类脑智能研究现状与发展思考   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1       下载免费PDF全文

徐波  刘成林  曾毅 《中国科学院院刊》2016,31(7):793-802

近年来人工智能研究的许多重要进展反映了一个趋势:来自脑科学的启发,即使是局部的借鉴都能够有效地提升现有人工智能模型与系统的智能水平。然而,想要真正逼近乃至超越人类水平的人工智能,还需要对脑信息处理机制更为深入的研究和借鉴。类脑智能研究的目标就是通过借鉴脑神经结构及信息处理机制,实现机制类脑、行为类人的下一代人工智能系统。文章从受脑启发的新一代人工神经网络、基于记忆、注意和推理的认知功能模型、基于生物脉冲神经网络的多脑区协同认知计算模型等角度,并结合研究团队在类脑智能领域的研究进展,论述类脑智能的研究进展、发展方向和对未来发展的思考。  相似文献   

句型转换的机器翻译理论模型与一些处理方法   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

杨宪泽  雷开彬 《科技通报》2007,23(2):253-257

自动分词和译文生成处理是混合式汉英机器翻译的两个重要阶段。本文主要工作有：第一，讨论了机器翻译的理论模型；第二，给出了一个自动分词算法，提出了一个初步消歧方法；第三，建立汉英机器翻译的时态转换及相关匹配规则。  相似文献   

A citation-based document retrieval system for finding research expertise     

Quan Thanh Tho  S.C. Hui  A.C.M. Fong 《Information processing & management》2007

Current citation-based document retrieval systems generally offer only limited search facilities, such as author search. In order to facilitate more advanced search functions, we have developed a significantly improved system that employs two novel techniques: Context-based Cluster Analysis (CCA) and Context-based Ontology Generation frAmework (COGA). CCA aims to extract relevant information from clusters originally obtained from disparate clustering methods by building relationships between them. The built relationships are then represented as formal context using the Formal Concept Analysis (FCA) technique. COGA aims to generate ontology from clusters relationship built by CCA. By combining these two techniques, we are able to perform ontology learning from a citation database using clustering results. We have implemented the improved system and have demonstrated its use for finding research domain expertise. We have also conducted performance evaluation on the system and the results are encouraging.  相似文献   

发现抑或人工生成:科学实验与规律的双重关系          下载免费PDF全文

罗天强  殷正坤 《科学学研究》2016,34(9):1287-1293

自然规律是随着宇宙的演化而自然生成的,而人类能够通过自己的实践活动实现新规律的人工生成。科学实验作为科学研究的重要基础和手段,人们能够通过纯化简化实验发现自然界原本存在的自然规律,也能够通过强化激化及特殊实验和技术科学实验人工生成自然界原本不存在的新规律。人工生成新规律,改变了人与规律关系的传统认识,并使人们充分认识到在科学研究和技术开发活动中,设定新技术目标、加强实验仪器和设备的研制、加强稀有资源的研究开发与保护、加强技术科学研究等具有特别重要的意义。  相似文献   

Ethics and Artificial life: From Modeling to Moral Agents     

John?P.?SullinsEmail author 《Ethics and Information Technology》2005,7(3):139-148

Artificial Life (ALife) has two goals. One attempts to describe fundamental qualities of living systems through agent based computer models. And the second studies whether or not we can artificially create living things in computational mediums that can be realized either, virtually in software, or through biotechnology. The study of ALife has recently branched into two further subdivisions, one is “dry” ALife, which is the study of living systems “in silico” through the use of computer simulations, and the other is “wet” ALife that uses biological material to realize what has only been simulated on computers, effectively wet ALife uses biological material as a kind of computer. This is challenging to the field of computer ethics as it points towards a future in which computer and bioethics might have shared concerns. The emerging studies into wet ALife are likely to provide strong empirical evidence for ALife’s most challenging hypothesis: that life is a certain set of computable functions that can be duplicated in any medium. I believe this will propel ALife into the midst of the mother of all cultural battles that has been gathering around the emergence of biotechnology. Philosophers need to pay close attention to this debate and can serve a vital role in clarifying and resolving the dispute. But even if ALife is merely a computer modeling technique that sheds light on living systems, it still has a number of significant ethical implications such as its use in the modeling of moral and ethical systems, as well as in the creation of artificial moral agents.  相似文献   

基于社会交换理论的新生代员工工作承诺影响机制研究     

阎亮 《软科学》2016,(7)

构建新生代员工的工作承诺模型并着重讨论各维度之间的影响关系。基于多组织268份研究样本,使用结构方程模型进行实证研究发现,工作承诺各维度间影响以工作伦理和目标承诺为驱动力,以工作卷入和职业承诺为中间变量,最终影响主管承诺和组织承诺。研究揭示出新生代员工工作承诺的复杂性和结构性特征与承诺之间的相互影响关系,对人力资源管理实践有重要的借鉴作用。  相似文献   

高新技术项目投资风险的人工神经网络综合评价模型   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

楼文高 《技术与创新管理》2005,26(3):8-11

高新技术项目投资具有高风险、高收益等特点，科学准确的风险评价对项目投资至关重要。在分析高新技术项目投资风险影响因素的基础上，并根据投资风险分级标准，建立了高新技术项目投资风险进行综合评价的人工神经网络模型，能有效地避免层次分析等传统评价过程中的人为影响。仿真实验表明，采用该方法能获得令人满意的结果。  相似文献   

吲哚美辛栓剂用于人工流产200例分析     

赵虹 《科技通报》1997,13(2):130-132

采用吲哚美辛栓剂肛塞用于人工流产前孕妇２００例，观察到可以明显减少流产时各种症状的发生，减轻术中疼痛．与未用药组１００例进行对比分析，Ｐ＜０．０１．不良反应少．并对使用该药的优点进行初步探讨  相似文献   

基于RTL行为模型的测试产生及时延测试方法(英)     

李华伟  李忠诚 《中国科学院研究生院学报》2002,(2)

寄存器传输级(RTL)测试产生及时延测试是当今集成电路(IC)测试技术中亟待解决的问题和研究的热点.首先从IC逻辑测试的测试产生和IC时延测试方法这两个方面系统地综述了测试产生和时延测试领域迄今为止的主要研究成果.在RTL行为描述的测试产生方面,提出了新的RTL行为模型的描述方法:行为阶段聚类描述,并提出了基于聚类的测试产生技术.将这些技术集成到RTL级ATPG系统ATCLUB中,在提高测试产生效率及缩短测试长度方面效果显著.在IC时延测试方面,提出了一种新的可变双观测点的时延测试方法。基于该方法提出了新的时延故障诊断方法,实现和完善了可变双观测点的时延测试系统DTwDO.DTwDO提供了从时延测试到故障诊断等一系列测试工具,有效减少了测试通路数,提高了故障覆盖率,并有很高的故障定位成功率.  相似文献   

The effects of integration and generation of immigrants on language and numeracy achievement     

Geert Driessen  Michael S. Merry 《Educational studies》2011,37(5):581-592

In many Western countries the pressure exerted on immigrants to integrate has become intense in recent years. Efforts to preserve their ethnic identity through multicultural recognition has now been replaced by the requirements of active civic participation and assimilation. Of course integration is considered important not only for the immigrant parents but also for their children. The central question in this article is whether there is a relationship between the degree of integration of the immigrant parents and the generation of their children on the one hand and the level of language and numeracy achievement of the children on the other. To answer this question we use data collected in 2008 from the Dutch COOL^5–18 cohort study. The information comes from more than 9000 immigrant and 16,000 indigenous children and their parents. The results show that as immigrant parents are better integrated and their children are of later generations, the language and numeracy skills of the children improve, though there remain large differences in achievement between different ethnic groups.  相似文献