中国田野考古行业人才紧缺的现状与反思     

陈天民  陈宁 《科教文汇》2022,(3)

2021年是中国共产党诞生100周年,也是中国现代考古学诞生100周年。在“双百”周年之际,国家提倡要建设中国特色、中国风格、中国气派的考古学。考古学一时风头正盛,迎来了重大的历史机遇。然而,机遇与挑战并存,中国的一线田野考古还处于人才紧缺的现状,同时存在由此引发的种种问题。该文通过获取最新的行业资讯,结合作者自身多年的求学和从业经验,分析中国田野考古行业人才紧缺的主要原因以及由此引发的不良后果,并从制度层面提出了应对的解决策略,以期能够有效促进田野考古人才在社会上的合理流动,改变行业人才紧缺、高校毕业生就业困难的现状。  相似文献   

提质培优背景下产教融合校企合作制度建设探究     

陈勇 《科教文汇》2022,(3)

制度建设是产教融合、校企合作的关键环节,是职业教育改革发展的根本保障。在职业教育提质培优、增值赋能的背景下,以制度建设为重点,以多样化建设目标为主体,着力于健全产教协同治理结构、完善产教融合管理体制、创新产教融合考核载体三大方面,全面深入校企合作,深化产教融合,建成与经济发展相衔接、与民生需求相适应的中国特色产教融合、校企合作制度体系。  相似文献   

发展院校研究，建设现代大学   总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6  

赵炬明 《西安欧亚学院学报》2005,3(4):1-17

院校研究是把高等教育研究与管理研究的成果应用于高等学校管理，以提高和改进高校管理工作为基本目标的研究。这种研究是偏重于自我研究和应用研究，而不泛指高校的一切学术研究。伴随着美国高等教育的发展历程，美国的院校研究经历了个人自发阶段、科学管理和学校调查运动阶段、黄金阶段以及普及化阶段。根据美国的经验，从我国高等教育的大众化、市场化、国际化等方面阐明我国需要院校研究的原因及可能出现的问题。最后指出，我国院校研究应坚持4个原则：有用、有效、开放、创新，并应从4个方面入手：建立有利的高等教育公共治理环境、建立有利的高等学校管理制度、建立专业人员培养制度、坚持从实际出发，着手解决当前高校管理的重大问题。  相似文献   

非营利组织与美国研究生教育的改革与发展     

李敏 《复旦教育论坛》2005,3(1):57-61

本文介绍了在研究生教育中起较大作用的美国非营利性组织与它的业务、意义。  相似文献   

The significance of materiality in shaping institutional habitus: exploring dynamics preceding school effects     

Pär Isling Poromaa 《British Journal of Sociology of Education》2017,38(3):384-402

This article examines the objective possibilities of Swedish schools to offer an equal and functional pedagogical practice for students’ acquisition of knowledge and skills. The data consist of policy documents, observations, and interviews with students, teachers, and head teachers in three educational settings distinguished by different social demographics. The focus allows for a comparative understanding of how tangible objects generate formations of schools as a relational phenomenon depending on geographic location and social background of students. The article indicates that the impact of materiality lies in its preceding power. It shapes the condition of institutions visualised in architecture, buildings, and the quality of and design of facilities and artefacts. From this material root emanates schools’ values, appeal, social status, and pedagogical organisations – school effects – that empower or weaken the school’s attraction and self-confidence. Different materialities influence each school’s institutional habitus, producing school effects with unequal educational outcomes.  相似文献   

Evaluating the impact of an academic teacher development program: practical realities of an evidence-based study     

Gail A. Rathbun  Jane Leatherman  Rebecca Jensen 《Assessment & Evaluation in Higher Education》2017,42(4):548-563

This study aimed to assess the impact of an entire academic teacher development programme at a Midwestern masters comprehensive university in the United States over a period of five years by examining changes in teaching and student outcomes of nine randomly selected programme participants. Researchers analysed syllabi, course evaluations, grade distributions, programme activity reports, interviews and vita, and concluded that the centre’s impact was greatest on tenure-track faculty who struggled with their teaching. Far more useful to future improvement, however, were the insights gained from reflection on study methods, the researchers’ emotional responses to their findings, their struggle to make sense of the data and grappling with the definition of ‘impact’. In this paper, the researchers share useful lessons learned and illustrate the difficulties inherent in evaluating academic development programmes, with a view to qualifying recommendations currently prevailing in the literature.  相似文献   

Teachers’ perspective on institutional barriers to academic entrepreneurship – a case of Uttarakhand state,India     

Lalit Sharma 《Teachers and Teaching》2017,23(4):436-450

The study explores the institutional factors which influence the impact of education in building academic entrepreneurship in higher educational institutes of Uttarakhand state, India. In order to understand the institutional barriers, the author interviewed 68 senior-level educationists, who were working in the capacity of Director General, Professor, Head, or Director in three different universities or their affiliated institutions. Based on the qualitative data obtained from interviews, we identified five major and four minor factors which were influencing the impact of education in building academic entrepreneurship in the state. The major barriers identified were – poor entrepreneurial ecosystem, poor entrepreneurial orientation, and inclination of universities and institutes to prepare students for jobs, inadequate content of the subject, need for training of entrepreneurship faculty, or specialized entrepreneurship faculty and ineffective teaching methodology. The results so obtained were further reviewed and validated on the basis of past research. The study also takes into account the institutional problems in developing academic entrepreneurship in other developing countries and compares the results. The study will help policy-makers, teachers, and educational institutions to recognize the possible shortfalls in the education system, which eventually result in poor academic entrepreneurship. Suggestions for improvements are included.  相似文献   

西部大开发中关于制度的经济学分析     

金丽国  侯远志 《软科学》2001,15(5):78-80,84

西部大开发中,要素投入和制度投入都具有重要作用。文章从制度的定义入手,应用博弈理论分析了制度的重要性,西部地区制度的滞后表现,并提出了西部地区实施制度创新的切入点。  相似文献   

企业技术创新人员腐败:成因及对策研究          下载免费PDF全文

周永红  张子刚  刘开军 《科研管理》2006,27(6):32-39,79

本文首先阐述企业技术创新人员发生腐败的可能性,以及这类腐败行为对企业技术创新活动产生的X效率影响。其次在评述与组织腐败相关研究文献的基础上,本文按照对人类行为由表及里的认识逻辑,从主观认知和制度缺陷两个维度入手,着重讨论推动技术创新人员实施腐败行为的动力因素,包括心理契约、资源稀缺以及制度的设计和应用。最后针对技术创新人腐败行为产生的成因,提出相应的预防对策。  相似文献   

合作创新中知识传递与制度创新的和谐问题   总被引：9，自引：0，他引：9  

赵兰香  乐惠兰 《科学学研究》2002,20(6):654-658

如何提高企业、科研机构、高等院校合作创新效率 ,越来越受到关注。通过对合作创新中两类问题即降低交易成本和有效传递知识的分析 ,发现降低交易成本的努力有时却阻碍了合作过程中知识的有效传递。如果不能尽快解决制度创新中存在的问题 ,在合作创新中必然会不断引发这种知识传递与制度创新的矛盾 ,从而影响着合作创新的效率和效果。  相似文献