Cadaveric dissection as an educational tool for anatomical sciences in the 21st century          下载免费PDF全文

Sanjib Kumar Ghosh 《Anatomical sciences education》2017,10(3):286-299

Anatomical education has been undergoing reforms in line with the demands of medical profession. The aim of the present study is to assess the impact of a traditional method like cadaveric dissection in teaching/learning anatomy at present times when medical schools are inclining towards student‐centered, integrated, clinical application models. The article undertakes a review of literature and analyzes the observations made therein reflecting on the relevance of cadaveric dissection in anatomical education of 21st century. Despite the advent of modern technology and evolved teaching methods, dissection continues to remain a cornerstone of anatomy curriculum. Medical professionals of all levels believe that dissection enables learning anatomy with relevant clinical correlates. Moreover dissection helps to build discipline independent skills which are essential requirements of modern health care setup. It has been supplemented by other teaching/learning methods due to limited availability of cadavers in some countries. However, in the developing world due to good access to cadavers, dissection based teaching is central to anatomy education till date. Its utility is also reflected in the perception of students who are of the opinion that dissection provides them with a foundation critical to development of clinical skills. Researchers have even suggested that time has come to reinstate dissection as the core method of teaching gross anatomy to ensure safe medical practice. Nevertheless, as dissection alone cannot provide uniform learning experience hence needs to be complemented with other innovative learning methods in the future education model of anatomy. Anat Sci Educ 10: 286–299. © 2016 American Association of Anatomists.  相似文献   

Excellence in doctoral supervision: an examination of authoritative sources across four countries in search of performance higher than competence     

Alistair McCulloch  Vijay Kumar  Susan van Schalkwyk  Gina Wisker 《Quality in Higher Education》2016,22(1):64-77

Supervision is generally recognised as playing a crucial role in the quality of a research student’s doctoral experience and their academic outcomes and, in common with most areas of higher education, there is an oft-stated desire to pursue excellence in this important area. Excellence in research degree supervision is, however, an elusive concept and on close scrutiny most of the discussions of high-quality supervision, even those that purport to be identifying excellence, refer to competence rather than excellence. This paper examines two potentially national authoritative perspectives from which excellence in research degree supervision might be explicated (codes of practice and learning and teaching awards) from Australia, New Zealand, South Africa and the United Kingdom but concludes that the complex nature of the activity and the complexity of the concept itself mean that rather than identifying excellence in supervision we can only respond to claims for excellence.  相似文献   

The design,implementation, and evaluation of a digital interactive globe system integrated into an Earth Science course     

Wei-Kai?Liou  Kaushal?Kumar?Bhagat  Chun-Yen?ChangEmail authorView author&#;s OrcID profile 《Educational technology research and development : ETR & D》2018,66(2):545-561

The aim of this study is to design and implement a digital interactive globe system (DIGS), by integrating low-cost equipment to make DIGS cost-effective. DIGS includes a data processing unit, a wireless control unit, an image-capturing unit, a laser emission unit, and a three-dimensional hemispheric body-imaging screen. A quasi-experimental study was conducted to evaluate the learning effectiveness of our system. A total of 105 junior high-school students from Taiwan participated in this 8-week experiment. The students were divided into three individual groups of 35 students each, with one control group and two experimental groups (EG1 and EG2). The results of one-way mixed design ANOVA indicated that participants in the experimental group, who used the DIGS, outperformed the other two groups, in the post-test as well as in the delayed test. These findings demonstrate that the proposed DIGS can effectively enhance the performance of the learners in an Earth Science course.  相似文献   

An effective quadrilateral mesh adaptation     

KHATTRI Sanjay Kumar 《浙江大学学报(A卷英文版)》2006,7(12):2018-2021

INTRODUCTION Adaptive grids are desired for solving partial differential equations (PDEs) (Khattri, 2006a; 2007). There are various techniques for generating adaptive quadrilateral meshes. For example, solution of cou- pled elliptic system (Khattri, 2006d; Thompson et al., 1998), minimization of a functional or variational approach (Cao et al., 1999; 2003; Huang, 2001), etc. In this article, we present a simple and effective technique for generating adaptive quadrilateral meshes. Sever…  相似文献   

The Evolution of Global Positioning System (GPS) Technology   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Kumar  Sameer  Moore  Kevin B. 《Journal of Science Education and Technology》2002,11(1):59-80

Early in the race to space in the 1950s, the U.S. Department of Defense found that tracking the position of satellites could be used to track fixed bodies on the surface of the Earth. No one realized that the NAVSTAR GPS satellite constellation program, that began its research and development in 1973 and launching its first four satellites in 1978, would change the very nature of our world in the next two decades. The system later to be known simply as the Global Positioning System (GPS) would not only provide complex navigation and timing capability to the military but, might very well, be the backbone to energize the faltering economy in 2001. A myriad of evolving GPS applications and complementary technologies may spawn new, much needed economic growth. Advances in integrated circuit technology and high-volume applications have helped to bring the price of GPS receivers down to $100–$500. The size of GPS receivers has now been considerably reduced. Prices and device sizes will continue to fall in the next decade while the applications for this technology will continue to blossom. It should be no surprise when this technology affects each of us, and, is used in every home and business in some form during this decade.  相似文献   

Bionomics of Mansonioides mosquitoes in relation to community structure of hydrophytes/breeding habitats in Cherthala,Kerala     

S. Sabesan  G. Rajendran  N. Pradeep Kumar 《Indian journal of clinical biochemistry : IJCB》1997,12(1):36-38

Three species of Mansonioides vectors viz.,Ma. annulifera, Ma. uniformis andMa. indiana were found in Cherthala taluk, Kerala which is one of the endemic areas due toB. malayi. The immatures of Mansonioides thrive mainly in association with macrophytic hydrophytes such asP. stratiotes, S. molesta andE. crassipes in perennial habitats (ponds, channels/ canals etc.,) andI. miliaceae in seasonal habitats (fallow lands etc.) Breeding potential was higher (130.19) in clean ponds withP. stratiotes, compared to that of polluted ones (40.69). However, the polluted habitats infested with the same host plants were found to be the most productive forMa. annulifera, with an average daily adult emergence rate of 601/100 sq.m.). The clean habitats played a major role in the contribution ofMa. uniformis, whereS. molesta in the perennial habitats and I. miliaceae in the seasonal fallow lands were the favourable plants contributing a daily output of 12.5/100 sq.m and 221.81/100 sq.m. respectively.E. crassipes infested polluted habitats formed the major source forMa. indiana, the emergence rate being 13.89/100 sq.m. The perennial habitats supported mainly the breeding ofMa. annulifera (70.82%), whereas the seasonal habitats contributed the major chunk ofMa. uniformis (92.54%) andMa. indiana (71.43%). The bionomics of Mansonioides mosquitoes are thus shown to be greatly influenced by the community structure of hydrophytes and also the nature of breeding habitats.  相似文献   

Toxicology and free radicals scavenging property of Tamra bhasma     

N. Pattanaik  Ajita V Singh  R. S. Pandey  B. S. Singh  Mohan Kumar  S. K. Dixit  Yamini B. Tripathi 《Indian journal of clinical biochemistry : IJCB》2003,18(2):181-189

Free radicals are implicated in various chronic diseases. There has always been a search for new antioxidants. In this paper we have investigated Tamra bhasma, a metallic ayurvedic preparation. It is a time-tested medicine in Ayurveda and is in clinical use for various ailments specifically the free radical mediated diseases. Our results show that Tamra bhasma inhibits lipid peroxidation (LPO), prevents the rate of aerial oxidation of reduced glutathione (GSH) content and induces the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) in rat liver homogenate in the bi-phasic manner. The drug was orally given for 7, 15 and 30 days in different doses. Best protective response was found at the dose of 0.5mg/100g body weight in albino rats, although it showed some histopathological changes at the dose of 20mg/100g body weight. The results suggest that this Ayurvedic preparation is not merely a source of copper metal, but it is a strong anti-oxidant with no detectable adverse effect in lower doses of therapeutic range.  相似文献   

Abstracts of 43rd National Conference of Association of Clinical Biochemists of India (ACBICON 2016)     

Subir Kumar Das 《Indian journal of clinical biochemistry : IJCB》2016,31(1):1-2

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Hubert Dreyfus, On the Internet: Thinking in Action     

Arun Kumar Tripathi 《Ethics and Information Technology》2003,5(1):63-64

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Defect in mitochondrial functions in damaged human mitral valve     

Santosh Shinde  Pawan Kumar  Kaushala Mishra  Neela Patil 《Indian journal of clinical biochemistry : IJCB》2006,21(2):156-160

Mitochondrial diseases are a heterogeneous group of disorders in which a primary mitochondrial dysfunction is proven by morphological, biochemical, and genetic examinations. The mitral valve has important function in the regulation of blood flow from one chamber to another. Often, the mitral valve becomes abnormal with age, in Rheumatic fever or it is abnormal from birth (Congenital) or it can be destroyed by infection i.e. bacterial endocarditis and needs replacement. Myocardial function depends on energy produced by mitochondria and in any of these disease conditions, mitochondrial functions and enzyme activities may be impaired. With this in view, we analyzed the relationship between preoperative clinical conditions (as per New York heart Association) and extent of mitochondrial enzyme activities in damaged Human mitral valve in two types of heart disease such as Rheumatic Heart Disease (RHD) and Bacterial Endocarditis (BE). Thirty nine Patients undergoing cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) for routine valvular heart surgery were included in the study. Controls included 11 normal porcine mitral valve samples without any evidence of heart disease. Mitochondrial enzymes like cytochrome oxidase (COX), succinate dehydrogenase (SDH), malate dehydrogenase (MDH), citrate synthase (CS) and ATPase were determined. Mitochondrial COX, SDH, CS and Total ATPase activities were significantly decreased in disease condition like BE and RHD when compared with control (P<0.001). On the other hand as per New York Heart Association (NYHA) preoperative clinical classification, all the mitochondrial enzymes were significantly (p<0.05) impaired in class IV as compared with NYHA class I, II and III. Present study shows that impairment in the mitochondrial enzymes activities are more pronounced in bacterial endocarditis (BE). It also indicates that damage to mitochondrial enzymes are most pronounced in NYHA class IV.  相似文献