The multi-stage fitness test as a predictor of endurance fitness in wheelchair athletes     

Goosey-Tolfrey VL  Tolfrey K 《Journal of sports sciences》2008,26(5):511-517

The aims of this study were two-fold: (1) to consider the criterion-related validity of the multi-stage fitness test (MSFT) by comparing the predicted maximal oxygen uptake (.VO(2max)) and distance travelled with peak oxygen uptake (VO(2peak)) measured using a wheelchair ergometer (n = 24); and (2) to assess the reliability of the MSFT in a sub-sample of wheelchair athletes (n = 10) measured on two occasions. Twenty-four trained male wheelchair basketball players (mean age 29 years, s = 6) took part in the study. All participants performed a continuous incremental wheelchair ergometer test to volitional exhaustion to determine .VO(2peak), and the MSFT on an indoor wooden basketball court. Mean ergometer .VO(2peak) was 2.66 litres . min(-1) (s = 0.49) and peak heart rate was 188 beats . min(-1) (s = 10). The group mean MSFT distance travelled was 2056 m (s = 272) and mean peak heart rate was 186 beats . min(-1) (s = 11). Low to moderate correlations (rho = 0.39 to 0.58; 95% confidence interval [CI]: -0.02 to 0.69 and 0.23 to 0.80) were found between distance travelled in the MSFT and different expressions of wheelchair ergometer .VO(2peak). There was a mean bias of -1.9 beats . min(-1) (95% CI: -5.9 to 2.0) and standard error of measurement of 6.6 beats . min(-1) (95% CI: 5.4 to 8.8) between the ergometer and MSFT peak heart rates. A similar comparison of ergometer and predicted MSFT .VO(2peak) values revealed a large mean systematic bias of 15.3 ml . kg(-1) . min(-1) (95% CI: 13.2 to 17.4) and standard error of measurement of 3.5 ml . kg(-1) . min(-1) (95% CI: 2.8 to 4.6). Small standard errors of measurement for MSFT distance travelled (86 m; 95% CI: 59 to 157) and MSFT peak heart rate (2.4 beats . min(-1); 95% CI: 1.7 to 4.5) suggest that these variables can be measured reliably. The results suggest that the multi-stage fitness test provides reliable data with this population, but does not fully reflect the aerobic capacity of wheelchair athletes directly.  相似文献   

Gender and lifelong learning: critical feminist engagements,edited by Carole Leathwood and Becky Francis     

Victoria C. Wahlgren 《Gender and education》2008,20(6):661-662

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Perceptions of national identity and attitudes toward immigrants and immigration in Canada and Germany     

Victoria M. Esses  Ulrich Wagner  Carina Wolf  Matthias Preiser  Christopher J. Wilbur 《Int J Intercult Relat》2006,30(6):653

In the current research, we examined whether promoting an inclusive national ingroup that includes both immigrants and nonimmigrants would improve attitudes toward immigrants and immigration among members of receiving societies. We also determined whether one's nation of citizenship and individual differences in social dominance orientation would moderate the effects. Participants were 126 Canadian students and 282 German students, who completed a measure of social dominance orientation and were then asked to respond to a series of questions designed to heighten the salience of national identity (national identity), promote a national ingroup that includes immigrants (common national ingroup), or irrelevant questions (control). The dependent measures included attitudes toward immigrants and immigration, and subtle prejudice toward immigrants. Results revealed that the manipulation of a common national ingroup successfully promoted more positive attitudes toward immigrants and immigration among higher social dominance oriented Canadian participants, but tended to have detrimental effects on the attitudes of higher social dominance oriented German participants. Results are discussed in terms of the importance of considering the context in which groups are situated, as well as implications for developing strategies to promote harmony between immigrants and members of receiving societies.  相似文献   

A fuzzy bicriteria approach for journal deselection in a hospital library     

María Luisa Lpez-Avello  María Victoria Rodríguez-Uría  Blanca Prez-Gladish  Amelia Bilbao-Terol  Mar Arenas-Parra 《Library Collections, Acquisitions, and Technical Services》2007,31(3-4):138-160

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On the 'validity' of university examinations: some comments on the language of the debate     

Victoria L. Rippere 《Higher Education Quarterly》1974,28(2):209-218

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Comparative analysis of epilepsy abstracts and a MEDLARS bibliography     

D J Goode  J K Penry  J F Caponio 《Bulletin of the Medical Library Association》1970,58(1):44-50

Bibliographic retrievals on epilepsy prepared by MEDLARS and Excerpta Medica Foundation (EMF) monthly during 1968 were comparatively analyzed. EMF retrieved 1,116 citations with an average delay of 5.41 months, compared to 1,006 citations retrieved by MEDLARS with an average delay of 6.45 months. Differences in size of retrieval and delay between the systems were not significant. A total of 365 journals were represented, but a smaller group of ninety-one journals with citations in both retrievals formed a "core" of productive journals yielding over half the output of both systems. About 300 articles were cited in both searches, leaving 800 citations retrieved by EMF but not by MEDLARS and 700 citations retrieved by MEDLARS but not by EMF. Thus neither system was felt to provide comprehensive coverage of the epilepsy literature. Discrepancies in retrieval were found to be due primarily to indexing and retrieval procedures and not to coverage of different journals by the two systems.  相似文献   

Re: negative strategies and psychopathology in urban,African-American young     

Seitz V 《Child abuse & neglect》2002,26(12):1209-1210

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"Beyond the pale of ordinary criticism": eccentricity and the fossil books of Thomas Hawkins     

Carroll V 《Isis; an international review devoted to the history of science and its cultural influences》2007,98(2):225-265

Thomas Hawkins wrote two books about his extraordinary collection of fossil reptiles: Memoirs of Ichthyosauri and Plesiosauri (1834) and The Book of the Great Sea-Dragons (1840). When contemporary readers explicitly labeled these books "eccentric," they were making use of a new discourse that aimed to make sense of phenomena that appeared to transgress the boundaries of an increasingly ordered and structured world. Some modern-day commentators have dismissed Hawkins's books because of their perceived eccentricities. This essay, by contrast, uses techniques of close reading and reception analysis to investigate them precisely as specimens of "eccentric" literature. It argues that, like other eccentric phenomena, the books were perceived to be liminal--they were felt to undermine the generic boundaries that governed the production and interpretation of the different kinds of literary work. Eccentricity as a social and cultural phenomenon has received surprisingly little attention from scholars until very recently. Through analyzing and contextualizing Hawkins's books, and the varied responses they provoked, this essay aims to contribute to our understanding both of eccentricity and of the generic conventions shaping varieties of scientific writing in the nineteenth century and beyond.  相似文献   

NFL football: a history of America’s new national pastime     

Victoria Mccollum 《Sport in History》2017,37(4):547-549

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A Century of John and Evelyn Dewey's Schools of To-morrow: Rousseau,Recorded Knowledge,and Race in the Philosopher's Most Problematic Text     

Thomas Fallace  Victoria Fantozzi 《Educational Studies A Journal of the American Educational Studies Association》2015,51(2):129-152

A century ago, John Dewey and his daughter Evelyn published Schools of To-morrow to nearly universal acclaim. However, over the course of the 20th century, critics of Dewey have drawn upon Schools of To-morrow to accuse him of being an uncritical disciple of French philosopher, Jean Rousseau, of being opposed to the transmission of content to students, and most recently of endorsing a curriculum that patronized Black students. As a result, the text has become John Dewey's most controversial and problematic. In this historical study, we seek to place Schools of To-morrow in its historical, intellectual, and social context. The first part of the study traces the writing and publication of the text, as well as its changing reception over the past century. The second part of the study directly responds to the three criticisms previously cited: that Dewey was a disciple of Rousseau, that Dewey was opposed to the transmission of content knowledge, and that Dewey endorsed the racially segregated school system of Indianapolis depicted in the text. Drawing upon Dewey's other writings, his course syllabi, his personal correspondence, and lecture notes, we argue that the first two accusations are unfounded, but the third is partially accurate, although incomplete. We conclude that Schools of To-morrow is an undervalued text in the Dewey cannon that warrants closer study.  相似文献