actions were always effective in demonstrating mediators’ involvement and coordination with students, but they were only occasionally effective in promoting dialogue among students; (2) promotion of active participation was more frequently successful than coordination of reflection and conflict management. 相似文献
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This paper investigates the supply chain (SC) management and innovation strategies with the purpose to identify: 1) which commercial contracts are suitable to coordinate SC innovation projects; 2) which motivations push SC members to adopt contracts to pursue innovation projects; and 3) how contractual clauses differ in different stages of the innovation process. A comparative case study among five High Tech (HT) companies in the Netherlands uncovers the motivations for adopting certain contracts over others. The findings illustrate that contracts discussed in the literature (sales-rebate, buy back, revenue sharing, etc.) successfully work for commercial agreements but not at all for coordinating joint innovation projects. Motivations for adopting these contracts do not limit to general company characteristics but also stretch from historical reasons to future strategies. The findings help HT companies to setting up the basis of a contract to coordinate joint innovation projects within SCs. 相似文献
18.
Pietro Boscolo 《European Journal of Psychology of Education - EJPE》1991,6(2):167-174
The role of context variables is emphasized in recent research on writing, from which a great variety of meanings of the word ‘context’ emerges. The aim of this paper is to investigate some aspects of the identification of context variables in writing research by focusing on three main functions of context:
- context as a condition for communication, i.e. the ground the writer creates in order to communicate with the reader
- context as task environment, i.e. the situational variables (task objectives, motivational aspects, media, etc.) which can influence the writing process and/or product
- context as an interactive framework, i.e. context as constituted by what people are doing, as well as by when and where they are doing it.
19.
Pietro Cerreta 《Science & Education》2014,23(4):747-760
The Gravity-Powered Calculator is an exhibit of the Exploratorium in San Francisco. It is presented by its American creators as an amazing device that extracts the square roots of numbers, using only the force of gravity. But if you analyze his concept construction one can not help but recall the research of Galileo on falling bodies, the inclined plane and the projectile motion; exactly what the American creators did not put into prominence with their exhibit. Considering the equipment only for what it does, in my opinion, is very reductive compared to the historical roots of the Galilean mathematical physics contained therein. Moreover, if accurate deductions are contained in the famous study of S. Drake on the Galilean drawings and, in particular on Folio 167 v, the parabolic paths of the ball leaping from its launch pad after descending a slope really actualize Galileo’s experiments. The exhibit therefore may be best known as a ‘Galilean calculator’. 相似文献
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Bruno Calderoni Giuseppe Cecere Emilia Angela Cordasco Luigi Guerriero Pietro Lenza Gaetano Manfredi 《Journal of Cultural Heritage》2010,11(2):163-171
The knowledge of the morphological and mechanical properties of masonry walls is very important for the refurbishment of ancient buildings, particularly when the requirements of both structural safety and historical preservation must be fulfilled. The masonry is not of homogenous material: its mechanical properties depend on stones, mortar, and texture which are very variable due to their dependence on the historical periods and the geographical area of the erection. For this reason, a deep knowledge of masonries built in different sites and historical periods is essential in order to evaluate both the capacities of bearing vertical load and the seismic vulnerability of the masonry structure. Three fundamental typologies of tuff masonry have been defined: they are the characteristics of different historical periods from the XVI to the XX century. The models are in full-scale in order to reproduce the three defined chronotypes. Original tuff stones quarried in the corresponding historical period, mortars similar to the original ones, reproduced according to ancient documents and original constructive techniques have been used for the construction of the specimens. Compression tests performed in displacement control have been carried out on the masonry models in order to determine the maximum resistance of the material and the corresponding strain, the ultimate strain and corresponding residual strength. In this paper, the procedure used for making the specimens and for experimentally evaluating the mechanical properties of post-medieval Neapolitan yellow tuff masonry are illustrated and the obtained results, even in terms of plastic capacity of these kinds of masonry, are reported. 相似文献