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中长跑运动员大强度训练前后免疫力变化的研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
何旅军 《吉林体育学院学报》2009,25(3):77-79
通过文献资料法、实验法、问卷调查法、比较分析法、数理统计等方法,探讨中长跑运动员大强度训练前后外周血中细胞及其分类和免疫球蛋白的变化特征,应根据变化特点科学的控制运动员的训练负荷。 相似文献
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This study examined the effect of autonomous motivational priming on motivation, attitudes and intentions towards high-intensity interval training (HIT). Participants (N = 42) performed a graded exercise test to determine their peak aerobic power (WPEAK). At a subsequent testing session, participants were randomised to complete either an autonomous or neutral motivational priming task followed by a 10 × 1 HIT exercise protocol, alternating 1-min bouts of hard (70% WPEAK) and light (12.5% WPEAK) exercises for 20 min. Participants primed with autonomous motivation reported greater enjoyment, P = .009, ηp2 = .16, and perceived competence, P = .005, ηp2 = .18, post-exercise compared to those in the neutral priming condition. Participants in the autonomous motivational priming condition also reported more positive attitudes, P = .014, ηp2 = .14, towards HIT; however, there was no difference between the conditions for task motivation during HIT or intentions, P = .53, ηp2 = .01, to engage in HIT. These findings highlight autonomous motivational priming as a method of enhancing affective and motivational experiences regarding HIT. 相似文献
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高强度人为扰动所带来的地表破碎化使得"同物异谱"和"异物同谱"现象特别严重,仅靠地物光谱特征统计提取土地利用信息存在明显缺陷与不足,探索符合特定区域的基于多元方法耦合的土地利用信息提取模型显得非常必要,可为复杂土地利用信息提取提供便捷通道.本文首先找出典型土地利用类型的光谱特征和归一化差异型指数变化规律,再运用交互式数据语言耦合光谱信息并建立决策函数,对1993年、2001年和2009年3期TM影像进行决策树分类,以自动提取三峡库区回水淹没与快速城市化重叠区这一高强度人为扰动复合区典型土地利用信息.结果表明:典型地类的波谱响应曲线和归一化差异型指数曲线分布形态符合于地表三大基本地类特征,以此验证了研究中所选取的三种指数的合理性和各地类样区选择的有效性;各地类在TM影像1、2、3波段上因光谱特征变化趋势无明显差异、相关性较强而不易于提取,3、4、5波段光谱特征因差异变化最大、所包含的土地利用信息最为丰富而更易于提取样区典型地类;三种指数及其差值组合指数的曲线分布形态及其值变化与研究区的实际地类变化较为吻合;多元方法耦合的决策树分类比监督分类方法在提取土地利用信息上具有更高的精度,在样区土地利用自动分类中是一种低成本、易实现和推广的有效方法,从1993年、2001年和2009年总体分类精度分别提高了18.46%、15.43%和24.18%.据此,基于多元方法耦合的决策树分类模型能为三峡库区人为扰动复合区土地利用信息提取提供一可操作途径,为整个三峡库区土地利用信息自动提取提供已有方法的整合思路. 相似文献
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目的:探讨高强度运动训练对Walker 256接种大鼠抗肿瘤的作用。方法:80只大鼠随机分为2组(n=40):运动训练组和非运动训练组。高强度运动训练8周后,运动训练组大鼠又分为两组(n=20):运动对照组和肿瘤种植运动组。非运动训练组大鼠又分为两组(n=20):静坐对照组和肿瘤种植静坐对照组。高强度平台运动训练课程持续10周,5d/W,30min/d,85%VO2max。观测血浆中多种酶、激素和细胞因子水平及淋巴细胞和巨噬细胞和Walk-er 256肿瘤细胞的葡萄糖和谷氨酰胺代谢酶、H2O2生成量、吞噬率和淋巴细胞增殖指数等指标。结果:高强度运动训练能够延长肿瘤接种大鼠的生存时间,降低肿瘤重量,阻止恶病质的发生;高强度运动能够抑制Walker 256肿瘤细胞接种大鼠淋巴细胞和巨噬细胞的葡萄糖和谷氨酰胺代谢酶的活性。结论:高强度运动训练可能是一种有效的潜在的抗肿瘤策略。 相似文献
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Flavio A. Cadegiani Claudio E. Kater Matheus Gazola 《Journal of sports sciences》2019,37(11):1296-1307
The metabolic and hormonal consequences of high-intensity functional training regimens such as CrossFit® (CF) are unclear. Little is known about the triggers and clinical and biochemical features of CF-related overtraining syndrome (OTS). The EROS study compared endocrine and metabolic responses, and eating, social, psychological and body characteristics of OTS-affected (OTS) and healthy athletes (ATL), and non-physically active controls (NPAC). The current study is a post-hoc analysis of the CF subgroups of the EROS study, to evaluate specific characteristics of CF in ATL and OTS. Parameters were overall and pairwise compared among OTS-affected (CF-OTS) and healthy (CF-ATL) athletes that exclusively practiced CF, and NPAC. CF-ATL yielded earlier and enhanced cortisol, GH, and prolactin responses to an insulin tolerance test (ITT), increased neutrophils, lower lactate, increased testosterone, improved sleep quality, better psychological performance, increased measured-to-predicted basal metabolic rate (BMR) ratio and fat oxidation, and better hydration, when compared to NPAC. Conversely, more than 90% of the adaptive changes in CF were lost under OTS, including an attenuation of the hormonal responses to an ITT, increased estradiol, decreased testosterone, and decreased BMR and fat oxidation; the most remarkable trigger of OTS among “HIFT athletes” was the long-term low carbohydrate and calorie intake. 相似文献
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Recently, there has been growing interest in high-intensity interval training (HIT) as a strategy to improve health. In this pilot study, we examined the feasibility of a 4-week low-volume HIT and its effects on cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF), blood pressure (BP) and enjoyment in overweight and obese youth. Twelve adolescents (body mass index (BMI): 34.8 ± 3.9 kg · m?2, 14.9 ± 1.5 years) participated in 12 sessions of HIT (10 × 60 s cycling bouts eliciting ~90% maximal heart rate, interspersed with 90 s recovery, 30 min/session, 3 sessions/week) over ~4 weeks. All the participants completed the study and exercise attendance averaged 92%. Despite no changes in body weight and total fat, HIT resulted in significant (P < 0.01) increases in CRF (pre: 20.1 versus post: 22.2 ml · kg?1 · min?1) and exercise time (pre: 425 versus post: 509 s) during peak oxygen uptake test, and a reduction in resting systolic BP (pre: 115.8 versus post: 107.6 mmHg). The majority of study participants (83%) enjoyed HIT and more than half of the participants (58%) reported that HIT is a more enjoyable form of exercise compared to other types of exercises. Low-volume HIT is a useful strategy to promote exercise participation and improve cardiovascular health in overweight and obese youth. 相似文献
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Daniel Muniz-Pumares Charles Pedlar Richard Godfrey Mark Glaister 《Journal of sports sciences》2017,35(23):2357-2364
This study investigated (i) whether the accumulated oxygen deficit (AOD) and curvature constant of the power–duration relationship (W′) are different during constant work-rate to exhaustion (CWR) and 3-min all-out (3MT) tests and (ii) the relationship between AOD and W′ during CWR and 3MT. Twenty-one male cyclists (age: 40 ± 6 years; maximal oxygen uptake [V?O2max]: 58 ± 7 ml · kg?1 · min?1) completed preliminary tests to determine the V?O2–power output relationship and V?O2max. Subsequently, AOD and W′ were determined as the difference between oxygen demand and oxygen uptake and work completed above critical power, respectively, in CWR and 3MT. There were no differences between tests for duration, work, or average power output (P ≥ 0.05). AOD was greater in the CWR test (4.18 ± 0.95 vs. 3.68 ± 0.98 L; P = 0.004), whereas W′ was greater in 3MT (9.55 ± 4.00 vs. 11.37 ± 3.84 kJ; P = 0.010). AOD and W′ were significantly correlated in both CWR (P < 0.001, r = 0.654) and 3MT (P < 0.001, r = 0.654). In conclusion, despite positive correlations between AOD and W′ in CWR and 3MT, between-test differences in the magnitude of AOD and W′, suggest that both measures have different underpinning mechanisms. 相似文献
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曾民 《山东体育学院学报》1997,(4)
通过对有关文献资料的综合分析讨论，对高强度训练时肌肉疲劳的细胞机制及特征进行探讨。发现肌肉疲劳的细胞机制主要与氢离子和磷酸盐有关，细胞特征主要表现为肌力下降，膜动作电位时间延长，幅度及传播速度下降，肌浆网对钙离子吸收延缓 相似文献
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在长期的运动训练实践中,人们发现对于已经经过长期训练的耐力运动员来说,次最大强度训练对他们的运动成绩和相关生理指标的提高作用甚少,好像只有通过高强度的间歇训练才能提高他们的运动成绩.本文对高水平耐力项目自行车运动员高强度间歇训练方案中所涉及的内容及研究进展加以总结和展望,以期对今后优秀耐力项目自行车运动员的训练和研究有所帮助. 相似文献