Load reduction instruction: Exploring a framework that assesses explicit instruction through to independent learning     

《Teaching and Teacher Education》2018

Load reduction instruction (LRI) is an instructional approach aimed at managing the cognitive burden on students in the initial stages of learning; then, as fluency and automaticity develop, students are encouraged to engage in guided independent learning. LRI comprises five factors: difficulty reduction, support and scaffolding, practice, feedback, and guided independence. This study examined an instrument (the Load Reduction Instruction Scale, LRIS) aimed at assessing these five factors. Among a sample of high school students from 40 classrooms, findings supported the validity of the LRIS, the conceptualising underpinning it, and its potential to guide instructional practice.  相似文献   

A cloud computing adoption in Indian SMEs: Scale development and validation approach     

Pragati Priyadarshinee  Rakesh D. Raut  Manoj Kumar Jha  Sachin S. Kamble 《The Journal of High Technology Management Research》2017,28(2):221-245

The purpose of this research article is to identify the critical success criteria/factors that affect the cloud computing adoption and examine structure, reliability and validity of the criteria in the SMEs industry. This study considers nine types of criteria/factors with fifty-one sub-criteria, which have somewhat previously been used, and creates a ranking model that offers decision makers to measure the prior implementation of cloud computing adoption. A questionnaire-based survey research was used to collect data from 110 firms belonging to the SMEs industry in India. In this paper, the data collected was analysed by an integrated approach. Firstly, an Analytic Hierarchy Process approach was applied to find the significant fact of each criterion as the assessable indices of the cloud computing adoption. Secondly, an Exploratory Factor Analysis and Confirmatory Factor Analysis were used to examine structure, reliability and validity of the criteria. The data was tabulated in a Microsoft Excel sheet and then imported in SPSS (Statistical Package for the Social Sciences version 20) for analysis. The findings discovered that ‘Security and Privacy’, ‘Organizational Risk’, ‘Sharing and Collaboration’, ‘Confidentiality’, and ‘Integrity’ have a major effect on the adoption of cloud computing. The research was conducted in the SMEs industry in India, which may limit the generalizability of the findings. The findings and recommendations offer cloud computing service providers as well as users with a better understanding of what affects the cloud computing adoption feature, with a relevant understanding of the current scenario. The research aided in the application of the new technology of cloud computing adoption in the SMEs industry in India through the use of a wide range of criteria. The findings also help organizations study their information technology investments when applying cloud computing.  相似文献   

Evaluating R&D investment efficiency in China's high-tech industry     

Chunjia Han  Stephen Rhys Thomas  Mu Yang  Petros Ieromonachou  Hongru Zhang 《The Journal of High Technology Management Research》2017,28(1):93-109

Research and development (R&D) investment activity plays a crucial role in developing high-tech industries. In recent decades, China has made sustained investments in its domestic high-tech industries, with the goal of increasing their productivity. This paper investigates the effect of this investment on relative R&D efficiency across China's high-tech sectors. Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) was used to generate quantitative indices for sector comparisons. The analysis of this study indicates that overall R&D investment efficiency did not increase from 1998 to 2009, despite R&D expenditure increasing by 2188%. Over the same period, most sectors suffered from decreasing returns to scale (DRS), presumably also reflecting the inefficient R&D investment. Most of the sectors showed significant fluctuation on R&D investment efficiency. This research result indicates that the problem of China's high-tech industry may be from the inefficiency of its technology commercialization processes, and therefore represents a critical parameter for policy makers and managers.  相似文献   

浅析荷恩等级理论的局限性     

王娴贤 《阜阳师范学院学报(社会科学版)》2009,(4):55-57

作为新格莱斯会话含义理论的重要推理契机和出发点,荷恩等级的建立有一定的科学性和规律性。然而困脱离语境,忽视认知结构和诸多社会变量的影响,荷恩等级理论在语言使用中有其局限性。本文拟对列文森所提出来的荷恩等级关系作一些理论上的探讨,指出荷恩等级理论的一些不足之处。  相似文献   

The effects of outcome imagery on golf-putting performance     

J.A. Taylor  D.F. Shaw 《Journal of sports sciences》2013,31(8):607-613

The aim of this study was to determine the effects of positive and negative outcome imagery on golf-putting performance. Players of both high and low ability performed a golf-putting task in three imagery conditions: (a) a positive outcome imagery condition, (b) a negative outcome imagery condition and (c) a no-imagery control condition. The task was conducted in a competitive setting, reducing the possibility of demand characteristics. We found that negative outcome imagery was detrimental to putting performance; however, performance in the positive outcome imagery condition was no better than performance in the control condition. There was also evidence to suggest that outcome imagery operated through the mechanism of confidence, as negative outcome imagery was detrimental to both confidence and performance. The results of the present study suggest that golfers should avoid visualizing negative images, as this could damage both confidence and performance.  相似文献   

基于三阶段DEA的中国区域二氧化碳排放绩效评价研究   总被引：5，自引：2，他引：3  

华坚  任俊  徐敏  Eric Fong 《资源科学》2013,35(7):1447-1454

要在促进社会经济发展的同时减少二氧化碳排放量,关键在于提高二氧化碳排放绩效.客观正确地评估中国各省份经济发展过程中的二氧化碳排放绩效具有重要现实意义.文章从效率的角度,界定二氧化碳排放绩效的概念,将二氧化碳排放作为非期望产出纳入全要素研究框架,探索性地利用三阶段DEA方法和线性数据转换函数法来评价中国省际区域的二氧化碳排放绩效,剔除了环境变量和随机误差对结果的影响,为真实测度二氧化碳排放绩效提供了可行的方法.结果表明,传统DEA测度的二氧化碳排放平均技术效率和纯技术效率被低估,而平均规模效率被高估;中国区域间二氧化碳排放绩效发展显著不平衡,呈现出“东＞西＞中”的格局,与传统的经济格局存在一定出入.  相似文献   

Can we measure practical wisdom?     

Jason Swartwood 《Journal of moral education》2020,49(1):71-97

ABSTRACT

Wisdom, long a topic of interest to moral philosophers, is increasingly the focus of social science research. Philosophers have historically been concerned to develop a rationally defensible account of the nature of wisdom and its role in the moral life, often inspired in various ways by virtue theoretical accounts of practical wisdom (phronesis). Wisdom scientists seek to, among other things, define wisdom and its components so that we can measure them. Are the measures used by wisdom scientists actually measuring what philosophers have in mind when they discuss practical wisdom? I argue that they are not. Contemporary measures of wisdom and its components may pick out some necessary prerequisites of practical wisdom, but they do not measure a philosophically plausible practical wisdom or its components. After explaining the argument and defending it against objections, I consider its implications. Should wisdom scientists ignore the philosophical conception of practical wisdom in favor of other conceptions, revise their methods to try to measure it, or continue the interdisciplinary study of practical wisdom without expecting to measure it? I make a preliminary argument for the third option.  相似文献   

智能学习环境中主体需求冲突及其平衡研究     

逯行  沈阳  徐晶晶  曾海军 《现代远程教育研究》2020,(1):51-60

学习环境承载着学习和学习者需求的表达。学习环境的设计需要在终端用户(学生)和社会利益之间、在传统和创新之间不断平衡。当前以传统学校为代表的学习环境设计忽视终端用户和个体用户的主观需求,过于重视社会效益等客观需求。未来教育的实现和发展需要依托创新型学习环境设计的理论与实践进步。基于智能技术支持,以学习环境重构为引领的学校变革是未来学校发展的必然方向。通过在学习环境中融入适切性智能技术能够平衡学习环境中的人类需求冲突。智能学习环境的需求平衡模型是智能学习环境设计的重要组成部分,包含两个部分:(1)智能学习环境需求平衡解析模型——解析智能技术与学习环境内需求冲突之间的主体关系;(2)需求平衡关注度计算模型——计算学习环境的需求平衡程度,以及智能技术干预之后的学习环境的平衡结果。虽然该模型尚属于“概念型公式”,还需要进一步完善,但其提出为智能时代的学习环境设计,以及学习环境中需求冲突的测量和解决提供了理论指导。  相似文献   

流媒体技术在教学课件点播中的应用     

雒伟群 《雁北师范学院学报》2004,20(5):97-99

网上课程点播是网络教育颇具魅力的特色之一.本文介绍了网络流媒体技术的定义、基本原理,并提 出了制作多媒体点播课件的方法.  相似文献   

我国自主创新区域间供求的不均衡及解决模式——基于产学研合作的视角     

李强 《宁波广播电视大学学报》2012,(4):14-19

中国各地区经济发展阶段的差异导致对自主创新需求与地区科教资源供给之间不平衡,即一部分地区表现出自主创新所需的科教资源相对丰富,但是经济发展阶段还处于制造业投资扩张阶段,对创新需求相对不足;另一部分地区自主创新所需的科教资源相对缺乏,但经济发展对自主创新需求巨大。为了解决我国自主创新这种不均衡提出了三个模式:基础知识扩散模式;知识直接投资模式(Knowledge Direct Investment,KDI);国内直接投资模式(DDI)。  相似文献