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61.
“What is truth?” Pontius Pilot asked Jesus of Nazareth. For many educators today this question seems quaintly passé. Rejection of “truth” goes hand-in-hand with the rejection of epistemological realism. Educational thought over the last decade has instead been dominated by empiricist, anti-realist, instrumentalist epistemologies of two types: first by psychological constructivism and later by social constructivism. Social constructivism subsequently has been pressed to its logical conclusion in the form of relativistic multiculturalism. Proponents of both psychological constructivism and social constructivism value knowledge for its utility and eschew as irrelevant speculation any notion that knowledge is actually about reality. The arguments are largely grounded in the discourse of science and science education where science is “western” science; neither universal nor about what is really real. The authors defended the notion of science as universal in a previous article. The present purpose is to offer a commonsense argument in defense of critical realism as an epistemology and the epistemically distinguished position of science (rather than privileged) within a framework of epistemological pluralism. The paper begins with a brief cultural survey of events during the thirty-year period from 1960–1990 that brought many educators to break with epistemological realism and concludes with comments on the pedagogical importance of realism. Understanding the cultural milieu of the past forty years is critical to understanding why traditional philosophical attacks on social constructivist ideas have proved impotent defenders of scientific realism. 相似文献
62.
《Public Services Quarterly》2013,9(3):97-100
There are four basic issues to be resolved in any consideration of cultural diversity and library/information science education. An effective response to curriculum reform mandates the development of specific responses to each of these. 相似文献
63.
《Public Services Quarterly》2013,9(3):41-47
Academic libraries also have a responsibility to broaden resources and services as the student body itself becomes increasingly diverse. At Montclair State College there are procedures in place to ensure that the library provides the resources new curriculum initiatives require. These procedures are outlined in the context of two projects directly related to cultural diversity. 相似文献
64.
《Public Services Quarterly》2013,9(3):71-83
The impact of controversial subjects and information technology on research in academic libraries is the subject of this essay. The debates surrounding multiculturalism, problems encountered during information retrieval and instruction of patrons involved in scholarly pursuits illustrate the changes occurring in contemporary libraries. The article also discusses user perceptions of database structures, the importance of librarians remaming sensitive to the public, and confirms the need for service oriented professionals in academic libraries. 相似文献
65.
Susan Louise Stewart 《Children‘s Literature in Education》2008,39(2):95-105
The author analyzes two texts, Gloria Whelan’s Homeless Bird and Deborah Ellis’s Parvana’s Journey, in an attempt to explain some of the problems and difficulties associated with those texts. The author examines Whelan’s
representations of India and finds troubling binaries associated with that text. In comparison, the author finds Ellis’s depictions
of Afghanistan more nuanced and complex. The author also discusses student reception of both texts and offers ways to problematize
some of their reactions.
相似文献
| Susan Louise StewartEmail: |
66.
Pluralist societies face challenges developing diversity-related policies to integrate newcomers and facilitate harmonious relationships between ethnocultural minorities and majorities. The integration policies that governments implement have significant implications for intergroup relations in diverse societies. The current paper (i) discusses the characteristics of two integration policies, multiculturalism and interculturalism; (ii) examines how these integration policies have been studied within the psychological literature; and (iii) explores the policy implications of these concepts for intergroup relations research and psychosocial adaptation of immigrants. In addressing the above points, we have paid specific attention to multiculturalism in Canada and interculturalism in Europe and in Quebec, the French speaking region of Canada, which highlight the developing role pluralist integration strategies are playing in the social and policy debates surrounding integration, inclusion, and social cohesion. 相似文献
67.
Research on acculturation has documented that adaptation to a receiving society is affected by both the immigrants’ acculturation strategies and the dominant group's expectations about how immigrants should acculturate. However, the acculturation expectations have received relatively less attention from researchers, and support for multiculturalism has rarely been examined from the perspective of immigrants. The present study used the framework of the Mutual Intercultural Relations in Plural Societies (MIRIPS) project to investigate the acculturation experiences and intercultural relations in Hong Kong by incorporating mutual views of both the dominant and non-dominant groups. It also tested the mediating role of the dominant group's tolerance towards different cultural groups and the non-dominant group's perceived discrimination. Two community samples were recruited, including Hong Kong residents (N = 181) and immigrants from Mainland China (N = 182). Among Mainland immigrants, the integration strategy predicted both psychological adaptation and sociocultural adaptation. Multicultural ideology predicted psychological adaptation and played a significant role in intercultural contact with Hong Kong people through the mediation of lower perceived discrimination. Among Hong Kong residents, the integration expectation predicted psychological adaptation. Multicultural ideology indirectly affected intercultural contact with Mainland immigrants through the mediation of greater tolerance. These results suggest that the integration strategy and expectation are more important to intrapersonal functioning, whereas multicultural ideology may be more crucial in facilitating social interactions between members of the society of settlement and immigrants in culturally plural milieus. Future research should test the proposed models of dominant and non-dominant groups in other cultures. 相似文献
68.
Innovative work behavior is a key organizational competence. Informed by a framework for describing the role of cultural competences as an antecedent for international business performance this study seeks to explicate the connection between individual multiculturalism and innovative work behaviors, with cultural intelligence as a mediating variable. The empirical tests, using a culturally diverse sample of 157 employees of a large, international, Dutch-based staffing agency, reveal that cultural intelligence fully mediates the effect of multiculturalism on innovative work behaviors. The mediation appears robust to various individual and departmental characteristics. These outcomes have implications for the selection and development of employees in innovative organizations and for innovation and international business research. 相似文献
69.
《Int J Intercult Relat》2013,37(6):676-685
This article is a review of literature on multiculturalism in 35 years of publications in IJIR, spanning from the first issue of IJIR in 1977 to the current issue in May 2012. The review includes empirical and theoretical articles alone. Multiculturalism is discussed in light of demographic, policy, and psychological aspects. An inductive thematic analysis revealed four themes, namely, Multicultural Education, Attitudes toward Multiculturalism, Multicultural Interactions, and Multicultural Identity. Each of these themes is discussed, and the implications of the findings are explored. It is noted that policy and practice are yet to be refined to match the ideology of multiculturalism. 相似文献
70.
Serge Guimond Pierre De Oliveira Rodolphe Kamiesjki Jim Sidanius 《Int J Intercult Relat》2010,34(6):642
In exploring the “status boundary enforcement hypothesis,” Thomsen, Green and Sidanius (2008) theorized and confirmed that Social Dominance Orientation would be more strongly correlated with a general willingness to aggress against immigrants when respondents are primed with an immigrant who is eager to assimilate into the dominant culture than when they are primed with an immigrant who prefers cultural isolation (separation). However, because assimilation differs from separation on both the home culture component and the host culture component, the actual source of this effect remains unclear. By using an assimilation versus integration contrast that differ only on the home culture component, the present study confirmed and extended Thomsen et al.’s findings. We were able to conclude that this counter intuitive effect, at odds with most research in this area, is primarily driven by people with high SDO having more negative reactions to immigrants’ willing to abandon their original cultures rather than to immigrants wanting to maintain contact with the host culture. The theoretical implications of these findings are discussed. 相似文献