全球顶级科学家实验室的建设与展望——对吉林大学未来科学国际合作联合实验室的启示     

李阳  李北伟  路天浩 《科技管理研究》2019,39(17)

建设全球顶级科学家实验室是一些发达国家吸纳高端科技人才的成功作法，也是我国在新形势下实现科技目标赶超的积极探索。基于已有成果并结合调研，对我国建设全球顶级科学家实验室研究形成较为全面的思考与展望。首先，介绍顶级科学家实验室建设的背景，并对顶级科学家的内涵进行界定；顶级科学家实验室在国际上有不同的发展模式，分析欧美等国的成功经验并进行比较；然后，以吉林大学实验室建设为典型案例，系统分析其建设概况、引智窗口期、组织架构、运行机制以及建设发展中遇到的问题；最后进行讨论，并对未来研究领域进行展望。  相似文献   

弘扬科学家精神展览中的艺术设计——以“稻谷飘香，禾下追梦——中国攻克杂交水稻难关50周年”展览为例          下载免费PDF全文

王赫 《自然科学博物馆研究》2023,(6):88-96

以“稻谷飘香,禾下追梦——中国攻克杂交水稻难关50周年”展览为例,剖析布展与展品的艺术创作过程,总结艺术设计对于提升展览艺术效果和强化主题的作用,特别是手绘艺术在展览展品中的应用方法和价值。  相似文献   

Science and it’s Images – Promise and Threat: From Classic Literature to Contemporary Students’ Images of Science and “The Scientist”     

Pazit Koren  Varda Bar 《Interchange》2009,40(2):141-163

The physical and social image of the scientist among school children, student teachers, and teachers over the last 50 years was investigated. Interest has also been shown in the perception of the personality behind the physical stereotype. Nevertheless, the value judgments of science and scientists and the positive and negative mind–sets attaching to these judgments in our society were less investigated, either in Israel or abroad. In this investigation models given to science and scientists in the classical literature and by some popular science writers were investigated, together with contemporary learners’ views. The populations consist of 125 high school students from Israel. Several tools were used during this investigation to decipher the images of science: Closed questionnaire, writing an essay, and semistructured collective interviews. Classical authors have pessimistic views about science and the scientists. Most models are unfavorable, and criticize the scientists: The mad and monstrous scientist (Frankenstein), the scientist who is alienated from human life (The Physicists), the scientist who is cut off from reality, the “geek” (Gulliver’s Travels), the scientist whose irresponsible research is harmful to the environment (Jurassic Park), the scientist who hungers for knowledge at any cost (Faust). The positive images found especially in the popular science literature: the scientist who cures diseases (Microbe Hunters), the scientist who has professional integrity (Galaxies), the scientist who keeps to the rules of the scientific method to obtain objective results (Wrinkles in Time). We found that some expressions relating to fear of science which have appeared in the classics since the beginning of the 18^th century were found in a similar way with students of the 21^st century, while others expressed that same fear in different ways. There was also an identification with Swift’s “unsociable and unemotional” scientists. Alongside the existence of expressions of fear of science, and mainly ambivalent opinions of students toward science, the dominant picture that stands out in this study is that our contemporary students are pro science, and regard science as a useful area of society.  相似文献   

高被引科学家论文产出力的计量分析*     

刘俊婉 《情报杂志》2013,(10)

对21个领域高被引科学家的论文产出力进行了定量研究和分析。分别对高被引科学家论文数量的排序-频度分布和规模-频度分布进行了分析,结果揭示了高被引科学家排序位次与论文数之间的负指数函数关系,三分之二高被引科学家的论文数量在100-400篇之间。对高被引科学家年均论文产出力的研究发现,高被引科学家的年均SCI论文数量约为7篇,不同国家和不同学科高被引科学家的年均论文产出力存在差异。  相似文献   

Tradition or Modernity? The Fallacy of Misplaced Concreteness Among Women Science Educators in Cameroon     

Howard Woodhouse 《Interchange》1997,28(2-3):253-262

Building on an earlier article in which I analyzed the views of women scientists and science educators in Cameroon, West Africa (Woodhouse & Ndongko, 1993), I reflect upon the ways in which these same science educators managed to commit the fallacy of misplaced concreteness, attributed by Alfred North Whitehead to the abstractions of 17th-century physics.On the one hand, the women in our study tried to make their science teaching as concrete as possible by introducing examples from African traditional medicine that were familiar to their students. On the other, they undermined these laudable efforts by consistently diminishing the value of traditional indigenous healing, for they regarded the abstractions of scientific methodology as real in a way that such treatments were not. I argue that this is a prime example of the fallacy.Furthermore, the only way in which these women science educators could imagine that African traditional healers would be accepted by the scientific community was to become professionals by adopting the abstract methodology of science, which falls foul of the fallacy in the first place. Only then could their various traditional treatments be assimilated to the market and developed commercially by multinational corporations. I argue that this overlooks the ways in which such corporations appropriate the cultural and intellectual property of traditional healers in Cameroon and elsewhere. Moreover, their reasoning is based once again on the fallacy of misplaced concreteness, accepting the abstractions of the market as real, while disregarding the value of indigenous knowledge itself.  相似文献   

大科学时代科学家责任问题探析     

周志娟 《鹭江职业大学学报》2012,(4):84-88

分析大科学时代科学与社会的互动关系以及科学家责任的必要性,探讨大科学时代科学家责任的内涵与构成要素。认为在大科学时代,科技与社会的互动关系、科学家责任的范围和要求都较小科学时代更为复杂。为此,科学家不仅要负起强制性责任,还要关注倡导性责任;既要通过严谨的创新活动,扩展科技知识系统,普及科技知识,弘扬科学精神,推进科技与经济的结合,还应监督科学成果社会应用的合理性,思考、预测、评估科技知识可能带来的负面影响。  相似文献   

Are the authors of highly cited articles also the most productive ones?     

《Journal of Informetrics》2014,8(1):89-97

Ever more frequently, governments have decided to implement policy measures intended to foster and reward excellence in scientific research. This is in fact the intended purpose of national research assessment exercises. These are typically based on the analysis of the quality of the best research products; however, a different approach to analysis and intervention is based on the measure of productivity of the individual scientists, meaning the overall impact of their entire scientific production over the period under observation. This work analyzes the convergence of the two approaches, asking if and to what measure the most productive scientists achieve highly cited articles; or vice versa, what share of highly cited articles is achieved by scientists that are “non-top” for productivity. To do this we use bibliometric indicators, applied to the 2004–2008 publications authored by academics of Italian universities and indexed in the Web of Science.  相似文献   

诺贝尔科学奖获得者的教育背景分析及其启迪     

高媛  刘新科 《技术与创新管理》2009,30(3)

诺贝尔科学奖是世界公认的和最具权威的最高荣誉奖,但是中国大陆的科学家至今还与诺贝尔科学奖无缘.教育与科学关系最为密切,通过研究外国著名大学教育、研究生教育、创新教育、实验教育和家庭教育对诺贝尔科学奖人才产生的重要作用,旨在加强我国人才教育和高水平大学建设,为中国科学家获得诺贝尔科学奖提供有益启迪和借鉴.  相似文献   

大学科研队伍应当成为中国冲击诺贝尔科学奖的先锋队   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

贾丰 《河南师范大学学报(哲学社会科学版)》2004,31(2):175-177

中国在自然科学领域如数学、生命科学、化学、物理学等领域已经取得举世瞩目的成就,但是,与发达国家相比,中国在科学研究中仍然存在一些诸如急于求成和担心失败、过分强调研究条件、缺少合作等亟待解决的问题。中国科学家应当在正确研究方法指引下,通过不懈努力,在自然科学领域取得辉煌成就并获得诺贝尔科学奖。大学是优秀人才聚集的地方,为自然科学研究创造了一支活力较强、敢于创新的人才队伍,发挥着既是培养科学家的摇篮,又是科学研究主力军的作用。大学科学研究队伍应当成为中国冲击诺贝尔科学奖的先锋队。  相似文献   

Serving a Fragmented Field: Information Seeking in Higher Education     

Sarah Rose Fitzgerald 《The Journal of Academic Librarianship》2018,44(3):337-342

This study examines the information seeking habits and needs of scholars of higher education. Because higher education is a field which draws on many disciplinary traditions rather than a pure discipline in itself, the information needs of these scholars require diverse information seeking strategies. Phenomenological interviews with productive scholars of higher education were conducted and analyzed for this study. Ellis' (1989) common information seeking behaviors of social scientists are used as a framework to examine the behaviors of these applied social scientists in the modern information seeking environment.  相似文献