Strengthening Agricultural Education and Training in sub-Saharan Africa from an Innovation Systems Perspective: A Case Study of Mozambique     

Kristin E. Davis  Javier Ekboir  David J. Spielman 《The Journal of Agricultural Education and Extension》2013,19(1):35-51

Abstract

This paper examines how post-secondary agricultural education and training (AET) in sub-Saharan Africa can contribute to agricultural development by strengthening the capacity to innovate—to introduce new products and processes that are socially or economically relevant to smallholder farmers and other agents. Using the AET system in Mozambique as a case study, this paper examines the role of AET within the context of an agricultural innovation system. This innovation systems perspective offers an analytical framework to examine technological change in agriculture as a complex process of interactions among diverse actors who generate, exchange, and use knowledge, conditioned by complex social and economic institutions. The paper argues that while AET is conventionally viewed as key to the development of human capital, it also has a vital role to play in building the capacity of organizations and individuals to transmit and adapt information, products and processes, and new organizational cultures and behaviors. The paper emphasizes the importance of improving AET systems by strengthening the capabilities of organizations and professionals; changing organizational cultures, behaviors, and incentives; and building innovation networks and linkages. The paper offers several recommendations to enhance the effectiveness of AET for agricultural innovation and development. Key reforms include aligning the mandates of AET organizations with national development aspirations; inducing change in the cultures of AET organizations through the introduction of educational programs and linkages beyond the AET system; and enhancing innovative individual and organizational capacity by improving incentives to forge stronger links between AET and other stakeholders.  相似文献   

大一学生英语自主学习调查与分析——以海南医学院为例     

王建生 《海南广播电视大学学报》2013,(1):114-117

调查分析86名海南医学院大一学生,以了解其英语自主学习情况,并探讨其影响因素和提高途径。结果发现:大一学生英语自主学习行为具有多样化特征,学习内容仍然以教材和教师布置的任务为主,学习方式主要是做练习题和机械记忆。造成这一现象的主要原因是自我效能感不足、元认知策略和社会/情感策略应用不足。合作学习、同伴评价和有针对性的策略训练有助于学生提升自我效能感,优化学习行为以促进英语自主学习,使学生成为高效的学习者。  相似文献   

我国著作权集体管理组织的反垄断规制刍议     

文梨 《南昌教育学院学报》2013,(9):195-196

著作权集体管理组织是基于对著作权的集约化管理而产生的。在我国,它的治理模式是由一个单独成立的专门的著作权集体管理组织对某一种类型的作品统一行使权利。在此种模式下,集体管理组织的垄断行为诸如限制会员进入和退出,强制使用人接受一揽子许可使用以及许可使用费不合理,导致了很多危害,这就需要采取实行集体管理组织的有限竞争、减少政府行政干预、建立内部监督机制与制定科学合理的使用费收取标准等措施来加以解决。  相似文献   

集体公益林承包户经济权利保障的瓶颈与突破     

吴楠 《黑龙江生态工程职业学院学报》2014,(3):40-46

我国集体林权制度改革是为了实现生态文明,也是为了增加林农收入;集体所有的商品林、公益林都被纳入了林权制度改革,然而公益林承担了更多的生态功能,公益林承包户的承包经营权相应也受到了更多的限制。目前,市场化形式与计划型体制的矛盾、经济发展与环境保护的矛盾、政策需求与政策缺位之间的矛盾是限制集体公益林承包户实现其经济权利的瓶颈,应正视国情、厘清法定边界、重视利益协调,通过落实主体改革、深化配套改革、完善森林生态效益补偿制度,依法保障公益林承包户的经济权利,实现经济、生态和社会的共同发展。  相似文献   

对实现精读课效能最大化的一点思考     

刘秀芬 《安阳工学院学报》2004,(2):106-107

精读课历来都是高校外语教学中的重头戏,而且它也确实为提高学生的英语水平发挥了不可磨灭的作用.但多年的实践证明,传统的精读课教学模式已远远不能适应时代的要求.对精读课进行深入的改革,尽可能地充分发挥精读课的最大效能,增强学生的交际能力已是势在必行.  相似文献   

Associations between individual and collective efficacy beliefs and students' bystander behavior     

Björn Sjögren  Robert Thornberg  Linda Wänström  Gianluca Gini 《Psychology in the schools》2020,57(11):1710-1723

This study examined whether defending and passive bystanding during peer victimization episodes were associated with individual- and classroom-level efficacy to stop peer victimization. Self-report survey data were analyzed from 1,467 Swedish fourth-grade students (mean age = 10.55) from 100 classrooms in 63 schools. Multilevel analyses revealed that, when witnessing peer victimization, students more often defended victims if they were high in defender self-efficacy and if they belonged to classrooms high in collective efficacy. In contrast, students were more likely to remain passive if they were low in defender self-efficacy and if they belonged to classrooms low in collective efficacy. Taken together, our findings suggest that efficacy beliefs both at the individual and at the classroom level contribute to explaining variability in students' bystander behaviors, which has potential implications for prevention and intervention work.  相似文献   

谈数码钢琴集体课教学     

张凯 《培训与研究》2003,20(6):100-101

随着社会的发展，数码钢琴以其多功能、智能化优势，普遍为广大音乐院校所使用。它的出现满足了当前大众化音乐教育的需要，在培养学生综合素质、应用能力方面，有着传统小课所不可企及的优势。本主要讲述了数码钢琴的特点，以及如何运用它的科学性功能来组织钢琴集体课堂教学。  相似文献   

邓小平发展理论的再发展     

于一力 《怀化学院学报》2001,20(3):1-5

以江泽民为核心的党的第三代领导集体 ,根据中国政治经济建设不断发展的实际 ,勇于探索 ,在社会主义初级阶段理论、所有制理论以及经济发展战略等方面 ,创造性地运用和发展了邓小平理论 ,使邓小平理论不断深化、丰富和发展  相似文献   

浅析潮汕宗教建筑旅游资源的总体特征     

刘高勇  齐学栋 《韩山师范学院学报》2003,24(2):44-49

详细了解潮汕地区宗教建筑旅游资源后，发现在中国有较大影响的佛教、道教、基督教建筑在潮汕地区都有存在，但以佛教建筑为主，存量、规模都相当可观。同时，佛教建筑不但性状多样，还因其所处地址的巨大差异而导致了完全不同的宗教文化氛围，少数寺院由于多教糅合的显著特征也显得与众不同。而基督教教堂的最大特点是涉及多种西式建筑风格，使得这一地区在传统建筑景观社会文化背景下，同时展示出较丰富的西式建筑风格特色。  相似文献   

A moderated mediation model of political collective action in Hong Kong: examining the roles of social media consumption and social identity     

Yingru Ji  Yanmengqian Zhou  Sora Kim 《亚洲交流杂志》2017,27(5):497-516

Adopting a communication mediation approach, this study explores the role of overall social networking service (SNS) use in facilitating people’s participation in collective political action through the mediation of online and offline political discussions. The study also underscores the moderating effect on the mediation process of both social identity and geographical origin. Moderated mediation analyses reveal that the positive impact of overall SNS use on participation mediated by offline discussion is stronger for people with higher Hong Kong identity and for people from Hong Kong. This moderated mediation model specifies the socio-psychological mechanism of participation in collective political action in an immigrant society such as Hong Kong.  相似文献