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161.
Bhupinder Kaur Gill Promila Jindal Raj Kumar Shweta Tiwari Namrata Sharma Anupama Goel 《Indian journal of clinical biochemistry : IJCB》2007,22(1):148-151
Study was undertaken to assess thyroid status in hyperemesis gravidarum. 150 women pregnant with <20 weeks of gestation were
selected randomly and out of these 100 women presenting with hyperemesis formed study group while 50 normal pregnant women
served as controls. 53% of hyperemetic pregnant women were primigravidae and 82% of pregnant women presented with vomiting
at less than 12 weeks of gestation. Statistically significant, 22% of hyperemetic women had increased serum T3 levels while T4 levels were increased in 67% of women in study group as compared to 8% and 16% respectively in control group. TSH levels
were decreased in 18% of hyperemetic women as compared to 8% in control group with decrease in mean TSH level statistically
significant. 22% of hyperemetic women had electrolyte disturbances and 7% were ketonuric. In clinically euthyroid women, biochemically
altered thyroid function can attribute to vomiting and its prolongation to second trimester 相似文献
162.
E. Raji Nair Swati Banerjee Satish Kumar M. V. R. Reddy B. C. Harinath 《Indian journal of clinical biochemistry : IJCB》2001,16(1):132-135
Proteins secreted into the culture medium byMycobacterium tuberculosis (M. tb) are shown to be source of antigens of immunodiagnostic interest. Anin vitro released 31 kDa antigen ESAS-7F isolated fromM.tb H37Ra culture filtrate by salt precipitation, SDS-PAGE and cation exchange fast protein liquid chromatography (FPLC) was shown
earlier to be a diagnostically important antigen fraction. In this report, we describe the isolation of ESAS-7F antigen using
monospecific antibody coupled to sepharose CL-4B column. The percentage recovery of ESAS-7F antigen using affinity chromatography
was approximately 8% of the total ES antigen proteins compared to 0.05% obtained by conventional purification steps using
salt precipitation, SDS-PAGE and FPLC. Similar seroreactivity was observed by the antigen isolated by both the methods in
indirect ELISA. Affinity chromatography helped in an increased recovery of ESAS-7F antigen and obviates the need for time
consuming conventional purification steps. 相似文献
163.
Prabhat Kumar Nigam 《Indian journal of clinical biochemistry : IJCB》2016,31(2):237-239
The negative interference by bilirubin in serum creatinine estimation by Jaffe’s kinetic method is well known. Several approaches have been suggested to overcome this interference. In this article three different creatinine kits (Jaffe’s kinetic method) have been tested for bilirubin interference and its rectification using two simple approaches. The performance of three kits (A, B and C) supplied by three different manufacturers was tested using IQC and EQAS sera and pooled serum with added bilirubin. To overcome the bilirubin interference two approaches viz. NaOH preincubation and TCA precipitation were used. Bilirubin did interfere in creatinine estimation after a certain level (2.3 mg/dl). However, both NaOH preincubation and TCA precipitation approach rectified this interference. The performance of kit A was better than kit B and C. All the three kits showed bilirubin interference upon increasing the bilirubin concentration but kit A performed better than kit B and C. However, NaOH incubation and TCA precipitation methods overcame this interference to a great extent. 相似文献
164.
Manorama Swain Truptirekha Swain Binoy Kumar Mohanty 《Indian journal of clinical biochemistry : IJCB》2005,20(1):9-17
Background: Autoimmune thyroid disease (AITD), a common organ specific autoimmune disorder is seen mostly in women between
30–50 yrs of age. Thyroid autoimmunity can cause several forms of thyroiditis ranging from hypothyroidism (Hashimoto’s thyroiditis)
to hyperthyroidism (Graves’Disease). Prevalence rate of autoimmune mediated hypothyroidism is about 0.8 per 100 and 95% among
them are women. Graves’ disease is about one tenth as common as hypothyroidism and tends to occur more in younger individuals.
Both these disorders share many immunologic features and the disease may progress from one state to other as the autoimmune
process changes. Genetic, environmental and endogenous factors are responsible for initiation of thyroid autoimmunity. At
present the only confirmed genetic factor lies in HLA complex (HLA DR-3) and the T cell regulatory gene (CTLA 4). A number
of environmental factors like viral infection, smoking, stress & iodine intake are associated with the disease progression.
The development of antibodies to thyroid peroxidase (TPO) thyroglobulin (TG) and Thyroid stimulating hormone receptor (TSH
R) is the main hallmark of AITD. Circulating T Lymphocytes are increased in AITD and thyroid gland is infiltrated with CD4+
and CD8+ T Cells. Wide varieties of cytokines are produced by infiltrated immune cells, which mediate cytotoxicity leading
to thyroid cell destruction. Circulating antibodies to TPO and TG are measured by immunofluorescense, hemagglutination, ELISA
& RIA. TSHR antibodies of Graves’ disease can be measured in bioassays or indirectly in assays that detect antibody binding
to the receptor. 相似文献
165.
Fructose developed a pinkish orange chromogen on treatment with o-cresol: 70% sulphuric acid at 32°C for 15 minutes with a
λ max of 500nm. Fructose was 185 times more chromogenic than glucose. Total carbohydrate and fructose values in protein-free
filtrate of normal serum samples were in the range, 55.4–86.3 mg/dl and 1.55–3.29 mg/dl, respectively. In diabetes, the observed
values were 197–354 mg/dl and 2.91–6.81 mg/dl, respectively. 相似文献
166.
Sanju Jalla Sunil Sazawal Salkat Deb robert E. Black Satya Narayan Das Archana Sarkar Maharaj K. Bhan 《Indian journal of clinical biochemistry : IJCB》2004,19(2):95-99
Lymphocyte subset estimations by flow cytometry in population-based studies require transportation of samples from the field
site to the laboratory. As samples arrive late in the day they have to wait overnight before being processed. The effect of
two possible approaches, sample storage for 24 h before staining and immediate staining with analysis after 24 h and 48 h
were evaluated. Two sets of experiments were performed with EDTA (ethylenediamine tetra-acetate) anticoagulated peripheral
blood. In the first experiment, after collection, each sample was divided into two portions. One portion was stained at the
time of blood collection and the other 24 h later after keeping it at room temperature (38–45°C). In the second experiment,
blood samples were stained within 1–2 h. Each sample was analyzed immediately upon completion of staining process and subsequently
after 24 h and 48 h of storage at 4°C. Results suggest that blood collected in EDTA can be processed using whole blood lysis
method, after storage at room temperature (38–45°C) for 24 h with some but not significant alteration in T-cell subsets. Storage
at 4°C after staining for 24 h results in a lesser and insignificant loss of cells or alteration of T-cell subsets and may
be the method of choice. 相似文献
167.
Subir Kumar Das Prasunpriya Nayak D. M. Vasudevan 《Indian journal of clinical biochemistry : IJCB》2003,18(2):111-118
A variety of laboratory tests are available to assist in the diagnosis of alcohol consumption and related disorders. The levels
of intake at which laboratory results become abnormal vary from person to person. Laboratory tests are particularly useful
in settings where cooperativeness is suspected or when a history is not available. Several biochemical and hematological tests,
such as γ-glutamyltransferase (GGT) activity, aspartate aminotransferase (AST) activity, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol
(HDL-C) content of serum, and erythrocyte mean corpuscular volume (MCV) are established markers of alcohol intake. Their validity
as markers is based largely on correlations with recent intake at a single time point and on decreases in elevated values
when heavy drinkers abstain from alcohol. These readily available laboratory tests provide important prognostic information
and should be integral part of the assessment of persons with hazardous alcohol consumption. There are several other markers
with considerable potential for more accurate reflection of recent alcohol intake. These include carbohydrate deficient transferrin,
β-hexosaminidase, acetaldehyde adducts and the urinary ratio of serotonin metabolites, 5-hydroxytryptophol and 5-hydroxyindoleacetic
acid. These markers provide hope for more sensitive and specific aids to diagnosis and improved monitoring for intake. 相似文献
168.
Sanju Jalla Sunil Sazawal Saikat Deb Robert E. Black Maharaj K. Bhan 《Indian journal of clinical biochemistry : IJCB》2002,17(1):69-74
The development of monoclonal antibodies combined with flow cytometry has revolutionized the analysis of lymphocyte subsets.
These newer methods using the Q-prep leucocyte preparation system require only 1–2 ml of blood as compared to 10 ml required
traditionally. One of the main impediments in the use of this superior technology in Indian laboratories has been the high
cost of reagents. This study evaluated methods to reduce the cost of assays. In the first experiment from 26 healthy subjects,
2ml venous blood samples in EDTA (ethylenediamine tetra-acetate) were obtained. Each sample was divided into two equal portions,
one portion was stained using diluted monoclonal antibody, whereas the other portion was stained using standard concentrations
of antibodies. In the second experiment, blood samples from 12 subjects were again divided into 2 portions; one portion of
each pair was processed using commercial Q-prep reagents while the other portion was processed using our own reagents. In
the first experiment, which evaluated use of a diluted antibody against the standard recommended concentrations, a 5-tube
panel that estimated CD3, CD4, CD8, CD20 was used. In the second experiment CD3, CD4 and CD8 were estimated. The total cost
per sample for a 5-panel estimation was however reduced from $39.11 to $1.10.
Given the proven advantages of using a whole blood stain-lyse method for T cell subset estimations, its use should be encouraged
in developing country settings. With the suggested methods the whole blood Q-prep could be performed at appreciably reduced
costs, without loss in precision. 相似文献
169.
Carbohydrate deficient transferrin (CDT) is one of the conventional markers for chronic alcohol consumption, is used by researchers
and clinicians. A number of enzymes are affected by ethanol intake. The induction or inhibition of sialyl transferase and
plasma sialidase may be involved in the CDT level elevation. An alteration of protein transport during post-translational
modification could be a primary mechanism in the impairment of protein metabolism associated with chronic alcohol abuse. Transferrin
being a steroid responsive protein, sex-based hormonal variations might contribute to the lower sensitivity of CDT. Varying
hormonal statuses such as pregnancy, use of contraceptives, menopause/ menstrual cycle can alter iron homeostasis in women.
CDT levels are markedly affected by iron homeostasis. Several CDT assay methods appeared promising, but it is not readily
apparent which technique is the most accurate. Moreover, false-positive results of CDT have been reported in non-alcohol related
hepatic failure and in rare conditions. Therefore clinical interpretation of CDT needs careful assessment in patients with
alcohol-related or non-alcohol-related health disorders. 相似文献
170.
Parsunpriya Nayak Subir Kumar Das D. M. Vasudevan 《Indian journal of clinical biochemistry : IJCB》2006,21(2):53-57
Aluminum and alcohol, both are well-accepted neurotoxin. The plausible mechanisms for their neurotoxicity are also common.
Therefore, the effect of ethanol on aluminum induced biochemical changes in rat brain is being studied. In the present study,
ethanol exposure significantly affected the aluminum and protein content of brain. The activities of acid phosphatase and
alkaline phosphatase were also changed. Aluminum exposure, on the other hand, contributed significantly in the alterations
of aluminum content, acid phosphatase acivity and aspartate aminotransferase activity. Though ethanol co-exposure significantly
influenced the aluminum load of brain, the interactions of these two neurotoxins were found to be significant only in case
of acid phosphatase activity of brain. Therefore, it can be suggested that general neurotoxicity produced by aluminum is not
modified by ethanol. However, the aluminum load caused by aluminum exposure, may be influenced by ethanol co-exposure. 相似文献