在生物类专业高等数学教学中增设遗传学计算例子的探索     

陈一帆  陈奇  李大林 《柳州职业技术学院学报》2014,(2):89-91

生物类专业的高等数学教材中,生物方面的例子几乎没有。本文研究在其中增设遗传学的计算例子,加强专业的针对性,提高学生学习高等数学的兴趣。根据高等数学的内容,增设了数列、极限、求导等方面的例子。寓生物于数学,方便老师在教学中运用。  相似文献   

SNP的检测方法及其在农作物遗传育种中的应用     

麻艳超  ;郭振清  ;周丽艳  ;陈普  ;陆鸣  ;东方阳  ;王建设 《河北职业技术师范学院学报》2014,(3):24-28

SNP（单核苷酸多态性）在生物基因组中具有数量多、分布广等特点,是目前广泛应用的第3代分子标记,在现代生物研究方面具有重要的应用价值。本研究综述了SNP的检测方法及其在农作物遗传育种中的应用。  相似文献   

Content and timing of feedback in a web-based learning environment: effects on learning as a function of prior knowledge     

Marieke H.S.B. Smits  Dominique M.A. Sluijsmans  Tamara van Gog 《Interactive Learning Environments》2013,21(2):183-193

This study investigated the effectiveness of different types of feedback content (elaborate versus global) and feedback timing (immediate versus delayed) for learning genetics in a web-based learning environment as a function of learners' prior knowledge. It was hypothesized that learning outcomes of students with low prior knowledge would be fostered by immediate elaborate feedback, whereas those of students with more prior knowledge would be enhanced by delayed global feedback. Students' perceptions of the feedback they received were explored. Results showed a significant positive effect of global feedback on learning outcomes for higher prior knowledge learners, although those who received elaborate feedback gave a higher appreciation rating. The findings are discussed in terms of implications for the design and delivery of feedback in web-based learning environments.  相似文献   

Mannose-binding lectin 2 gene polymorphism and susceptibility to upper respiratory tract infection among endurance athletes     

《European Journal of Sport Science》2013,13(6):586-591

Abstract

The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of mannose-binding lectin 2 (MBL2)-exon-1 gene polymorphisms on upper respiratory tract infection (URTI) incidence among endurance athletes. To this end, 100 healthy elite male athletes participating in the study were classified as either healthy or prone to frequent URTI. Blood samples, DNA isolation, multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and conventional PCR-RFLP were performed. Genomic DNA was extracted from peripheral leukocytes of whole blood samples using the QIAmp DNA Blood Mini Kit. For comparison of the distribution of genotypes between two groups and for estimating odds ratios (OR) for URTI susceptibility in relation to the MBL2-exon-1 polymorphism, Pearson's chi-square and logistic regression method were used, respectively. The MBL2-exon-1 genotype distribution differed between athletes with URTI and healthy athletes (χ² = 7.81, p = 0.02). The AO and AO + OO genotypes of MBL2 were observed at a greater frequency in the illness-prone group compared with the healthy group (34.04% vs. 11.32%). In conclusion, findings from this study have identified a potential role of genetic variation in influencing the risk for URTI in athletic populations and single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the MBL2-exon-1 genes were associated with an altered risk profile. These measures may have a predictive value in the identification of individuals who are more likely to experience recurrent infections when exposed to high physical stress in the areas of athletic endeavour.  相似文献   

Genetic influences of sports participation in Portuguese families     

《European Journal of Sport Science》2013,13(5):510-517

Abstract

To estimate familial aggregation and quantify the genetic and environmental contribution to the phenotypic variation on sports participation (SP) among Portuguese families. The sample consisted of 2375 nuclear families (parents and two offspring each) from different regions of Portugal with a total of 9500 subjects. SP assessment was based on a psychometrically established questionnaire. Phenotypes used were based on the participation in sports (yes/no), intensity of sport, weekly amount of time in SP and the proportion of the year in which a sport was regularly played. Familial correlations were calculated using family correlations (FCOR) in the SAGE software. Heritability was estimated using variance-components methods implemented in Sequential Oligogenic Linkage Analysis Routines (SOLAR) software. Subjects of the same generation tend to be more similar in their SP habits than the subjects of different generations. In all SP phenotypes studied, adjusted for the effects of multiple covariates, the proportion of phenotypic variance due to additive genetic factors ranged between 40% and 50%. The proportion of variance attributable to environmental factors ranged from 50% for the participation in sports to 60% for intensity of sport. In this large population-based family study, there was significant familial aggregation on SP. These results highlight that the variation on SP phenotypes have a significant genetic contribution although environmental factors are also important in the familial resemblance of SP.  相似文献   

PPARA intron 1 A/C polymorphism and elite athlete status     

《European Journal of Sport Science》2013,13(3):177-181

Abstract

Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha (PPARα) is involved in lipid and carbohydrate metabolism. The aim of this study was to test for a possible association between the PPARA intron 1 A/C polymorphism (rs135539) and the attainment of elite athlete status. In total, 155 Israeli athletes (119 males, 36 females) and 240 healthy controls (170 males, 70 females) participated in the study. The group of athletes consisted of endurance athletes (n=74) and sprinters (n=81). Genotyping was performed using PCR-RFLP on DNA from leucocytes. Results showed that genotype distribution and allele frequencies were similar (P=0.65 for genotypes and P=0.48 for allele frequency) for the endurance athletes (allele frequency A/C 0.7/0.3), sprinters (allele frequency A/C 0.66/0.34), and controls (allele frequency A/C 0.71/0.29). Furthermore, no significant differences were observed between the sub-groups of elite endurance athletes (those who had represented Israel in world track-and-field championships or in the Olympic Games) and national-level endurance athletes (P=0.44 for genotypes and P=0.96 for allele frequency), or between elite and national-level sprinters (P=0.57 for genotypes and P=0.40 for allele frequency). In conclusion, we observed no differences in genotype distribution or allele frequencies across PPARA intron 1 A/C polymorphism between endurance athletes, sprinters, and controls. Further research is needed in other ethnic groups to verify these results.  相似文献   

The AMPD1 C34T mutation is not associated with the status of Israeli athletes     

《European Journal of Sport Science》2013,13(3):244-248

Abstract

The adenosine monophosphate deaminase (AMPD1) gene seems to be an important regulator of skeletal muscle energy metabolism during exercise. A nonsense C34T mutation in the AMPD1 gene results in a premature stop codon, thus stopping protein synthesis. The aim of this study was to determine the AMPD1 C34T mutation frequency distribution among 155 Israeli athletes (endurance athletes, n=74; sprinters, n=81) and 142 healthy controls. Genotyping of the AMPD1 C34T (rs5810761) mutation was performed using polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Results showed that the genotype subtype did not differ by gender in the athletes (P=0.18) or the controls (P=0.79). The AMPD1 C34T genotype distribution was in line with Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium within all groups (P>0.05). The genotype distribution and allele frequencies were similar in the groups of endurance athletes, sprinters, and controls (P=0.455). Similarly, no significant differences were observed between the subgroups of elite endurance athletes and national endurance athletes (P=0.78), or between elite and national sprinters (P=0.46). In conclusion, the AMPD1 C34T mutation is not associated with endurance athletes’ status, at least in the present group of Israeli athletes. This suggests that elite athletic status can be achieved despite a partial deficiency in AMPD1, as marked by the AMPD1 CT genotype.  相似文献   

语言基因观-模因观共质下的外语教学     

罗迪江 《沈阳教育学院学报》2009,11(2):52-55

以语言基因观与语言模因观为基础对外语教学的本质进行了理论阐释：以语言基因观为经线,探讨外语教学背后所蕴藏的认知机制;以语言模因观为纬线,探讨外语教学是如何以模因形式进行复制与传播的功能机制。认为成功的外语教学是在语言基因观与模因观两个层面之间获取最佳的平衡点或融合点。  相似文献   

文化发生学视域下的遵义红色文化     

刘波亚  孙婷 《教育文化论坛》2015,(3)

红色文化的发生、发展,在较长时段的宏观历史叙事中被描述得相差无几。红色文化是在中国共产党领导下,我国人民在长期的战争和革命实践中形成的一种特殊文化类型,是中国共产党人把马克思主义基本原理与具体革命区域的社会经济文化相结合的产物。马克思主义和中国不同区域文化交互融合产生了不同形态的中国革命文化。由此,中国红色文化在不同地区呈现出不同形态,延安文化、遵义红色文化、井冈山文化等红色文化各有特点。本文为深化目前学界关于红色文化研究的方法和视角,以遵义红色文化为个案,探讨遵义红色文化的发生根源、发生基础、发展过程,考察遵义红色文化的发生学机制。  相似文献   

A comparison of genetic variants between proficient low- and high-risk sport participants     

Cynthia J. Thomson  Rebecca J. Power  Scott R. Carlson  Jim L. Rupert  Grégory Michel 《Journal of sports sciences》2015,33(18):1861-1870

Athletes participating in high-risk sports consistently report higher scores on sensation-seeking measures than do low-risk athletes or non-athletic controls. To determine whether genetic variants commonly associated with sensation seeking were over-represented in such athletes, proficient practitioners of high-risk (n = 141) and low-risk sports (n = 132) were compared for scores on sensation seeking and then genotyped at 33 polymorphic loci in 14 candidate genes. As expected, athletes participating in high-risk sports score higher on sensation seeking than did low-risk sport athletes (P < .01). Genotypes were associated with high-risk sport participation for two genes (stathmin, (P = .004) and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (P = .03)) as well as when demographically matched subsets of the sport cohorts were compared (P < .05); however, in all cases, associations did not survive correction for multiple testing.  相似文献