脊柱转动电测试仪的研制和应用研究     

郭静如  洪友廉 《天津体育学院学报》1999,14(1):43-45

运用人机工程学原理设计了人体头颈和腰椎转动传感器,完成了脊柱转动辐度电测试仪的研制和标定。运用该仪器对青年组、老年组分别进行了头颈和腰左、右转动幅度的实测。研究结果得出,人体脊柱转动辐度与年龄呈密切负相关;运动可以改善老年人腰及头颈的柔韧性  相似文献   

大鼠骨骼肌模拟急性拉伤的生物力学实验研究   总被引：4，自引：1，他引：3  

周里  陆爱云 《体育科学》1999,19(6):59-65

根据现有肌肉急性拉伤动物模型中存在的问题,即:拉伤前肌肉的机能水平低,拉伤过程中肌肉为静息状态、拉伸速率慢、拉伸幅度大等,结合运动实践,复制了肌肉急性拉伤动物模型,并从生物力学角度进行了研究,其结果如下:1)肌肉在收缩状态下拉伤(离心工作),能够影响肌肉中肌纤维与肌鞘(结缔组织)受损比例,结缔组织受损明显增加。2)肌肉的拉伸速率快,为300％的肌纤维长度/s,明显优于其它学者的模型(6.8％～68％)肌纤维长度/s),更好地模拟运动实践中肌肉急性拉伤的状况(400％肌纤维长度/s)。3)肌肉拉伸时的幅度小,为其肌腹长度的24％,在肌肉正常生理运动范围之内;这样不仅符合运动实践中肌肉离心收缩幅度小的特点,而且在模型中也避免了肌肉邻近关节受损的可能性,从而提高了模型的质量。  相似文献   

篮球运动员弹跳力的生物力学分析   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

邓新民 《体育科技》1999,(Z1)

从生物力角度对篮球运动员弹跳的分类、起跳方式、起跳结构和速度进行了深入的理论分析,并指明了在训练中应注意的问题。  相似文献   

莘数理论(Ⅱ)     

孙桂秋 《湖南城市学院学报》1999,(6)

在率数理论（Ⅰ）的基础之上,对莘数范围内解方程的问题作了初步的探讨,使一些在经典数系中无解的方程得到了解  相似文献   

跆拳道运动员前横踢动作优势侧和非优势侧的生物力学偏侧性研究     

刘林  马勇  蔺世杰  彭骞  邓凌凌  熊俊  郑伟涛  贾孟尧 《武汉体育学院学报》2023,57(1):73-81

目的：探索跆拳道运动员前横踢动作下肢优势侧和非优势侧的运动生物力学特征差异性。方法：采用Vicon三维运动捕捉系统、Kistler三维测力台和Deado电子护具计分系统,采集13名跆拳道运动员前横踢动作下有效得分时髋、膝、踝关节的运动学和动力学数据,使用Visual3D软件对采集数据进行逆向运动学和动力学计算,并对结果采用配对样本T检验的方法进行差异性分析。结果：(1)进攻腿：髋关节屈曲力矩峰值、膝关节伸展力矩峰值优势侧大于非优势侧(p<0.05),膝关节屈曲最大角度优势侧大于非优势侧(p<0.01),髋关节伸展力矩峰值、外展最大角度非优势侧大于优势侧(p<0.01)。(2)支撑腿：髋关节屈曲幅度、屈曲功率峰值、外展功率峰值优势侧大于非优势侧(p<0.05),髋关节外展力矩峰值、膝关节伸展力矩峰值优势侧大于非优势侧(p<0.01),髋关节伸展角速度峰值、踝关节跖屈力矩峰值非优势侧大于优势侧(p<0.05),髋关节外展角速度峰值、膝关节屈曲力矩峰值、踝关节旋外角速度峰值非优势侧大于优势侧(p<0.01)。(3)进攻腿击打力度值及进攻腿和支撑腿垂直...  相似文献   

浅谈毽球脚攻球技术的训练方法     

雷东涛 《搏击·武术科学》2010,(1):59-61

文章通过对毽球脚攻球技术的运用、研究和探索,结合现代毽球运动中脚攻球的技术特点,介绍了毽球脚攻球技术的训练原则、训练步骤、训练方法等。毽球运动是具有鲜明特点的运动项目,因此,要根据它的自身特征来进行训练,而脚攻球技术是毽球运动中的重点和难点,教练员和运动员要着重进行局部训练,以提高运动员的竞技水平。  相似文献   

背向滑步和旋转式铅球投掷技术的运动生物力学研究     

周次保  刘怀金  张丽  李佳川  唐金根 《体育科技文献通报》2010,18(11):18-20

从运动学、动力学和肌肉生物力学等方面对比分析,旋转式铅球投掷技术相比背向滑步铅球投掷技术具备延长铅球预先加速工作距离,提高铅球加速动力,获得较高的出手速度等优势。通过对比分析发现旋转投掷技术动作对运动员身高、体重要求较低,可以弥补亚洲运动员身高、体重、力量方面不足,值得在教学和科研中研究,并在运动训练中加以实践。  相似文献   

跳远起跳技术的生物力学综述   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

伍勰  魏文仪 《体育科研》2005,26(4):57-61

跳远运动是传统的田径项目,有关对跳远起跳技术的生物力学机制及其专项评价指标一直是众多学者所关注的问题。在总结前人研究的基础上,对起跳动作的阶段划分及及主要的争论焦点——腾起速度与腾起叫的匹配关系等问题作一评述。  相似文献   

The role of path length- and speed-related factors for the enhancement of section performance in alpine giant slalom     

Jörg Spörri  Josef Kröll  Hermann Schwameder  Erich Müller 《European Journal of Sport Science》2018,18(7):911-919

Knowing how to enhance alpine skiing performance is essential for effective coaching. The purpose of this study was to explore the role of path length- and speed-related factors for performance enhancement, while skiing on a homogeneously set/constantly inclined giant slalom course section (average gate distance: 27?m; offset: 8?m; slope inclination: 26°). During a video-based three-dimensional kinematic field-experiment, the data of six athletes who skied a two-gate section on four different types of skis were collected. The performance parameter analysed was section time. The performance predictors analysed were centre of mass (CoM), path length and the change in specific mechanical energy per entrance speed along the analysed section. Furthermore, since the current study examined alpine skiing performance within short sections, the skier’s entrance speed was also considered. Classified as a high-performance and a low-performance group based on section time, slow and fast trials significantly differed in CoM path length, the change in specific mechanical energy per entrance speed and entrance speed. The entrance speed of all trials analysed ranged between 15.25 and 17.66?m/s. In trials with both high and low entrance speed, the change in specific mechanical energy per entrance speed was found to be more relevant for the prediction of section time than CoM path length. However, further studies should investigate whether such a prioritization can be unrestrictedly generalized to other situations, such as entrance speeds, course sets, slope inclinations and competition disciplines different to those assessed in the current study.  相似文献   

Three-dimensional assessment of squats and drop jumps using the Microsoft Xbox One Kinect: Reliability and validity     

Benjamin F. Mentiplay  Ksaniel Hasanki  Luke G. Perraton  Yong-Hao Pua  Paula C. Charlton  Ross A. Clark 《Journal of sports sciences》2018,36(19):2202-2209

The Microsoft Xbox One Kinect? (Kinect V2) contains a depth camera that can be used to manually identify anatomical landmark positions in three-dimensions independent of the standard skeletal tracking, and therefore has potential for low-cost, time-efficient three-dimensional movement analysis (3DMA). This study examined inter-session reliability and concurrent validity of the Kinect V2 for the assessment of coronal and sagittal plane kinematics for the trunk, hip and knee during single leg squats (SLS) and drop vertical jumps (DVJ). Thirty young, healthy participants (age = 23 ± 5yrs, male/female = 15/15) performed a SLS and DVJ protocol that was recorded concurrently by the Kinect V2 and 3DMA during two sessions, one week apart. The Kinect V2 demonstrated good to excellent reliability for all SLS and DVJ variables (ICC ≥ 0.73). Concurrent validity ranged from poor to excellent (ICC = 0.02 to 0.98) during the SLS task, although trunk, hip and knee flexion and two-dimensional measures of knee abduction and frontal plane projection angle all demonstrated good to excellent validity (ICC ≥ 0.80). Concurrent validity for the DVJ task was typically worse, with only two variables exceeding ICC = 0.75 (trunk and hip flexion). These findings indicate that the Kinect V2 may have potential for large-scale screening for ACL injury risk, however future prospective research is required.  相似文献