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41.
Abstract

The purpose of this study was to analyze the specific training load during a resistance training (RT) programme designed to increase muscular hypertrophy in men and women. Thirty-four women (22.7 ± 4.1 years, 58.8 ± 11.9 kg, 162.6 ± 6.2 cm and 22.1 ± 3.6 kg.m?2) and 30 men (22.7 ± 4.4 years, 68.4 ± 9.0 kg, 174.5 ± 6.6 cm and 22.5 ± 2.4 kg.m?2) underwent a supervised RT programme that was divided into two phases of 8 weeks each. Training consisted of 10–12 exercises performed with three sets of 8–12 repetitions at repetition maximum resistances performed 3 times per week on nonconsecutive days. There was a significant (P < 0.05) main effect for gender by time interaction for average training load of all the exercises performed in the first 8 weeks of RT with women showing a higher relative increase than men (+43.6% vs. +32.5%, respectively). This result was not observed during the second 8-week phase of the RT programme during which no significant gender by time interaction (P > 0.05) was shown with both genders having a similar relative increase (+28.7% vs. +24.3%, respectively). Women had a higher increase than men in specific average training load of the upper limb exercises during both the first 8 weeks of training (+30.2% vs. +26.6%, respectively) and the second 8 weeks of training (+31.1% vs. +25.3%, respectively). We conclude that the adaptation in specific training load is influenced by gender.  相似文献   
42.
针对粒子群优化算法的早熟收敛和进化后期收敛速度慢等问题,提出了权均值粒子群优化算法。通过在“认知”部分和“社会”部分加入随机权值更新粒子的飞行速度,使粒子能够很快地收敛到全局最优点。典型函数的仿真结果表明,该算法不仅具有较好的全局收敛性能和较快的收敛速度,而且有效地避免了早熟收敛问题。  相似文献   
43.
中国式“不差钱”与中国式“钱荒”之悖论   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
最近中国式"钱荒"和前期中国式"不差钱"形成了强烈反差,并引发了全世界的关注。文章分析了对于"钱荒"目前盛行的5种假说:国际阴谋说、季节波动说、央行自制说、影子银行说和地方债务说,并从效度、信度和认知度3个维度对各种诱因进行测度评估,然后分析了中国与西方政治体制和财政体制的不同,预测了各种调控手段对未来中国经济可能造成的影响,最后得出央行应借机降低存款准备金率的建议!  相似文献   
44.
试论高校图书馆外文期刊利用率低的原因和对策   总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4  
高校图书馆外文期刊利用率低的原因主要是:外文期刊订购经费不足:外文期刊管理工作人员素质待提高;外文期刊宣传工作做得不够;外文期刊订购传统化、单一化。针对以上情况,提出了提高外文期刊利用率的对策。  相似文献   
45.
引文分析是指采用各种数理统计和逻辑方法对文献的引用频率、模式和图像进行计量研究。该文综述2009年以来国外在引文分析的基础理论、研究方法、研究前沿探测应用、引文指标四个方面的研究进展。  相似文献   
46.
《Communication monographs》2012,79(2):185-211
The current study employed a confirmation perspective to assess individuals’ perceptions of weight management messages. Confirmation was conceptualized as being comprised of two components: acceptance and challenge. Building on the main theoretical premise that messages higher in acceptance and challenge would be perceived as more effective in promoting healthy behaviors than messages lower in these components, we assessed how the relationships between the two components and message effectiveness varied by individuals’ characteristics. Specifically, we examined body self-esteem, readiness to change, weight locus of control, motivations for weight management, and communication satisfaction with weight management conversations as potential moderators. Results indicated that, as hypothesized, messages higher in acceptance and messages higher in challenge were perceived as more effective. In addition, body self-esteem, certain stages of readiness to change, and communication satisfaction interacted with acceptance to predict effectiveness, and internal locus of control and appearance and strength motives interacted with challenge to predict effectiveness. These results, in combination, suggest that although messages high in either component of confirmation were perceived as generally effective in motivating healthy behaviors, optimal levels of acceptance and challenge may vary by certain individual and relational characteristics. Practical and theoretical implications are discussed.  相似文献   
47.
近年来我国高等院校存在的专利申请和授权数量增长迅猛,但专利转化率较低,本文从政府、高校、企业、市场等多角度出发,综合分析高校专利转化率偏低的原因,进而提出提高高校专利转化率的对策和建议。  相似文献   
48.
This paper investigates two relatively new measures of retrieval effectiveness in relation to the problem of incomplete relevance data. The measures, Bpref and RankEff, which do not take into account documents that have not been relevance judged, are compared theoretically and experimentally. The experimental comparisons involve a third measure, the well-known mean uninterpolated average precision. The results indicate that RankEff is the most stable of the three measures when the amount of relevance data is reduced, with respect to system ranking and absolute values. In addition, RankEff has the lowest error-rate.  相似文献   
49.
RSS: A framework enabling ranked search on the semantic web   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
The semantic web not only contains resources but also includes the heterogeneous relationships among them, which is sharply distinguished from the current web. As the growth of the semantic web, specialized search techniques are of significance. In this paper, we present RSS—a framework for enabling ranked semantic search on the semantic web. In this framework, the heterogeneity of relationships is fully exploited to determine the global importance of resources. In addition, the search results can be greatly expanded with entities most semantically related to the query, thus able to provide users with properly ordered semantic search results by combining global ranking values and the relevance between the resources and the query. The proposed semantic search model which supports inference is very different from traditional keyword-based search methods. Moreover, RSS also distinguishes from many current methods of accessing the semantic web data in that it applies novel ranking strategies to prevent returning search results in disorder. The experimental results show that the framework is feasible and can produce better ordering of semantic search results than directly applying the standard PageRank algorithm on the semantic web.  相似文献   
50.
辐射缝隙导纳及波导导内波长的频率特性,是影响裂缝天线带宽的主要因素。本文以改善这两个参数的频率特性为出发点,提出了一种展宽波导裂缝天线带宽的新方法,即用脊波导代替矩形波导作为辐射波导。仿真分析表明脊波导裂缝阵列的带宽有较大的改善,这与理论分析的结果是一致的。本文的研究成果为展宽波导裂缝天线的带宽提供了一个新的思路。  相似文献   
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