中美大学校名命名模式比较研究          下载免费PDF全文

——基于中美Top  高校的编码分析 《宁波大学学报(教育科学版)》2021,(4):87-101

校名是大学的首要品牌,也是大众接触的第一印象,是大学吸引生源的利器。研究依据权威大学排名,选择中国和美国数量相当的代表性大学,运用同一质性研究方法加以分析,借助编码归纳大学校名的命名模式。针对中美799所大学校名共获得2172个初始编码、68个关联编码、13个核心编码。研究发现:中美大学校名的主要命名模式分别有五种和八种。其中,中美大学校名相似的如地理影响、办学内容、办学层级、补充地址等四种命名模式;差异较大的主要集中在中国大学校名的历史特色命名模式,以及美国大学校名纪念人名、宗教传承、历史特色和办学主体这四种命名模式。以此为基础,对比中美大学命名模式的特征和差异,找出其中可能存在的不足,并就中国大学校名命名提出反思和建议。  相似文献   

Reflective Writing on the Cadaveric Dissection Experience: An Effective Tool to Assess the Impact of Dissection on Learning of Anatomy,Humanism, Empathy,Well-Being,and Professional Identity Formation in Medical Students     

Matthew P. Abrams  Tabitha Eckert  Daniel Topping  Katherine D. Daly 《Anatomical sciences education》2021,14(5):658-665

Growing evidence supports the use of reflective writing activities centered around the human cadaveric dissection experience to support and assess elements of medical student wellness. Dissection may promote personal and professional development, increase resilience, and foster a sense of connection and community. This study employed a qualitative analysis of a reflective writing exercise to explore the question: “What is the impact of the cadaveric dissection anatomy experience on the personal and professional development of medical students?” This cross-sectional study was conducted at the conclusion of the first-year anatomy module. A total of 117 United States allopathic medical students were given a questionnaire designed to elicit the students' experiences and introspection. The exercise included four reflective questions that were provided to 20 groups of six students. Grounded theory analysis was used to explore themes that arose in students' responses. Participants exhibited several common reactions to cadaveric dissection. After analyzing all responses, 266 unique open codes were identified for all four questions. These open codes were sorted into ten distinct axial codes, which are broader categorical themes of open codes. The aims of our study were to identify themes that emerged as students reflected on the impact of their dissection experience using reflective writing as a tool to capture these themes and to gather information to inform pedagogical methodologies. The researchers observed that the educational effects of dissection captured in the reflective writing resembled those found in other areas of medical education that emphasize professional identity formation and important humanistic qualities.  相似文献   

Fear of Death and Examination Performance in a Medical Gross Anatomy Course with Cadaveric Dissection     

Sara Allison  Andrew Notebaert  Eddie Perkins  Marianne Conway  Erin Dehon 《Anatomical sciences education》2021,14(6):764-773

Cadaveric dissection offers an important opportunity for students to develop their ideas about death and dying. However, it remains largely unknown how this experience impacts medical students' fear of death. The current study aimed to address this gap by describing how fear of death changed during a medical gross anatomy dissection course and how fear of death was associated with examination performance. Fear of death was surveyed at the beginning of the course and at each of the four block examinations using three of the eight subscales from the Multidimensional Fear of Death Scale: Fear of the Dead, Fear of Being Destroyed, and Fear for the Body After Death. One hundred forty-three of 165 medical students (86.7%) completed the initial survey. Repeated measures ANOVA showed no significant changes in Fear of the Dead (F (4, 108) = 1.45, P = 0.222) or Fear for the Body After Death (F (4, 108) = 1.83, P = 0.129). There was a significant increase in students' Fear of Being Destroyed (F (4, 108) = 6.86, P < 0.0005) after beginning dissection. This increase was primarily related to students' decreased willingness to donate their body. Concerning performance, there was one significant correlation between Fear for the Body After Death and the laboratory examination score at examination 1. Students with higher fears may be able to structure their experience in a way that does not negatively impact their performance, but educators should still seek ways to support these students and encourage body donation.  相似文献   

晚清新小说人物命名初探     

孙轶Min 《上海师范大学学报(哲学社会科学版)》2002,31(4):108-113

晚清特殊的社会和时代背景造就了新小说这一异于传统小说的样式，它不仅充满新概念新事物，还具有新的化内涵，并通过独具一格的人物命名体现出来。人物命名的目的在新小说中分为三大类：一为讽刺人物，二为表现主旨，三为构造情节。通过这一类型化研究,可以使我们对晚清新小说的价值作一番新的思考。  相似文献   

新世纪诗歌的回归与融合——从“中间代”诗群“命名”现象谈起     

余娜 《楚雄师范学院学报》2011,26(5):48-52

从民间诗歌刊物走向正式出版物,"中间代"诗群的"命名"行为传达出鲜活的现场感,"命名"行为本身所拥有的诗学意义和文化意义丰富深刻,昭示了时至今日诗歌在某种程度上更加回归文学本位。同时,"中间代"诗群的"命名"行为连结了"民间"和"官方"的文学力量,显现出二者互补融合的诗歌发展趋势,这也从另一方面说明体现当代诗歌发展趋向的新的美学风格尚未成熟,诗人和诗尚处于摸索和调整的时期。  相似文献   

商城起义命名问题再探     

《信阳师范学院学报(哲学社会科学版)》2019,(5):136-140

商城起义作为鄂豫皖革命根据地奠基的三大武装起义之一,其名称在表述的过程中由于历史、现实及学术旨趣等原因,存在着"立夏节起义""商南起义""商南暴动"等不同称谓。基于中华人民共和国成立后对中共领导的革命斗争命名的政治、历史、文化、惯例等多重因素的考量,应以"商城起义"作为该历史事件的规范命名。  相似文献   

Browsing software of the Visible Korean data used for teaching sectional anatomy     

Shin DS  Chung MS  Park HS  Park JS  Hwang SB 《Anatomical sciences education》2011,4(6):327-332

The interpretation of computed tomographs (CTs) and magnetic resonance images (MRIs) to diagnose clinical conditions requires basic knowledge of sectional anatomy. Sectional anatomy has traditionally been taught using sectioned cadavers, atlases, and/or computer software. The computer software commonly used for this subject is practical and efficient for students but could be more advanced. The objective of this research was to present browsing software developed from the Visible Korean images that can be used for teaching sectional anatomy. One thousand seven hundred and two sets of MRIs, CTs, and sectioned images (intervals, one millimeter) of a whole male cadaver were prepared. Over 900 structures in the sectioned images were outlined and then filled with different colors to elaborate each structure. Software was developed where four corresponding images could be displayed simultaneously; in addition, the structures in the image data could be readily recognized with the aid of the color-filled outlines. The software, distributed free of charge, could be a valuable tool to teach medical students. For example, sectional anatomy could be taught by showing the sectioned images with real color and high resolution. Students could then review the lecture by using the sectioned and color-filled images on their own computers. Students could also be evaluated using the same software. Furthermore, other investigators would be able to replace the images for more comprehensive sectional anatomy.  相似文献   

Who donates their body to science? An international,multicenter, prospective study     

Cornwall J  Perry GF  Louw G  Stringer MD 《Anatomical sciences education》2012,5(4):208-216

The altruistic act of body donation provides a precious resource for both teaching and researching human anatomy. However, relatively little is known about individuals who donate their bodies to science (donors), and in particular whether donors in different geographical locations share similar characteristics. A multicenter prospective survey of donors registering during 2010 in three different geographical locations, New Zealand, Ireland, and the Republic of South Africa, was conducted to identify donor characteristics. The 28-question survey included sections on body donation program awareness, reasons for donating, giving tendency, education, ethnicity, relationship status, occupation, religion, and political preference. Two hundred surveys (81%) were returned [New Zealand 123 (85% response rate), Republic of South Africa 41 (67%), and Ireland 36 (92%)]. Results indicate that donors share certain characteristics including reason for donating (80% cited a desire to aid medical science as the main reason for wishing to donate their body); family structure (most donors are or have been in long-term partnerships and ≥ 85% have siblings); and a higher proportion with no religious affiliation compared to their reference population. Some variations between locations were noted including donor age, the mode of program awareness, occupation, relationship status, political preference, organ donor status and with whom donors had discussed their decision to donate. This information could be important for assisting the identification of potential body donors in new and established bequest programs.  相似文献   

Anatomy education in Namibia: balancing facility design and curriculum development     

Wessels Q  Vorster W  Jacobson C 《Anatomical sciences education》2012,5(1):41-47

The anatomy curriculum at Namibia's first, and currently only, medical school is clinically oriented, outcome-based, and includes all of the components of modern anatomical sciences i.e., histology, embryology, neuroanatomy, gross, and clinical anatomy. The design of the facilities and the equipment incorporated into these facilities were directed toward simplification of work flow and ease of use by faculty, staff, and students. From the onset, the integration of state of the art technology was pursued to facilitate teaching and promote a student-centered pedagogical approach to dissections. The program, as realized, is comprised of three 16-week semesters with seven hours of contact time per week, namely three hours of lectures and four hours of dissection laboratory and microscopy time. Set outcomes were established, each revolving around clinical cases with integrated medical imaging. The design of the facility itself was not constrained by a legacy structure, allowing the School of Medicine, in collaboration with architects and contractors, to design the building from scratch. A design was implemented that allows for the sequential processing of cadaveric material in a unidirectional flow from reception, to preparation, embalming, storage, dissection, and maceration. Importantly, the odor of formaldehyde typically associated with anatomy facilities was eliminated outside of the dissection areas and minimized within via a high-performance ventilation system. By holistically incorporating an integrated curriculum, facility design, and teaching at an early stage, the authors believe they have created a system that might serve as a model for new anatomy programs.  相似文献   

The effect of simulation-based education before a cadaver dissection course     

Tomiko Yakura  Naoyuki Hatayama  Chikako Kawahara  Yusuke Ohmichi  Mika Ohmichi  Nobutaro Ban  Shuichi Hirai  Takashi Nakano  Munekazu Naito 《Anatomical sciences education》2022,15(2):392-402

Although the methods for medical education continue to evolve due to the development of medicines, the cadaver dissection course still plays a fundamental role. The cadaver dissection course allows students to learn to handle instruments correctly while actively exploring three-dimensional anatomy. However, dissection comes with the risk of accidental injury. In recent years, the number of classes offered for the cadaver dissection course has decreased while the amount of knowledge required in clinical medicine has increased. Simulation-based education (SBE) has been proven to be an effective educational method that enhances the development of practical skills by integrating learners' knowledge and skills. This study aimed to investigate the effect of SBE as a preparatory education course when taken prior to a medical student's enrollment in the cadaver dissection course. In the present study, an SBE assuming practical cadaver dissection course was performed in the Clinical Simulation Center. The frequency of injury rates per 1000 h of cadaver dissection course was significantly less in 2017 and 2018 compared to that in 2016. Two years after the implementation of the SBE, average student self-efficacy scores and written examination scores significantly increased, whereas self-contentment scores were relatively unchanged. The results showed that the implementation of SBE decreased the incidence of injuries and improved students' overall self-efficacy scores and increased acquisition of knowledge evident on written examination score. Therefore, SBE as a preparatory education course may effectively promote the combined development of dissection skills and anatomical knowledge in the subsequent fundamental cadaver dissection course.  相似文献