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Scholars and practitioners have often conceptualized hazards as external to discursive processes, focusing instead on the role of strategic communication in representing pre-organized vulnerabilities to stakeholders rather than on the capacity of mundane discourse practices to shape how hazards emerge. In this study of risk discourse in one high reliability organization, a municipal fire department, we demonstrate how hazard appraisals emerged as intersubjective products of organizational discourse. Specifically, we explore how the interpretive repertoires firefighters used to make sense of hazards were medium and outcome of discursive identity formations. Firefighters employed preferred identity terms to amplify identity-enhancing dangers and attenuate vulnerabilities that were threatening to a preferred sense of self. 相似文献
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Christian Gouët Annemarie Van Paassen 《The Journal of Agricultural Education and Extension》2013,19(4):369-385
Abstract Purpose: This article explores the views of Smallholder Marketing Cooperatives’ (SMCs) leaders and staff, to gain insight about the particular roles SMCs play in facilitating smallholders’ market access. Design/methodology/approach: The authors conceptualized and executed two international workshops in which participants from 42 SMCs from 24 countries deliberated their lessons learned from real-life experiences. Findings: Participants defined three core issues to be tackled by SMCs to play their role related to facilitating their members’ market access: good FO governance and management; access to capital and networking. They highlighted that smallholders’ market access improves not only as a result of SMCs networking and negotiation with key actors in the public and private sectors, but also due to improved interrelationships among SMCs and other types of Farmers’ Organizations (FOs). Peer-to-peer relationships with other SMCs are critical for mutual learning, collaboration and collective action. Practical implications: Peer-to-peer relationships among SMCs are crucial for them to overcome the internal and external social dilemmas SMCs are bound to face while improving smallholders’ market access. This goes beyond the three kinds of relationships that scholars have pointed out thus far needed for effective FO development (relationships with members; the public sector and civil society; and with market players). This can be promoted and supported by development programmes. Originality/value: Most SMC studies concentrate primarily on their efficiency in production and marketing activities. This research proposes looking beyond this perspective, using a qualitative approach to explore the real-life experiences and views of actors involved. 相似文献
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郭腾文 《湖南广播电视大学学报》2013,(1):61-65
随着信息技术的高度发展和网络应用的普及,以《罗马公约》为蓝本的我国现行《著作权法》已表现出明显的滞后性,新的问题不断出现。世界知识产权组织出台了《保护广播组织条约(草案)》,虽然最终未能通过,但它体现出了当今关于广播组织权保护的国际趋势。我国可以此为借鉴,密切关注关于广播组织权的最新国际动向,结合国情对现行《著作权法》进行完善,保护广播组织的合法权利的同时兼顾公众利益,促进广播事业的规范和发展。 相似文献
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Sarah E. Dempsey 《传播与批判/文化研究》2013,10(4):328-345
In this article, I develop a critical perspective on the communicative labor of nongovernmental organizations (NGOs), and on the omissions and silences created by a spatial, moralizing grassroots discourse. My qualitative case study of an environmental justice NGO provides a view into the daily practices of communicative labor, including critical processes of formation. In highlighting how members actively produce and mobilize images of a grassroots constituency, I challenge the tendency to treat NGOs as authentic representatives of already-formed constituencies. 相似文献
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International student assessments have become the ‘lifeblood’ of the accountability movement in educational policy contexts. Drawing upon Stuart Hall’s concept of representation, I critically examined who comprises epistemic communities responsible for developing the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development’s Assessment of Higher Education Learning Outcomes economics strand. Through my analysis, I identify homogeneity among test-makers, missing voices, and western concepts as represented ideas that become fixed and circulated through policy channels. In an era of accountability and comparison, comparative international student assessments are becoming increasingly normative in educational settings. As scholars, policymakers, and educators use these test results, we must critically examine who is responsible for producing these tests. 相似文献
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对20世纪美国社会的稳定和发展而言，美国现代公益基金会扮演着重要角色。本文从美国现代基金会发挥的社会功能出发，通过对基全会的行业组织和主管部门的考察．探讨现代基金会与美国政府的关系，从而呈现出美国政府如何对基金会进行有效的管理。通过这三方面的考察。揭示了美国政府的政策和治理方式对美国现代基金会的发展的巨大影响，对于一些发展中国家日益发展的慈善事业的规范和管理具有理论价值争现实意义。 相似文献
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高校教学管理部门承担着管理育人和服务育人的任务。本研究使用分层抽样方法,在本科生中调查了教学管理部门服务型党组织建设的成效;对主观题答案的文本分析显示出,未来服务型党组织建设应该从强化服务意识、搭建服务平台、提高服务能力、完善服务机制四个方面努力,此外还需要加强服务宣传。 相似文献