蝶鞍区鞍周神经血管的断层解剖及其临床意义     

龚阿芳  苗莹莹  范锡印  李银生  付升旗 《黑龙江科技信息》2015,(9):105-106

目的;通过对蝶鞍区鞍周神经血管断层解剖及毗邻结构的研究,为视交叉及其周围结构病变的影像学诊断和临床微创手术提供形态学数据。方法:选用20例成人湿性尸体头部标本,利用断层解剖技术,对视交叉区进行解剖和观察视交叉及其周围毗邻关系,测量视交叉的大小和角度等,获取视交叉及周围毗邻结构定性定量数据。结果:横断层显示视神经颅内段、视交叉和视束起始段的整体结构比较理想,上下毗邻结构较差;冠状和矢状断层显示视神经颅内段、视交叉和视束起始段的整体结构较差,显示毗邻结构良好,尤其是垂体、海绵窦等相关结构的显示特别理想。矢状断层能清晰显示视交叉和鞍结节的位置关系。结论:建议蝶鞍区及其周围毗邻结构的形态、位置关系的变化采用横断、矢状、冠状扫描进行综合评价。  相似文献   

全程化人体解剖及生理学实验课程考核体系的构建与实践     

樊晓丽  叶挺梅  雷焕宗 《丽水学院学报》2015,(2):115-119

美国教育学家布鲁姆认为,教学评价可分为诊断性评价、形成性评价和总结性评价。实验教学是一种过程教学,实验考核也应高度重视过程考核,因其过程往往比结果显得更重要。借助于计算机自主开发了实验预习与理论试题库检测系统,构建成全程化的人体解剖及生理学实验课程考核体系:实验预习(10%)、课堂表现(20%)、实验报告(20%)、实验设计(20%)、实验理论(10%)和操作考试(20%)。坚持平时与期末评价、教师与小组评价、笔试与口试相结合的三大原则,以此来实现评价过程的全程化、评价主体的多元化和评价方式的多样化。  相似文献   

Integration of Scientific Competence into Gross Anatomy Teaching Using Poster Presentations: Feasibility and Perception among Medical Students     

Michael Schön  Konrad Steinestel  Doreen Spiegelburg  Annika Risch  Mira Seidel  Leon Schurr  Ulrich Kai Fassnacht  Nikola Golenhofen  Tobias Maria Böckers  Anja Böckers 《Anatomical sciences education》2022,15(1):89-101

Scientific competencies, as defined in the German competency framework, describe the ability to think independently and act scientifically which is a central component of medical education. This report describes integration of scientific competencies into anatomical teaching. Based on findings seen in two consecutive years of dissection courses, students worked on either a case report (n = 70) or an original research study (n = 6) in the format of a scientific poster while learning to use primary literature. Posters were evaluated by juror teams using standardized evaluation criteria. Student perception of the project was assessed by quantitative and qualitative data obtained from the faculty's course evaluation and an online-survey. Overall, students worked collaboratively and invested extra-time (median 3.0 hours) in poster creation. Primary literature was integrated in 90.8% of the posters. Overall poster quality was satisfactory (46.3 ± 8.5 [mean ± standard deviation] out of 72 points), but several insufficiencies were identified. Students integrated information gained from the donor's death certificate, post-mortem full-body computed tomography (CT) scan (22.4%), and histopathological workup (31.6%) in their case reports. Students responded positively about learning new scientific skills (median 4.0 on a six-point Likert scale), but free-text answers revealed that some students experienced the project as an extra burden in a demanding gross anatomy course. In summary, it was feasible to introduce students to scientific skills during the dissection course and to increase interest in science in approximately a third of the survey respondents. Further adjustments to ensure the posters' scientific quality might be necessary for the future.  相似文献   

What factors motivate male and female Generation Z students to become engaged as peer teachers? A mixed-method study among medical and dental students in the gross anatomy course     

David A. C. Messerer  Sophie F. Kraft  Astrid Horneffer  Laura A. S. Messerer  Tobias M. Böckers  Anja Böckers 《Anatomical sciences education》2022,15(4):650-662

Peer-teaching is widely established in anatomy teaching and offers well-described advantages. Nevertheless, at Ulm University, Germany, a reduction in the number of peer teacher applicants for the dissection course was observed. This study examined factors related to the attractiveness of a position as a peer teacher for Generation Z students. Participants of the gross anatomy course were asked to evaluate factors influencing the attractiveness of a peer teacher position using a six-point Likert scale. Additionally, open-ended questions were analyzed qualitatively. Sex-specific subgroup analysis was performed comparing students of low and high motivation to apply for a tutorship. Of the 374 students who participated in this study (response rate 53%), 38% stated that they were intending to apply as peer teachers. Data indicated that students displayed intrinsic motivation to apply for a tutorship because of the opportunity to improve their anatomy knowledge and/or their pleasure in teaching. In contrast, extrinsic factors like remuneration of the tutorship and its relevance for their curriculum vitae were least important. Anatomy educators underestimated the demotivating factor of the workload associated with the tutorship and encouraged students less frequently to apply than peer teachers. Only minor sex-specific differences could be identified. Nevertheless, female students were encouraged less frequently to apply than their male peers. In summary, Generation Z students apply as peer teachers because they are enthusiastic about the task. To motivate students to commit to extracurricular activities like a tutorship, anatomy educators should actively encourage students—particularly females—more frequently to apply.  相似文献   

Development and implementation of a three-dimensional (3D) printing elective course for health science students     

Derek J. Harmon  Barbie A. Klein  Cecilia Im  Dylan Romero 《Anatomical sciences education》2022,15(3):620-627

Three-dimensional (3D) printing technology has become more affordable, accessible, and relevant in healthcare, however, the knowledge of transforming medical images to physical prints still requires some level of training. Anatomy educators can play a pivotal role in introducing learners to 3D printing due to the spatial context inherent to learning anatomy. To bridge this knowledge gap and decrease the intimidation associated with learning 3D printing technology, an elective was developed through a collaboration between the Department of Anatomy and the Makers Lab at the University of California, San Francisco. A self-directed digital resource was created for the elective to guide learners through the 3D printing workflow, which begins with a patient's computed tomography digital imaging and communication in medicine (DICOM) file to a physical 3D printed model. In addition to practicing the 3D printing workflow during the elective, a series of guest speakers presented on 3D printing applications they utilize in their clinical practice and/or research laboratories. Student evaluations indicated that their intimidation associated with 3D printing decreased, the clinical and research topics were directly applicable to their intended careers, and they enjoyed the autonomy associated with the elective format. The elective and the associated digital resource provided students with the foundational knowledge of 3D printing, including the ability to extract, edit, manipulate, and 3D print from DICOM files, making 3D printing more accessible. The aim of disseminating this work is to help other anatomy educators adopt this curriculum at their institution.  相似文献   

Virtual anatomy and point-of-care ultrasonography integration pilot for medical students     

Marcus E. Olivares-Perez  Sally Graglia  Derek J. Harmon  Barbie A. Klein 《Anatomical sciences education》2022,15(3):464-475

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Factors impacting the rapid transition of anatomy curricula to an online environment in response to Covid-19     

Laura D. Bauler  Kate M. Lesciotto  Wendy Lackey-Cornelison 《Anatomical sciences education》2022,15(2):221-232

Due to the Covid-19 pandemic, many academic institutions had to rapidly transition education to a remote online environment. While a hurdle for most educators, this transition posed an even greater challenge for anatomy educators, many of whom were forced to depart from the traditional cadaver-based laboratory to a virtual format. Recent publications have discussed the rapid transition to online formats necessitated by Covid-19 and the accompanying difficulties, but none have identified specific factors that influenced the difficulty of this transition. Anatomy educators were surveyed to examine how this transition was accomplished and perceived. Of the 165 educators who responded, the majority utilized cadaver-based laboratory instruction. Educators felt that transitioning the laboratory portion of their courses was significantly more difficult and required more time than converting lecture materials. Factors that impacted the difficulty of the transition included a number of pedagogical aspects of the pre-Covid-19 curricula, including the delivery format of prior content, availability of pre-existing electronic materials, and the laboratory technique previously used. Additionally, the length of time an educator had been teaching prior to Covid-19 impacted their perception of difficulty, with newer and more senior educators finding this much more challenging than mid-tenure educators. Ease of transition may be related to previous exposure to curricular reform, experience with multiple anatomy pedagogies, and educator adaptability. While not surprising that converting a cadaver-based laboratory to an online format was challenging, knowledge of the alignment of this difficulty with prior educator pedagogy can help guide future innovations to anatomy education.  相似文献   

Digital body preservation: Technique and applications     

Vicky Vandenbossche  Joris Van de Velde  Stind Avet  Wouter Willaert  Stian Soltvedt  Noeska Smit  Emmanuel Audenaert 《Anatomical sciences education》2022,15(4):731-744

High-fidelity anatomical models can be produced with three-dimensional (3D) scanning techniques and as such be digitally preserved, archived, and subsequently rendered through various media. Here, a novel methodology—digital body preservation—is presented for combining and matching scan geometry with radiographic imaging. The technique encompasses joining layers of 3D surface scans in an anatomical correct spatial relationship. To do so, a computed tomography (CT) volume is used as template to join and merge different surface scan geometries by means of nonrigid registration into a single environment. In addition, the use and applicability of the generated 3D models in digital learning modalities is presented. Finally, as computational expense is usually the main bottleneck in extended 3D applications, the influence of mesh simplification in combination with texture mapping on the quality of 3D models was investigated. The physical fidelity of the simplified meshes was evaluated in relation to their resolution and with respect to key anatomical features. Large- and medium-scale features were well preserved despite extensive 3D mesh simplification. Subtle fine-scale features, particular in curved areas demonstrated the major limitation to extensive mesh size reduction. Depending on the local topography, workable mesh sizes ranging from 10% to 3% of the original size could be obtained, making them usable in various learning applications and environments.  相似文献   

Dyad pedagogy in practical anatomy: A description of the implementation and student perceptions of an adaptive approach to cadaveric teaching     

Dearbhla P. Cullinane  Denis S. Barry 《Anatomical sciences education》2023,16(1):99-115

Prior to the challenges imposed by the Covid-19 pandemic, anatomy practical sessions at Trinity College Dublin involved eight to 10 students per donor station, rotating between digital learning, anatomical models/osteology, and dissection activities for three hours weekly. To maintain cadaveric participation in the anatomy laboratory while adhering to distancing guidelines, a transition to dyad pedagogy was implemented. This mode of delivery allowed two students per donor station to spend one hour per week in the anatomy laboratory with all digital learning elements transferred to the virtual learning platform Blackboard as pre- and post-practical session learning activities. Dyad pedagogy has been explored in clinical settings and simulation procedural-based training but is yet to be fully verified in anatomy education. To determine the effectiveness of hybrid practical sessions and reduced donor to student ratios, the opinions of first year medical students were examined using an online questionnaire with a 51% response rate. Although students recognized the merits of more time in the anatomy laboratory, including opportunities for self-directed study and exposure to anatomical variation, they felt that having two students per station enabled sufficient hands-on time with the donor body and fostered learning opportunities that would not be possible with larger groups. Strong preferences for quality time with the donor body supported by online resources suggests this modality should be a key consideration in course design for anatomy curricula and emphasizes the importance of gauging students' preferences to optimize satisfaction and learning output when pivoting to blended learning strategies in anatomy education.  相似文献   

人体解剖学课程教学改革浅析     

徐世富 《大众科技》2014,(3):143-144

人体解剖学是学习基础医学和临床医学各学科不可动摇的基石,是学习其他医学课程坚实的形态学基础。为提高学生的学习兴趣,启发学生的立体思维能力和动手能力,在教学过程中,可通过"眼"、"脑"、"手"三者结合,使学生快速地熟悉和掌握解剖学知识,挖掘学生形态思维能力,并将临床常见病例与理论知识紧密结合引发学生的学习热情,以灵活的教学方式,提高解剖学知识的趣味性和实用性。  相似文献