Analysis of performance in orienteering with treadmill tests and physiological field tests using a differential global positioning system     

Larsson P  Burlin L  Jakobsson E  Henriksson-Larsén K 《Journal of sports sciences》2002,20(7):529-535

The aim of this study was to determine the physiological responses to orienteering by examining the interrelationships between the information provided by a differential global positioning system (dGPS) about an orienteer's route, speed and orienteering mistakes, portable metabolic gas analyser data during orienteering and data from incremental treadmill tests. Ten male orienteers completed a treadmill threshold test and a field test; the latter was performed on a 4.3 km course on mixed terrain with nine checkpoints. The anaerobic threshold, threshold of decompensated metabolic acidosis, respiratory exchange ratio, onset of blood lactate accumulation and peak oxygen uptake (VO2peak) were determined from the treadmill test. Time to complete the course, total distance covered, mean speed, distance and timing of orienteering mistakes, mean oxygen uptake, mean relative heart rate, mean respiratory exchange ratio and mean running economy were computed from the dGPS data and metabolic gas analyser data. Correlation analyses showed a relationship between a high anaerobic threshold and few orienteering mistakes (r = - 0.64, P < 0.05). A high threshold of decompensated metabolic acidosis and VO2peak were related to a fast overall time (r = -0.70 to -0.72, P < 0.05) and high running speed (r = 0.64 to 0.79, P < 0.05 and P < 0.01, respectively), and were thus the best predictors of performance.  相似文献   

A conceptual framework for the reform of educational administration     

Graciela Ruíz Durán 《Prospects》1977,7(1):65-72

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Training administrators and educational administration requirements     

Alberto Gutiérrez Reñón 《Prospects》1977,7(1):73-81

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Editorial     

Teresa Cremin  Barbara Comber  Shelby Wolf 《Literacy》2007,41(2):55-61

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Das System des Unterrichtswesens der Ungarischen Volksrepublik     

József Szarka 《International Review of Education/Internationale Zeitschrift für Erziehungswissenschaft/Revue internationale l'éducation》1970,16(3):384-386

Ohne Zusammenfassung  相似文献   

An example of the passage from the concrete to the manipulation of formal systems     

Zoltan P. Diénès 《Educational Studies in Mathematics》1971,3(3-4):337-352

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The comprehensive versus selective school issue: Introductory remarks     

Torsten Husén 《International Review of Education/Internationale Zeitschrift für Erziehungswissenschaft/Revue internationale l'éducation》1971,17(1):3-10

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Impact of question-answering tasks on search processes and reading comprehension     

Raquel Cerdán  Eduardo Vidal-Abarca  Tomás Martínez  Ramiro Gilabert  Laura Gil 《Learning and Instruction》2009,19(1):13-27

This study examined the effect of (a) high- and low-level questions and (b) reading the text before the questions asked on performance, delayed text recall, and deep text comprehension, as well as on specific text-inspection patterns. Participants were 37 undergraduate students who answered either high- or low-level questions using the software Read&Answer to read and answer questions on the computer screen. Additionally, half of the sample read first a text and then answered the questions (reading-first condition), whereas the other half answered the questions without having read the text in advance (no-reading-first condition). All participants had the text available to search for the answer. Results indicated that high-level questions facilitated deep comprehension but not immediate performance or delayed recall of text, independently of the reading condition, and that high- and low-level questions differentially affected text-inspection patterns.  相似文献   

National identity,social institutions and political values. The case of FC Barcelona and Catalonia from an intergenerational comparison     

Joan Barceló  Peter Clinton  Carles Samper Seró 《Soccer & Society》2015,16(4):469-481

Using the case of FC Barcelona and Catalonia, this paper examines the relationship between national identity, social institutions and political values. Through different methods of qualitative research, we present an intergenerational comparison between age cohorts to capture continuities and discontinuities in the discursive linkage between FC Barcelona and national feelings of belonging. As the context has changed, the identity construction process should have changed in conjunction with it. The results point to how the old cohort tended to use Barça, as an escape valve, intertwined with Catalan nationalism and political freedom. In contrast, the young ones reproduce the old discourse leaving aside those political values formerly attached to the idea of Barça.  相似文献   

HPS: High precision stemmer     

Tomáš Brychcín  Miloslav Konopík 《Information processing & management》2015

Research into unsupervised ways of stemming has resulted, in the past few years, in the development of methods that are reliable and perform well. Our approach further shifts the boundaries of the state of the art by providing more accurate stemming results. The idea of the approach consists in building a stemmer in two stages. In the first stage, a stemming algorithm based upon clustering, which exploits the lexical and semantic information of words, is used to prepare large-scale training data for the second-stage algorithm. The second-stage algorithm uses a maximum entropy classifier. The stemming-specific features help the classifier decide when and how to stem a particular word.  相似文献