Christopher Winch on the Representational Theory of Language and its Pedagogic Relevance     

《Educational Philosophy and Theory》2013,45(1):35-50

This paper considers questions of continuity and change in education from the perspective of complexity theory, introducing the field to educationists who might not be familiar with it. Given a significant degree of complexity in a particular environment (or ‘dynamical system’), new properties and behaviours, which are not necessarily contained in the essence of the constituent elements or able to be predicted from a knowledge of initial conditions, will emerge. These concepts of emergent phenomena from a critical mass, associated with notions of lock‐in, path dependence, and inertial momentum, suggest that it is in the dynamic interactions and adaptive orientation of a system that new phenomena, new properties and behaviours, emerge. The focus thus shifts from a concern with decontextualised and universalised essence to contextualised and contingent complex wholes. This is where complexity theory seeks the levers of history. The paper posits the notion of inertial momentum as the conceptual link between the principle of emergent phenomena as developed principally in the natural sciences and the notion of socio‐historical change in human society. It is argued that educational and institutional change is less a consequence of effecting change in one particular factor or variable, and more a case of generating momentum in a new direction by attention to as many factors as possible. Complexity theory suggests, in other words, that what it might take to change a school's inertial momentum from an ethos of failure is massive and sustained intervention at every possible level until the phenomenon of learning excellence emerges from this new set of interactions among these new factors, and sustains itself autocatalytically. The paper concludes with a summary consideration of the conditions that contribute to the emergence of new properties and behaviours in a system.  相似文献   

语义与文体的交点——日语动词连用中顿形的使用动态分析     

黄文溥 《华侨大学学报(哲学社会科学版)》2010,(3):125-132

日语动词连用中顿形需要从语义与文体两个方面进行研究。从使用频率、结构和意义用法,对日本明治时代作家的文学作品中出现的连用中顿形使用状况进行统计分析,结果显示：（1）明治时代作家的作品在使用连用中顿形上形成一个在固定结构上使用频率由高到低、语义与结构受限制由大到小的梯度;（2）连用中顿形的使用存在着两种不同的使用原理——匀整性原理和多样化原理;（3）选择不同使用原理的动机在于追求不同的审美效果;（4）从语义与文体的交点对连用中顿形进行考察可以更好地把握语义的动态。  相似文献   

初现率标准上四项活动的中介语分析——对参加三项活动的两名参加者的例案研究     

滕锋 《海外英语》2010,(6)

该研究通过初现率标准一习得标准,从参加录音的三名学生的实证分析了二话习得者的三种语素的习得阶段.研究结果表明,对于英语学习者,语素的习得已有了"初现点"(Pienernann,1998),并且已进入了Pienemann所设定的习得阶段,但传统英语学生的教学方法却未能体现其阶段的要求.研究结果对于教师如何引导英语学习者从emergence(初现)到mastery(掌握)(Pienemann,1998)具有一定的指导意义.  相似文献   

桂意象人格象征的生成和发展     

董丽娜 《临沂师范学院学报》2005,27(5):59-62

桂花是我国的传统十大名花之一。像其他著名花卉一样,桂也经历了由外在形象审美到人格比德象征的提升发展过程。桂树的三个特点——丛生山林幽谷、秋芳冬荣、香味浓郁清芬,是构成桂人格象征的生物基础。与此相对应,道德品质的芳雅高洁,贤人幽隐避世和孤贞守正、耿介直节的品行,构成了桂的人格象征含义的三个主要方面。  相似文献   

试析满族冰嬉运动的兴起与发展   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

陆岚  陆雯 《沈阳体育学院学报》2005,24(4):124-125,128

通过文献综述法和专家访谈法,对我国满族冰嬉运动的历史发展进行了较为全面详细的论述,并对其兴盛、衰落的原因进行了分析。力图通过对冰嬉运动的挖掘和整理,为我国北方开展大众体育、积极推进全民健身计划提供有益的参考和借鉴。  相似文献   

日语存现句探析简     

王莉莉 《贵阳学院学报(社会科学版)》2014,(1):58-60

日语的存在句研究主要围绕“ある”、“い、る”、“ない、”等表示单纯存在的句子展开.汉语中则强调出现、存在、消失是一个连续的整体.日语中“存在”和“出现”不但语义是连续在一起的,而且他们具备同样的语法形式——“Xに（は）YがZ”,应该统合在“存现句”的框架中进行考察.  相似文献   

Practice and Group Learning     

Paul Hager 《Educational Philosophy and Theory》2014,46(6):584-599

Abstract

Although learning has always been a central topic for philosophy of education, little attention has been paid to the notion of group learning. This article outlines and discusses some plausible examples of group learning. Drawing on these examples, various principles and issues that surround the notion of group learning are identified and discussed. These principles and issues are then further elaborated in the context of a detailed discussion of practice theory and its relevance for thinking about group learning and group practice.  相似文献   

The end/s of education: complexity and the conundrum of the inclusive educational curriculum     

Deborah Osberg  Gert Biesta 《International Journal of Inclusive Education》2013,17(6):593-607

The conundrum of the inclusive educational curriculum is that the more inclusive a curriculum becomes in practice, the less inclusive it becomes in principle. In this paper we explain the conundrum and argue that its appearance is a product of what could be called ‘object‐based’ logic which is underpinned by a deterministic understanding of causality. As long as we employ object‐based logic to think about the curriculum, we cannot avoid asking what a curriculum is for. Whoever answers this question necessarily excludes other possibilities. We argue that a relational or ‘complex’ understanding of causality, which is shared by complexity theories, poststructural theories, deconstruction and Deweyan pragmatism, offers a way out of the conundrum by offering a different understanding of process and hence the guiding role of the curriculum in the educational process. In allowing the possibility of a guiding role for the curriculum, while dispensing with the need for a curricular ‘end’, complex logic can inform an understanding of curriculum which succeeds where humanistic education in its various forms has failed.  相似文献   

A failure trichotomy in knowledge exploration and exploitation     

Robin Gustafsson  Erkko Autio 《Research Policy》2011,40(6):819-831

In this article, we review current rationales for policy intervention in innovative activities. Focusing particularly on market and system failure rationales, we disentangle related underlying mechanisms for knowledge exploration and exploitation. We provide a novel contribution to the system failure literature by distinguishing between system-level inertia and inhibited emergence. Our conceptualization of inhibited emergence draws on literatures related to neo-institutional sociology, the social construction of technology, and on organizational cognition and learning literatures, and it presents elemental socio-cognitive mechanisms that influence and direct knowledge exploration and exploitation in innovation systems. We compare related, yet theoretically distinct concepts of market failure, system-level inertia, and inhibited emergence, and show how each addresses distinct coordinative mechanisms and field-level dynamics and related socio-cognitive processes.  相似文献   

城市休闲茶馆的涌现和功能——基于泰安TY茗茶馆的个案调查     

赵甜甜 《衡阳师范学院学报》2009,30(2)

文章主要是基于对山东省泰安市TY茗茶馆的调查.采用访谈方法,通过对价值取向、生活方式、茶馆功能、荼艺文化的考量,试图阐释休闲茶馆涌现的原因,同时分析了茶馆在促进休闲产业发展、人际交流、修身养性等方面的功能.  相似文献