我国退役奥运会冠军社会流动研究     

赵苗  李留东  李敏佳  程梦丹 《浙江体育科学》2020,(2):41-46

研究运用文献资料法和数理统计法,分析我国退役奥运会冠军的社会流动情况,主要从代际流动和代内流动两方面探讨了导致我国退役奥运会冠军社会流动的原因,研究发现:我国退役奥运会冠军社会流动以向上流动为主。并且发现我国退役奥运会冠军社会流动受社会环境、家庭因素和其他个人自致因素的影响,其中,家庭因素对我国退役奥运会冠军的社会流动影响最大。  相似文献   

Co-occurrence of adverse childhood experiences and its association with family characteristics. A latent class analysis with Dutch population data     

《Child abuse & neglect》2019

BackgroundAlthough adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) are relatively common among children, there is limited knowledge on the co-occurrence of such experiences.ObjectiveThe current study therefore investigates co-occurrence of childhood adversity in the Netherlands and whether specific clusters are more common among certain types of families.Participants and SettingRepresentative data from the Family Survey Dutch population 2018 (N = 3,128) are employed.MethodWe estimate Latent Class Analysis (LCA) models to investigate co-occurrence of ACEs. As ACEs we examine maltreatment, household dysfunction, demographic family events, as well as financial and chronic health problems. Gradual measures for maltreatment and financial problems are studied to make it possible to differentiate with regard to the severity of experiences.ResultsOur results show that four ACE clusters may be identified: ‘Low ACE’, ‘Moderate ACE: Household dysfunction’, ‘Moderate ACE: Maltreatment’ and ‘High ACE’. Regression analyses indicated that mother’s age at first childbirth and the number of siblings were related to experiencing childhood adversity. We found limited evidence for ACEs to be related to a family’s socioeconomic position.ConclusionThe found clusters of ACEs reflect severity of childhood adversity, but also the types of adversity a child experienced. For screening and prevention of childhood adversity as well as research on its consequences, it is relevant to acknowledge this co-occurrence of types and severity of adversity.  相似文献   

Coeducational and single-sex physical education: students’ situational interest in learning tasks centred on technical skills     

Vanessa Lentillon-Kaestner  Cédric Roure 《Physical Education & Sport Pedagogy》2019,24(3):287-300

Background: A student’s choice to engage in a learning task is highly related to the student’s environmental stimuli and his or her perception of interest. From this perspective, the construct of situational interest (SI) has been used to interpret students’ motivation in task engagement. SI is assumed to be transitory, environmentally activated, and context specific. It has been conceptualized as a multidimensional construct with five dimensions: instant enjoyment, exploration intention, attention demand, novelty, and challenge. Few prior studies have compared SI between girls and boys in physical education (PE) contexts, and these studies have offered contrasting findings. They were conducted in coeducational (coed) or single-sex contexts and used learning tasks centred on a variety of outcomes: technical or tactical skills, creativity and cultural understanding.

Purpose: In the context of the debate on single-sex and coed classes in PE, this study aimed to estimate the effects of single-sex and coed PE classes on students’ situational interest (SI) within learning tasks centred on technical skills. The researchers decided to study learning tasks centred on the development of students’ technical skills, since these tasks are often used by teachers in PE.

Participants: The sample consisted of 177 Swiss secondary school students, aged 11–17 years (M?=?14.07, SD?=?1.41, 96 boys, 81 girls).

Data collection: The students completed the French 15-item SI Scale after practising a technical learning task in single-sex and coed PE contexts. The researchers chose five physical activities (i.e. athletics, basketball, dance, gymnastics, and volleyball), which are commonly taught in the state of Vaud (Switzerland) and provide a balance between masculine and feminine activities.

Data analysis: A two-way repeated-measures MANOVA was performed to examine the main and interaction effects of student sex and class sex composition on the five SI dimensions.

Findings: The results showed a main effect of class sex composition on student SI but no main effect of student sex and no interaction effect of student sex and class sex composition. More precisely, the scores for three SI dimensions (i.e. instant enjoyment, exploration intention, and attention demand) were higher in the coed context than in the single-sex context.

Conclusions: This study encourages teachers to propose coed PE classes to enhance students’ motivation and engagement when practising learning tasks centred on technical skills. This study offers supplementary evidence of the teacher’s role in promoting student SI. Beyond accounting for students’ dispositional factors (e.g. sex), PE teachers can significantly impact students’ SI in technical learning tasks through instructional choices.  相似文献   

新规则下大级别古典跤运动员在国际比赛中技战术特点的研究     

王向东  崔炎 《北京体育大学学报》2016,39(11):140-144

摘要：为了了解国外优秀古典式摔跤运动员在2013年新规则实施后的技战术特点，为中国摔跤队备战2016年里约奥运会的训练提供科学依据，本文通过查阅文献、专家访谈和使用自主研发的摔跤视频技战术统计分析软件对2013年摔跤比赛新规则实施后的我国古典式摔跤大级别（98公斤级和130公斤级）主要对手的比赛视频进行了研究。结论：1）新规则下98kg和130kg两个级别主要得分技术均为滚桥摔技术和转移摔技术；在其他大分值技术中像过胸摔技术、过背摔技术和抱折摔技术两个级别之间也没有明显的差异。2）新规则下站立摔技术的得分远高于跪撑摔技术。虽然站立摔得分高于跪撑摔，但是在单项动作技术得分中，跪撑摔技术中的滚桥摔是得分最高的技术。建议：1）因为古典跤采用新规则后站立摔技术得分远高于跪撑摔技术得分，所以这两个级别的运动员在日常训练中要加强对站立摔技术的训练和使用，并选择大分值动作作为自己的绝招加以练习。2）虽然在新规则中取消了30s的强制跪撑，但是增加消极判罚后，反而增加了滚桥技术的得分和使用次数，所以要加强对滚桥防守的训练。  相似文献   

我国城市家庭体育教育的阶层分化——以上海城市居民为例     

王燕  何平香 《北京体育大学学报》2016,39(12):88-92+98

摘要：为了解现阶段我国家庭教育模式的转换，以及参与家庭体育教育群体的社会阶层结构，采用问卷调查和数理分析的研究方法，通过选取上海城市居民家庭体育教育投入和家庭体育教育理念这两个独特的研究视角来观察我国正处于成型过程中的社会阶层结构，为我国家庭体育教育的发展提供思路。研究发现我国的体育教育分层在城市家庭中正在悄悄发生。中国传统社会形成的惯例是通过文化教育的投入来实现其低阶层向高阶层的跃进，而我国当前社会所发生的城市家庭教育事实却在此基础上有了新的发展。家庭体育教育的投入逐渐为越来越多的城市家庭所重视，并且在家庭教育投入上，中上阶层比社会底层的家庭更愿意选择高级别的体育活动和体育培训；在家庭体育教育理念上，中上阶层的家庭更愿意选择体育的协作手段来促进子女的社会化和引导子女高尚的行为方式。  相似文献   

民办高校转型期英语专业基础英语课堂重构研究与实践     

王敬策 《佳木斯教育学院学报》2015,(4):152

本文以赋权增能的教学理念为指导,重构基础英语课堂教学模式,此教学模式是以课堂活动为依托,最大程度的实现实践教学,从而达到对学生应用能力培养的教学目标。  相似文献   

‘Operating on a Basis of Student Consent’: Peter Medway’s Work in Finding a Language     

Tony Burgess 《Changing English: An International Journal of English Teaching》2015,22(3):265-268

Written nearly 40 years ago, Peter Medway’s Finding a Language continues to be an arresting read, which offers a powerful vision of what might be possible in education. In this brief introduction, I set the work in context, referring to ideas that Pete engaged with and recalling a little of the times.  相似文献   

建国前中国共产党资本主义观的回顾与思考     

徐凤月  刘英英 《哈尔滨学院学报》2011,32(12):26-32

1919年五四爱国运动爆发，中国开启了新民主主义革命的进程。然而与一般的资本主义国家不同，在半殖民地半封建社会时期。中国的资本主义和资产阶级有着很大的特殊性。作为代表中国最广大人民根本利益的中国共产党从1921年成立到1949年新中国建立这近三十年的时间内，不可避免地与资本主义及其资产阶级发生了千丝万缕的关系，并在不同历史阶段采取了不同的策略。总结党在这一时期的历史经验对当下中国经济社会发展仍然有很大启示和教育意义。  相似文献   

职校班主任职业倦怠成因及对策     

姜慈龙  蒋宏达 《职业技术教育》2006,27(14):101-103

职校班主任目前面临的压力非常大，是职业倦怠的高发人群。本文在学校管理实践的基础上，提出解决职校班主任职业倦怠的相关策略，即创建良好的人文环境，体现更多的人文关怀；进行工作环境的结构性调整，给班主任“减负”；重视班主任自我发展需要。追求人生的自我价值实现；加强班主任的心理健康教育与培训。  相似文献   

智能云教学在高职英语中的应用研究     

徐学敏 《连云港职业技术学院学报》2019,(2):84-88

智能云教学是一种融入人工智能、基于云计算技术所开展的教学活动。智能云教学活动包括教学工具、教学内容、教学管理、教学监督与教学评价的全面云技术化和大数据化。从高职英语传统教学模式的痛点出发,分析了智能云教学给高职英语教学带来的契机,通过依托蓝墨云班课的教学实践,充分体现了"学生主体,教师主导"的教学理念,有效激发了学生的英语学习热情,帮助知识的内化和传递,提高了大学生的英语语言应用能力,促进了教师的职业发展。  相似文献