周恩来对知识分子工人阶级属性的认定和坚持     

李合敏 《临沧师范高等专科学校学报》2007,(4):1-9

周恩来是中国共产党内始终认定并坚持知识分子工人阶级属性的典范。他不仅在建国前夕就已认定知识分子"是工人阶级的一部分","工人和职员都是工人阶级",而且在1956年的知识分子问题会议上代表党中央郑重宣布知识分子的"绝大部分已经成为国家工作人员,已经为社会主义服务,已经是工人阶级的一部分","知识分子已经成为我们国家的各方面生活中的重要因素"。对知识分子的这种定性定位,为中国共产党在社会主义时期制定并实行正确的知识分子政策莫定了坚实的理论基础。尽管后来由于种种复杂的原因,党对知识分子阶级属性的认识发生扭曲,知识分子政策也随之发生严重失误,但周恩来依然坚持知识分子工人阶级属性的正确观点,千方百计地保护知识分子,并抓住一切有利时机,努力为知识分子"正名",重申知识分子的工人阶级属性,为从根本上解决知识分子问题创造条件。周恩来在知识分子工人阶级属性问题上的坚持和努力,不仅充分展现了他的坚定的马克思主义者的伟大风范,而且在一定时期、一定范围内避免了党的知识分子政策的更大失误。  相似文献   

智障成年人参加特奥运动效能评价的实证研究     

吴雪萍 《上海体育学院学报》2012,36(3):50-52,69

选取上海市171名智障成年人进行1年的特奥运动训练,并运用《智障成年人运动效能评价量表》进行测试和对比。结果显示:参与特奥运动后,智障成年人在基本体育运动能力、体育运动中的心理过程和适应行为等方面均取得一定进步。认为:参与特奥运动是智障成年人改善生活状态、提高生活质量和适应社会的有效手段。  相似文献   

预防老年人失能的体育干预研究     

周霞  冯力 《精武》2012,(19):12-13

老龄化和高龄化问题产生也还渐加大了失能老年人口规模。如何有效减缓失能老人增长速度成为拄在政府面前的又一项重大课题。众多科学研究证实,体育锻炼能够推迟衰老的速度,提高健康水平,有效预防疾病。本文立足于根据对失能人口当前形势做出列断并分析其原因。发现我圈在解决失能老年人问题上存在很大的漏洞。因此本文通过对老年人体质的分析。得出适合老年人锻炼的体育项目并提出了一些如何解决失能老年人问题的措施。从而提高全体国民的生活质量,微到“老少兼顾”促进和谐社会的繁荣发展。  相似文献   

How do foreign firms patent in emerging economies with weak appropriability regimes? Archetypes and motives     

Marcus Matthias Keupp  Sascha FriesikeMaximilian von Zedtwitz 《Research Policy》2012,41(8):1422-1439

Foreign firms patent in emerging economies with weak appropriability regimes at an increasing rate. This phenomenon constitutes a paradox since in such a setting foreign firms should have weak incentives to patent. In an attempt to resolve this paradox, we conducted an inductive analysis of 11 foreign firms that patent in such a setting, using the case of China as our empirical context. We identify four archetypes of foreign firms and three key antecedents the interaction of which determines which archetype a firm can be subsumed under.Our study complements the developed-economy focus of the extant appropriation literature by adding an international perspective. We extend previous econometric studies by identifying salient factors on the firm level that determine the extent to which a foreign firm patents in emerging economies with a weak appropriability regime, highlighting that the extent of a firm's motivation to maintain its freedom to operate can supersede imitability concerns. We also comment on the practical implications of these contributions for managers of foreign firms. Highlighting a structural conflict of interest between foreign firms from developed economies and the development goals of an emerging economy, we point to the generalizability of our results to a wide range of other emerging economies worldwide.  相似文献   

Behind the recent surge of Chinese patenting: An institutional view   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

Xibao Li 《Research Policy》2012,41(1):236-249

This paper examines a number of forces that have possibly contributed to the explosive growth of Chinese patenting over the past decade. After a review of previous hypotheses and conventional wisdom, this study proposes an additional explanation and argues that patent subsidy programs implemented by each provincial region have played an important role in the growth of Chinese patenting. This institutional change, taking place at the province-level, has induced an increase in patent propensity among not only firms, universities, and research institutes, but also individuals. Empirical evidence based on publicly available data provides solid support for this argument. It was also found that a larger fraction of applications are granted patent rights since the implementation of such programs, suggesting that reduction in patent application quality may not be a serious concern, unless the criteria used for patent examination have been lowered.  相似文献   

基于产业集群的园区知识产权管理与服务绩效指标体系构建     

杨晨  代杰 《情报杂志》2012,31(4):160-164

以产业集群为研究视角,以政府为研究对象,在界定园区知识产权管理与服务绩效概念的基础上,将园区知识产权管理与服务绩效分为过程与结果两大模块,并通过实践调研,遴选园区知识产权管理与服务绩效评价的基本因素,构建了园区知识产权管理与服务绩效指标体系,旨在挖掘园区政府知识产权与服务的瓶颈所在,为提升园区知识产权管理与服务模式提供理论支撑.  相似文献   

云计算时代文化产业知识产权问题与对策研究     

李杨  王智源 《中国科技论坛》2012,(9):117-122

文化产业是推动我国经济结构调整、转变经济发展方式的重要着力点。云计算技术的应用极大地促进文化产业的发展,同时也带来更复杂的知识产权问题。首先厘清文化产业与云计算技术之间的联系,并通过对文化产业在云计算环境下面临知识产权问题的分析,总结其存在的弊端,最后从政策、企业、市场、技术角度探讨云时代文化产业知识产权问题的解决对策,对促进我国文化产业的发展具有积极的意义。  相似文献   

重庆体育专业学生实行自我妨碍与学习成绩的相关性研究     

王梅  洪毅 《重庆职业技术学院学报》2010,19(2):75-77

对重庆市五所高校体育专业一、二、三年级的240名学生的自我妨碍与学习成绩进行调查研究,结果发现：一、二年级学生学习成绩优秀者与不良者采用自我妨碍策略存在显著差异;三年级学生学习成绩优秀者与不良者采用自我妨碍策略不存在显著差异：学习成绩不良与自我妨碍预测因素即自我效能感、智力责任归因、自尊、抑郁存在相关,与惧怕否定不存在显著相关等。  相似文献   

药品专利与人权的冲突与调适   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

韩燕玉 《安阳工学院学报》2010,9(1):19-22

近年来,随着全球化的推进、商品和人口的自由流动,各种传染性疾病快速蔓延于全球,人类对药品的需求也随之变得迫切。而由于对药品实施专利权的保护,导致药品价格居高不下,很多人由于经济原因而无力购买治疗疾病所需的基本药品,这与国际社会所大力提倡的人权保护显得格格不入。作为私权的药品专利权和作为人权的生命健康权之间存在着冲突与矛盾。在协调二者的关系上,药品专利制度本身的完善和新药品的研发是关键。  相似文献   

Three decades of bilateral copyright negotiations: Mainland China and the United States     

Chun-Shuo Chen  Terrence A. Maxwell 《Government Information Quarterly》2010

The study analyzes the dynamics of intellectual property (IP) negotiations between mainland China and the United States from the late 1970s to 2007. As China has industrialized, it has faced significant pressure from its international trading partners led by the United States to improve protection for intellectual property rights (IPR). Analysis of the progress of IP protection in China provides an opportunity to test and modify a model of IP policy development in developing countries, and the impact of U.S. actions on internal IP politics and cultural development.  相似文献